ὅπλον: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">implement, tool, instrument, marine instruments, esp. tackles, (heavy) weapon(s)</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: pl. mostly <b class="b3">ὅπλα</b><br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὁπλο-μάχ-ος</b> <b class="b2">who fights with heavy weapons</b>, <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> (Att.). <b class="b3">ἔν-οπλος</b> <b class="b2">under arms, armed</b> (Tyrt., S., E.) with <b class="b3">ιο-</b>enlagrement <b class="b3">ἐν-όπλ-ιος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, also subst. (sc. <b class="b3">ῥυθμός</b>) as name of a military [[rhythm]] (Pi.); on <b class="b3">ὑπέρ-οπλος</b> s. v.<br />Derivatives: 1. Dimin. <b class="b3">ὁπλάριον</b> (hell.). 2. <b class="b3">Ο῝πλη-τες</b> pl., gen. <b class="b3">Όπλήθων</b> name of one of the four oldest Ion. phyles (Hdt., Miletos); <b class="b3">-θ-</b> after <b class="b3">πλῆθος</b> or through breath-replacement? (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 156 n. 1, Glotta 32,30). 3. <b class="b3">ὁπλί-της</b> Dor. <b class="b3">-τας</b> m. <b class="b2">heavily armed (warriorr), hoplite</b> (Pi., IA.), f. <b class="b3">-τις</b> (Poll.), with <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">-τεύω</b>, <b class="b3">-τεία</b> (Att.). 4. <b class="b3">ὁπλ-ικός</b> <b class="b2">pertaining to arms</b> (Vett. Val.). 5. <b class="b3">Όπλεύς</b> m. PN (Hes. Sc., Bosshardt 120: shortened form for <b class="b3">Όπλο-μάχος</b> v.t.?). 6. <b class="b3">Όπλό-σμιος</b> m. surn. of Zeus in Arcadia (Arist., inscr. IIIa), <b class="b3">-σμία</b> f. surn. of Hera in Elis etc. (Lyc.), <b class="b3">-δμία</b> f. name of a phyle in Mantinea (IVa); formation unclear, cf. Schwyzer 208 w. lit. and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 96. 7. <b class="b3">ὁπλίας Λοκροὶ τοὺς τόπους</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν οἷς συνελαύνοντες ἀριθμοῦσι τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τὰ βοσκήματα</b> H.; unclear (s.v.). 8. [[ὁπλότερος]], s. v. -- 9. Denomin. verbs: a) <b class="b3">ὁπλέω</b> = <b class="b3">ὁπλίζω</b> only in <b class="b3">ὥπλεον ζ</b> 73. b) <b class="b3">ὁπλίζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ὁπλίσ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-ασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">-σθῆναι</b>, late perf. <b class="b3">ὥπλικα</b>, often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-</b>, <b class="b2">to prepare</b>, a.o. of food a. drinks (Hom.), <b class="b2">to arm, to equip (oneself)</b> (Il.) with <b class="b3">ὅπλ-ισις</b> f., <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. [[arming]], [[armament]], [[equipment]], [[equipage]] (Att.), <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> n. <b class="b2">arm(s)</b> (E., Pl.), <b class="b3">ἐξοπλισ-ία</b> f. <b class="b2">equipment, position, muster, (military) review</b> (X., Ain. Tact. a.o.; on the fomation Schwyzer 469), also <b class="b3">ἐξοπλασία</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist., inscr.; prob. after <b class="b3">δοκιμασία</b>, <b class="b3">γυμνασία</b> a.o.); <b class="b3">ὁπλιστής</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-τάς</b> m. <b class="b2">armed warrior</b>, also attr. (Vett. Val., AP). c) <b class="b3">ὅπλε-σθαι</b> <b class="b2">to prepare</b> (<b class="b3">δεῖπνον Τ</b> 172, Ψ 159), formation after the themat. root-pres. (Schwyzer 722 f.), if not simply a mistake of the tradition for <b class="b3">ὁπλεῖσθαι</b> with Solmsen Unt. 90 (s. also Risch $ 97. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 311 u. 351). -- On the use of <b class="b3">ὅπλον</b> and derivv. in Hom. s. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 81 ff.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [909] <b class="b2">*sep-</b> [[care]], [[prepare]]<br />Etymology: Greek formation with <b class="b3">λ-</b>suffix and <b class="b3">ο-</b>ablaut (Chantraine Form. 240) from old inherited <b class="b3">ἕπω</b> <b class="b2">care for, perpetrate</b>; s. v. w. lit.

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