κινδυνεύω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. -σω <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.60</span>.α', etc.: pf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> κεκινδύνευκα <span class="bibl">Lys.3.47</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.61.4</span>:—Pass., mostly in pres.: fut. κινδυνευθήσομαι <span class="bibl">D.30.10</span>, κεκινδυνεύσομαι <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.75</span>: aor. and pf., v. infr. 3: (κίνδυνος):—<b class="b2">to be daring, run risk</b>, <b class="b3">κ. πρὸς πολλούς, πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.11</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.3.14</span>; <b class="b3">κ. εἰς τὴν Αῐγυπτον</b> <b class="b2">venture</b> thither, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> abs., <b class="b2">make a venture, take a risk</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.69</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1204</span>; <b class="b2">to be in dire peril</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.28</span>, <span class="bibl">6.33</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">to be in danger</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1124b8</span>, etc.; of a sick person, Hp.<b class="b2">Aph. (Sp</b>.) 7.82, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Coac.</span>374</span>; esp. <b class="b2">engage in war</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.43</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ χωρίου κινδυνεύοντος</b> the post <b class="b2">being in peril</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.8</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ κινδυνεύων τόπος</b> the place <b class="b2">of danger</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.115.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. dat., <b class="b3">κ. τῷ σώματι, τῇ ψυχῇ</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.120</span>, <span class="bibl">7.209</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ἁπάσῃ τῇ Ἑλλάδι</b> <b class="b2">run a risk with</b> all Greece, i.e. endanger it all, <span class="bibl">Id.8.60</span>. α'; στρατιῇ <span class="bibl">Id.4.80</span>; <b class="b3">τίσιν οὖν ὑμεῖς κινδυνεύσαιτ' ἄν</b>… ; <b class="b2">in</b> what points… ? <span class="bibl">D.9.18</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τοῖς ὅλοις πράγμασι, τῷ βίῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.70.1</span>, <span class="bibl">5.61.4</span>; τῷ ζῆν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>44.21</span> (ii B.C.): freq. with Preps., κ. ἐν τοῖς σώμασι <span class="bibl">Lys.2.63</span>; οὐκ ἐν τῷ Καρὶ ἀλλ' ἐν υἱέσι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>187b</span> (Pass.); <b class="b3">κ. περὶ [τῆς Πελοποννήσου</b>] <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.74</span>; περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>524</span>; περὶ τοῦ σώματος <span class="bibl">And.1.4</span>; περὶ ἀνδραποδισμοῦ <span class="bibl">Isoc. 8.37</span>; περὶ τῆς μεγίστης ζημίας <span class="bibl">Lys.7.15</span>; περὶ τῆς βασιλείας πρὸς Κῦρον <span class="bibl">D.15.24</span>; περὶ αὑτῷ <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.6</span>; περὶ τοῖς φιλτάτοις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314a</span>; but <b class="b3">κ. περὶ δισχιλίους</b> <b class="b2">go into battle</b> with a force of <span class="bibl">2</span>,<span class="bibl">000</span>, <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">Hist.