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δίκη: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(the) way (of), custom, right, judgement, justice, lawsuit, trial, punishment</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">δικασπόλος</b> [[judge]] (cf. <b class="b3">αἴπολος</b> etc.) with an acc. pl.<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">δικίδιον</b> (Ar.; see Fournier Les verbes "dire" 116). - <b class="b3">δίκαιος</b> <b class="b2">right(ly)</b> (Il.); with <b class="b3">δικαιότης</b> [[justice]] (X.) and <b class="b3">δικαιοσύνη</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ion.-Att.; see Porzig Satzinhalte 225), with sec. <b class="b3">δικαιόσυνος</b> (of Zeus); denominative <b class="b3">δικαιόω</b> <b class="b2">consider right, judge</b> (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">δικαίωμα</b> <b class="b2">act of right</b> and <b class="b3">δικαίωσις</b> [[lawsuit]], [[punishment]]; also <b class="b3">δικαιωτήριον</b> <b class="b2">place of punishment</b> (Pl. Phdr. 249a; like <b class="b3">δεσμωτήριον</b> etc.) and <b class="b3">δικαιωτής</b> [[judge]] (Plu.) - <b class="b3">δικανικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to trials</b>, often depreciative (Att.); the basis only in H.: <b class="b3">δικανούς τοὺς περὶ τὰς δίκας διατρίβοντας</b> H. The long <b class="b3">α</b> (Ar. Pax 534) acc. to Chantraine Anales de filcl 6, 45ff. from <b class="b3">νεανικός</b>; see also Björck Alpha impurum 256f., 279f. - <b class="b3">δικαϊκός</b> [[rightly]] (M. Ant.). - Denomin. <b class="b3">δικάζω</b> [[judge]], Med. <b class="b2">go to law</b> (Il.; <b class="b3">διαδικάζω</b> Att.); from it <b class="b3">δικαστής</b> [[judge]] (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">δικαστικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a judge\/justice</b> (Pl.) and <b class="b3">δικαστεία</b> <b class="b2">office of δικαστής</b> (inscr.); rare <b class="b3">δικαστήρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Locr., Pamph. etc.), f. <b class="b3">δικάστρια</b> (Luc.), with <b class="b3">δικαστήριον</b> [[lawcourt]] (Ion.-Att.) with the dimin. <b class="b3">δικαστηρίδιον</b> (Ar.) and <b class="b3">δικαστηριακός</b> (Phld.); from <b class="b3">δικάζω</b> also <b class="b3">δικαστύς</b> (Epigr. Samos; Fraenkel 1, 32 A. 2), <b class="b3">δικασμός</b> (Ph.), <b class="b3">δικασία</b> (Aq.; <b class="b3">διαδικασία</b> Att.), <b class="b3">διαδίκασμα</b> (Lys.), <b class="b3">δίκασις</b> (sch.). - Privative compound <b class="b3">ἄδικος</b> [[unrightly]] with <b class="b3">ἀδικία</b> and <b class="b3">ἀδικέω</b>, from where <b class="b3">ἀδίκημα</b> (al Ion.-Att.). - On the hypostasis <b class="b3">ἀδικίου</b> <b class="b2">because of unjustice</b> see Wackernagel Synt. 2, 288; on <b class="b3">ἀδίκιον</b> Wackernagel-Debrunner Philol. 95, 190f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [188] <b class="b2">*deiḱ-</b> [[show]]<br />Etymology: Though identical with Skt. <b class="b2">diśā</b> (ep.) <b class="b2">direction, part of heaven</b>, <b class="b3">δίκη</b> is independent. Prob. from a root noun, seen in Skt. <b class="b2">díś-</b> [[direction]], also [[way]] and preserved in Lat. <b class="b2">dic-is causā</b> (Wackernagel in W.