ζάω: Difference between revisions

|txtha=ζῶ, ζῇς, ζῇ, infinitive ζῆν (so L T, but R G WH (η(, Tr also (except Winer s Grammar, § 5,4c.; WH. Introductory § 410; Lipsius Gram. Unters., p. 5f), participle ζῶν; imperfect ἔζων (Vat. has the inferior form ἔζην (found again ἐζῆτε); cf. Fritzsche on Romans , ii., p. 38; (WH s Appendix, p. 169; Veitch, under the word)); future in the earlier form ζήσω (L marginal reading); L T Tr WH also in John (T WH), (not L; T Tr WH); Winer, p. 105) the later form, first used by (Hippocrates 7,536 (see Veitch, under the word)) Demosthenes, ζήσομαι; 1st aorist (unused in Attic (Hipp., Anth. Pal., Plutarch, others (see Veitch))) ἔζησα (Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Sprachl. ii. 191 f; Buttmann, 58 (51); Krüger, i., p. 172; Kühner, i. 829; Winer s Grammar, 86 (83); (Veitch, under the word); Hebrew חָיָה; (from (Homer) Theognis, Aeschylus down); to live; I. properly,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to live, be among the living, be alive (not lifeless, not dead): ψυχή ζῶσα, R Tr marginal reading διά παντός τοῦ ζῆν, during all their life (on earth), διατελεῖν πάντα τόν τοῦ ζῆν χρόνον, Diodorus 1,74 (cf. Buttmann, 262 (225))); ἔτι ζῶν (participle imperfect (cf. Winer's Grammar, 341 (320))), while he was yet alive, before his death, ἐν σαρκί added, of the earthly life, ὁ δέ νῦν ζῶ ἐν σαρκί, that life which I live in an earthly body, Buttmann, 149 (130); Winer's Grammar, 227 (213)); ἐν αὐτῷ ζῶμεν, in God is the cause why we live, ζῶσα τέθνηκε, ἐμοί τό ζῆν Χριστός, my life is devoted to Christ, Christ is the aim, the goal, of my life, ζῶντες are opposed to νεκροί, ζῶντες καί νεκροί, ζῇ ἐν ἐμοί Χριστός, Christ is living and operative in me, i. e. the holy mind and energy of Christ pervades and moves me ἐκ δυνάμεως Θεοῦ ζῆν εἰς τινα, through the power of God to live and be strong toward one (namely, in correcting and judging), ὁ ζῶν: R G; Theod., 26, etc.); with the addition of εἰς τούς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων, ζῶ ἐγώ (אָנִי חַי, as I live (by my life), the formula by which God swears by himself, to continue to live, to be kept alice (ὅστις ζῆν ἐπιθυμεῖ, πειράσθω νικαν, Xenophon, an. 3,2, 26 (39)): ἐάν ὁ κύριος θελήσῃ καί ζήσωμεν (ζήσομεν L T Tr WH), Buttmann, 210 (181); Winer's Grammar, 286 (268f)); ζῆν ἐπ' ἄρτῳ (ἐπί, B. 2a. α. (ζῆν ἐκ τίνος, to get a living from a thing, ἐκ τῆς ἀρρωστίας added, to live and be strong: ἐν τούτοις (for ἐν αὐτοῖς) in these vices, opposed to the ethical death by which Christians are wholly severed from sin (see ἀποθνῄσκω, II:2b.), to be no longer dead, to recover life, be restored to life: νεκρός, ἔζησεν came to life, lived again, G L T Tr WH (opposed to ἀπέθανε); ἀνέζησεν) (βασιλεύω, at the end); ζῆν ἐκ νεκρῶν, tropically, out of moral death to enter upon a new life, dedicated and acceptable to God, T Tr WH). equivalent to not to be mortal, ἄνθρωποι ἀποθνῄσκοντες dying men i. e. whose lot it is to die, are opposed to ὁ ζῶν).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> emphatically, and in the Messianic sense, to enjoy real life, i. e. to have true life and worthy of the name — active, blessed, endless in the kingdom of God (or ζωή αἰώνιος; see ζωή, 2b.): ἐκ πίστεως, εἰς τόν αἰῶνα, σύν Χριστῷ, in Christ's society, ζῶ διά τόν πατέρα, ζήσειν δἰ αὐτόν, δἰ αὐτοῦ, πνεύματι, ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς καί νεκρός εἰ, thou art said to have life (i. e. vigorous spiritual life bringing forth good fruit) and (yet) thou art dead (ethically), T: ζῆν denotes to live most happily in the enjoyment of the theocratic blessings: to live i. e. pass life, of the manner of living and acting; of morals or character: μετά ἀνδρός with the accusative of time, of a married woman, χωρίς νόμου, without recognition of the law, Φαρισαῖος, ἐν κόσμῳ, ἐν and a dative indicating the act or state of the soul: ἐν πίστει, ἐν τῇ ἁμαρτία, to devote life to sin, εὐσεβῶς, ἀσώτως, ἐθνικῶς, ἀδίκως, ζῆν τίνι (the dative of person, a phrase common in Greek authors also, in Latin vivere alicui; cf. Fritzsche on Romans , vol. iii., p. 176ff), to devote, consecrate, life to one; so to live that life results in benefit to someone or to his cause: τῷ Θεῷ, τῷ Χριστῷ, ἑαυτῷ ζῆν who makes his own will his law, is his own master, τῇ δικαιοσύνη, πνεύματι, to be actuated by the Spirit, κατά σάρκα, as the flesh dictates, II. Metaphorically, of inanimate things;<br /><b class="num">a.</b> ὕδωρ ζῶν, חַיִּים מַיִם (living water, i. e. bubbling up, gushing forth, flowing, with the suggested idea of refreshment and salubrity (opposed to the water of cisterns and pools (cf. our spring water)), is figuratively used of the spirit and truth of God as satisfying the needs and desires of the soul: ἐπί ζώσας πηγάς ὑδάτων, b. having vital power in itself and exerting the same upon the soul: ἐλπίς ζῶσα, λόγος Θεοῦ, λόγια namely, τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὁδός ζῶσα, ὁ ζῶν is applied to those things to which persons are compared who possess real life (see I:2 above), in the expressions λίθοι ζῶντες, ἄρτος ὁ ζῶν (see ἄρτος, at the end), θυσία ζῶσα (tacitly opposed to slain victims), ἀναζάω, συζάω.)