</span>p.244</span> D.; ὑπὲρ καλλίστων <span class="bibl">Lys.2.79</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. cogn., <b class="b2">venture, hazard</b>, τοὺς ἐσχάτους κινδύνους <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.82</span>; κινδύνευμα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>451a</span>; μάχην <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.169</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ψευδομαρτυρίαν</b> <b class="b2">hazard</b> a prosecution for perjury, <span class="bibl">D.41.16</span> codd. (<b class="b3">τῶν-ιῶν</b> Blass):—Pass., <b class="b2">to be ventured</b> or <b class="b2">hazarded</b>, <b class="b3">μεταβολὴ κινδυνεύεται</b> <b class="b2">there is risk</b> of change, <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>; <b class="b3">ὁποτέρως ἔσται, ἐν ἀδήλῳ κινδυνεύεται</b> <b class="b2">remains in hazardous</b> uncertainty, <span class="bibl">Id.1.78</span>; τὰ μέγιστα κινδυνεύεται τῇ πόλει <span class="bibl">D.19.285</span>; <b class="b3">κεκινδυνευμένον</b> <b class="b2">a venturous enterprise</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.14</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ κινδυνευθέντα</b>, = [[τὰ κινδυνεύματα]], <span class="bibl">Lys.2.54</span>; τῶν ἤδη σφίσι καλῶς κεκινδυνευμένων <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>2.7.3</span>; τὸ φιλοπόλεμον καὶ κεκ. <span class="bibl">D.S.2.21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">run the risk</b> of doing or being... τὸν στρατὸν κινδυνεύσει ἀποβαλεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.65</span>; κακόν τι λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.6.9</span>; ἀπολέσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.9.89</span>; διαφθαρῆναι <span class="bibl">Th.3.74</span>; ἀποθανεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>28b</span>, etc.; τοῦ συντριβῆναι <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jn.</span>1.4</span>; then, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> to express <b class="b2">chance</b>, i.e. what <b class="b2">may possibly</b> or <b class="b2">probably happen</b>: c. pres., pf., or aor. inf., <b class="b3">κινδυνεύουσι οἱ ἄνθρωποι οὗτοι γόητες εἶναι</b> they <b class="b2">run a risk of being reputed</b> conjurers, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.105</span>; <b class="b3">κινδυνεύσομεν βοηθεῖν</b> we <b class="b2">shall probably have</b> to assist, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span>164e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">172c</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ἡ ἀληθὴς δόξα ἐπιστήμη εἶναι</b> <b class="b2">seems likely</b> to be... ib.<span class="bibl">187b</span>; <b class="b3">κινδυνεύσεις ἐπιδεῖξαι χρηστὸς εἶναι</b> you <b class="b2">will have the chance of</b> showing your worth, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.13.3</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ἀναμφιλογώτατον ἀγαθὸν εἶναι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">4.2.