-Hofmann 1, 860). Kretschmer Glotta 32, 2 thinks that <b class="b3">δίκη</b> replaced an old word for [[right]], Lat. [[iūs]], Skt. (Ved.) <b class="b2">yóṣ</b> [[hail]], [[luck]]. The connection with right is old and also seen in Latin (<b class="b2">dicis causa</b>, [[iūdex]]) and Germanic, s. <b class="b3">δείκνυμι</b>. - Diff. on <b class="b3">δίκη</b> Palmer Trans. Phil. Soc. 1950, 149ff. S. Kretschmer Glotta 13, 267f. Monograph D. Loenen. Dikè. Een histor. semant. Analyse. Amsterdam 1948 (Mededel. Nederl. Ak. v. Wet. Letterk. NR 11 : 6). | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(the) way (of), custom, right, judgement, justice, lawsuit, trial, punishment</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">δικασπόλος</b> [[judge]] (cf. <b class="b3">αἴπολος</b> etc.) with an acc. pl.<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">δικίδιον</b> (Ar.; see Fournier Les verbes "dire" 116). - <b class="b3">δίκαιος</b> <b class="b2">right(ly)</b> (Il.); with <b class="b3">δικαιότης</b> [[justice]] (X.) and <b class="b3">δικαιοσύνη</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ion.-Att.; see Porzig Satzinhalte 225), with sec. <b class="b3">δικαιόσυνος</b> (of Zeus); denominative <b class="b3">δικαιόω</b> <b class="b2">consider right, judge</b> (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">δικαίωμα</b> <b class="b2">act of right</b> and <b class="b3">δικαίωσις</b> [[lawsuit]], [[punishment]]; also <b class="b3">δικαιωτήριον</b> <b class="b2">place of punishment</b> (Pl. Phdr. 249a; like <b class="b3">δεσμωτήριον</b> etc.) and <b class="b3">δικαιωτής</b> [[judge]] (Plu.) - <b class="b3">δικανικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to trials</b>, often depreciative (Att.); the basis only in H.: <b class="b3">δικανούς τοὺς περὶ τὰς δίκας διατρίβοντας</b> H. The long <b class="b3">α</b> (Ar. Pax 534) acc. to Chantraine Anales de filcl 6, 45ff. from <b class="b3">νεανικός</b>; see also Björck Alpha impurum 256f., 279f. - <b class="b3">δικαϊκός</b> [[rightly]] (M. Ant.). - Denomin. <b class="b3">δικάζω</b> [[judge]], Med. <b class="b2">go to law</b> (Il.; <b class="b3">διαδικάζω</b> Att.); from it <b class="b3">δικαστής</b> [[judge]] (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">δικαστικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a judge\/justice</b> (Pl.) and <b class="b3">δικαστεία</b> <b class="b2">office of δικαστής</b> (inscr.); rare <b class="b3">δικαστήρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Locr., Pamph. etc.), f. <b class="b3">δικάστρια</b> (Luc.), with <b class="b3">δικαστήριον</b> [[lawcourt]] (Ion.-Att.) with the dimin. <b class="b3">δικαστηρίδιον</b> (Ar.) and <b class="b3">δικαστηριακός</b> (Phld.); from <b class="b3">δικάζω</b> also <b class="b3">δικαστύς</b> (Epigr. Samos; Fraenkel 1, 32 A. 2), <b class="b3">δικασμός</b> (Ph.), <b class="b3">δικασία</b> (Aq.; <b class="b3">διαδικασία</b> Att.), <b class="b3">διαδίκασμα</b> (Lys.), <b class="b3">δίκασις</b> (sch.). - Privative compound <b class="b3">ἄδικος</b> [[unrightly]] with <b class="b3">ἀδικία</b> and <b class="b3">ἀδικέω</b>, from where <b class="b3">ἀδίκημα</b> (al Ion.-Att.). - On the hypostasis <b class="b3">ἀδικίου</b> <b class="b2">because of unjustice</b> see Wackernagel Synt. 2, 288; on <b class="b3">ἀδίκιον</b> Wackernagel-Debrunner Philol. 