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>40b</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ συσσίτια κινδυνεύει συναγαγεῖν</b> he <b class="b2">probably</b> organized the <b class="b3">σ</b>., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>625e</span>; <b class="b3">κινδυνεύω πεπονθέναι ὅπερ</b>… <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>485e</span>: c. fut. inf., dub. in <span class="bibl">Th.4.117</span>; <b class="b3">κινδυνεύει</b> impers., <b class="b2">it may be, possibly</b>, as an affirmat. answer, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span> 256e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>262c</span>; out of courtesy, when no real doubt is implied, <b class="b3">κινδυνεύεις ἀληθῆ λέγειν</b> you <b class="b2">may very likely</b> be right, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 205d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be endangered</b> or <b class="b2">imperilled</b>, ἐν ἑνὶ ἀνδρὶ πολλῶν ἀρετὰς κ. <span class="bibl">Th.2.35</span>; τὰ χρήματα κινδυνεύεται τῷ δανείσαντι <span class="bibl">D.34.28</span>:— but Pass. in sense of Act. dub. in <span class="title">GDI</span>3569.4 (Calymna).</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1439.png Seite 1439]] 1) sich in Gefahr begeben, <b class="b2">wagen</b>, bes. in der Schlacht kämpfen; absolut, Thuc. 1, 20, ὡς δεῖ ὡπλίσθαι τὸν μέλλοντα ἐφ' ἵππου κινδυνεύειν Xen. de re equ. 12, 1, der zu Pferde kämpfen will; πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους Mem. 3, 3, 14; Dem. 15, 24 u. A.; περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς Ar. Plut. 524; περὶ τῆς πατρίδος Pol. 1, 27, 1; ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀρχῆς 1, 2, 2, ὁ κινδυνεύων [[τόπος]], der Ort der Gefahr, 3, 115, 6; auch περὶ τοῖς φιλτάτοις, Plat. Prot. 314 a; – c. dat., τῇ ψυχῇ, sein Leben aufs Spiel setzen, daran wagen, Her. 7, 209; τῷ βίῳ Pol. 5, 61, 4; τοῖς ὅλοις πράγμασι 1, 70, 1, – c. acc., τὴν μάχην ἐν τοῖς ἐπιλέκτοις ἐκινδύνευσα, ich habe die Schlacht mitgemacht, Aesch. 2, 169; κινδυνεύειν τὴν ψευδομαρτυρίαν Dem. 41, 16, sich in die Gefahr stürzen, falsches Zeugnisses wegen angeklagt zu werden. Auch [[κινδύνευμα]] κινδυνεύειν, Plat. Rep. IV, 451 a; πάντας κινδύνους Legg. VII, 814 b. – Gefahr laufen, in Gefahr sein; τὸν ναυτικὸν στρατὸν κινδυνεύσει ἀποβαλέειν, er wird Gefahr laufen zu verlieren, Her. 8, 65, vgl. 97; [[κινδυνεύω]] διαφθαρῆναι Thuc. 3, 74; vgl. Xen. Hem. 4, 7, 6; ἐξ οὗ κινδυνεύεις νυνὶ ἀποθανεῖν Plat. Apol. 28 b; μὴ περὶ τοῖς φιλτάτοις κυβεύῃς τε καὶ κινδυνεύῃς Prot. 314 a; gew. [[περί]] τινος, Gorg. 521 d; vgl. Her. 8, 74; περὶ τοῦ βίου Ar. Plut. 524; Folgde. – Bes. auch vor Gericht in Gefahr sein, auf Tod u. Leben angeklagt sein. – Pass. in Gefahr gesetzt werden, in Gefahr gerathen; ἐν δίκᾳ μὴ κεκινδυνευμένος Pind. N. 5, 14; im Kriege, Isocr. 1, 43; μὴ ἐν ἑνὶ ἀνδρὶ πολλῶν ἀρετὰς κινδυνεύεσθαι, aufs Spiel gesetzt werden, Thuc. 2, 35; Plat. μὴ οὐκ ἐν τῷ Καρὶ ὑμῖν ὁ [[κίνδυνος]] κινδυνεύηται ἀλλ' ἐν τοῖς υἱέσι Lach. 187 b; δι' ὧν τὰ μέγιστα κινδυνεύεται τῇ πόλει Dem. 19, 285; τὰ χρήματα κινδυνεύεται τῷ δανείσαντι 34, 28; τὰ ὑπὸ πολλῶν κινδυνευθέντα Lys. 2, 54, gefahrvolle Unternehmungen; vgl. Arr. An. 2, 7, 5; τὸ φιλοπόλεμον καὶ κεκινδυνευμένον D. Sic. 2, 21. – 2) sehr gewöhnlich im milderen Sinn, κινδυνεύουσι οἱ ἄνθρωποι οὗτοι γόητες εἶναι, sie laufen Gefahr als Betrüger zu erscheinen, sie scheinen Betrüger zu sein, Her. 4, 105; oft im Att., bes. bei Plat., eine höfliche Wendung für eine bestimmte Behauptung, dem lat. haud scio an entsprechend; [[κινδυνεύω]] πεπονθέναι, es scheint mir so zu gehen, Gorg. 485 c; [[κινδυνεύω]] σοι δοκεῖν μακάριός τις εἶναι, ich scheine dir wohl zu meinen, Men. 71 b; κινδυνεύεις ἀληθῆ λέγειν, du kannst wohl Recht haben, Conv. 205 d, öfter; auch in bejahenden Antworten, »so scheint es«, Phaedr. 262 c Soph. 256 e u. öfter; κινδυνεύει ἀναμφιλογώτατον ἀγαθὸν εἶναι τὸ εὐδαιμονεῖν, Glückseligkeit scheint das unbezweifeltste Gut zu sein, Xen. Mem. 4, 2, 34.