95, 190f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [188] <b class="b2">*deiḱ-</b> [[show]]<br />Etymology: Though identical with Skt. <b class="b2">diśā</b> (ep.) <b class="b2">direction, part of heaven</b>, <b class="b3">δίκη</b> is independent. Prob. from a root noun, seen in Skt. <b class="b2">díś-</b> [[direction]], also [[way]] and preserved in Lat. <b class="b2">dic-is causā</b> (Wackernagel in W.-Hofmann 1, 860). Kretschmer Glotta 32, 2 thinks that <b class="b3">δίκη</b> replaced an old word for [[right]], Lat. [[iūs]], Skt. (Ved.) <b class="b2">yóṣ</b> [[hail]], [[luck]]. The connection with right is old and also seen in Latin (<b class="b2">dicis causa</b>, [[iūdex]]) and Germanic, s. <b class="b3">δείκνυμι</b>. - Diff. on <b class="b3">δίκη</b> Palmer Trans. Phil. Soc. 1950, 149ff. S. Kretschmer Glotta 13, 267f. Monograph D. Loenen. Dikè. Een histor. semant. Analyse. Amsterdam 1948 (Mededel. Nederl. Ak. v. Wet. Letterk. NR 11 : 6). | ||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=<i>n</i><br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[custom]], [[usage]], [[αὕτη]] [[δίκη]] ἐστὶ βροτῶν [[this]] is the [[custom]] of mortals, Od.; ἡ γὰρ [[δίκη]] ἐστι γερόντων Od.:—acc. [[δίκην]] as adv., [[after]] the [[manner]] of, c. gen., [[δίκην]] [[ὕδατος]] Aesch., Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[right]] as [[dependent]] on [[custom]], law, [[right]], Hom., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[δίκη]] ἐστι, like δίκαιόν ἐστι, Aesch.: —δίκῃ [[duly]], [[rightly]], Il., Trag.; κατὰ [[δίκην]] Hdt.; [[μετὰ]] δίκης Plat.; πρὸς δίκης Soph.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> a [[judgment]], [[δίκην]] [[εἰπεῖν]] to [[give]] [[judgment]], Il.: pl. [[righteous]] judgments, Hom.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> [[after]] Hom., a [[lawsuit]], [[properly]], a [[private]] [[suit]] or [[action]], opp. to [[γραφή]] (a [[public]] [[suit]] or [[indictment]]), Plat., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> the [[trial]] of the [[case]], πρὸ δίκης Thuc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> the [[penalty]] awarded by the [[judge]], [[δίκην]] τίνειν, ἐκτίνειν Hdt., Soph.; [[δίκην]] or δίκας διδόναι to make [[amends]], [[suffer]] [[punishment]], Lat. poenas [[dare]], Hdt., [[attic]]; δίκας [[δοῦναι]], also, to [[submit]] to [[trial]], Thuc.: —δίκας λαμβάνειν is [[sometimes]] = δ. διδόναι, Lat. [[dare]] poenas, Hdt., Dem.; but also like Lat. sumere poenas, to [[inflict]] [[punishment]], [[take]] [[vengeance]], [[λαβεῖν]] [[δίκην]] [[παρά]] τινος Dem.:—also, δίκας or [[δίκην]] ὑπέχειν to [[stand]] [[trial]], Hdt., Soph.; [[δίκην]] παρέχειν Eur.: —[[δίκην]] [[ὀφλεῖν]] ὑπό τινος to incur [[penalty]], Plat.; [[δίκην]] φεύγειν to be the [[defendant]] in the [[trial]] (opp. to διώκειν to [[prosecute]]), Dem.: —δίκας αἰτέειν to [[demand]] [[satisfaction]], τινός for a [[thing]], Hdt.; [[δίκην]] τίσασθαι, v. [[τίνω]] II: —δίκας διδόναι καὶ λαμβάνειν παρ' [[ἀλλήλων]] to [[have]] [[their]] causes [[tried]], of [[subject]]-states whose causes were [[tried]] in the courts of the [[ruling]] [[state]], Hdt. | |||
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