μόνος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, Ep. and Ion. μοῦνος, the only form used by Hom. (as in all derivs. exc. <b class="b3">μονόω</b>), Hes., and Hdt., also by <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.27</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>5(4).12</span>, <span class="bibl">B.3.80</span>, al., by S. both in iamb. and lyr., by A. only in compd. <b class="b3">μουνώψ</b>, by E. only in <b class="b3">μούναρχος</b>: Dor. μῶνος <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.64</span>, <span class="bibl">20.45</span>:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">alone, solitary</b>, μοῦνος ἐὼν πολέσιν μετὰ Καδμείοισιν <span class="bibl">Il.4.388</span>; ἢ ὅ γε μοῦνος ἐών <span class="bibl">Od.3.217</span>; μούνω ἄνευθ' ἄλλων <span class="bibl">16.239</span>: joined with <b class="b3">ἐρῆμος</b>, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>887</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>470</span>; μόνοι γὰρ ἐσμέν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">JTr.</span>21</span>; ἄνθρωπος πρεσβύτης καὶ μ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>180.23</span> (ii A.D.); φυγὴ μόνου πρὸς μόνον <span class="bibl">Plot.6.9.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">σοῦ μόνος</b> <b class="b2">bereft of</b> thee, <b class="b2">without</b> thee, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>511</span>; also μοῦνος ἀπ' ἄλλων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>193</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>183</span> (lyr.); ἑτάρων ἄπο μ. <span class="bibl">A.R.3.908</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">only</b>, μοῦνον Λαέρτην Ἀρκείσιος υἱὸν ἔτικτε, μοῦνον δ' αὖτ' Ὀδυσῆα πατὴρ τέκεν <span class="bibl">Od.16.118</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.9.482</span>; μόνης γὰρ σοῦ κλύων ἀνέξεται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 838</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">632</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>425</span> (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">χοίνικος μόνας ἁλῶν</b> for a gallon of salt <b class="b2">only</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>814</span>; <b class="b2">single</b>, οὐκ ἄρα μοῦνον ἔην Ἐρίδων γένος, ἀλλὰ… δύω <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1280</span>; <b class="b3">εἷς μοῦνος</b> or <b class="b3">μόνος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.38</span>, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OT</span>63</span>: once in Hom., μία μούνη <span class="bibl">Od.23.227</span>: joined with αὐτός, αὐτὼ μόνω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ly.</span>211c</span>; αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτοὺς μόνοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>307e</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">μοῦνος ποταμῶν</b> <b class="b2">alone</b> of rivers, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">29</span>; μ. θεῶν γὰρ Θάνατος οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>161</span>; μ. τῶν ἄλλων ποιητῶν <span class="bibl">Lycurg.102</span>; but <b class="b3">μοῦνος πάντων ἀνθρώπων</b> he <b class="b2">and no other</b> of all men, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.25</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρῶν γε μοῦνος</b> he <b class="b2">and no other</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1250</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>531</span>; ὦ μόνα ὦ φίλα γυναικῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>460</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> freq. repeated in the same clause, ξυμπεσὼν μόνος μόνοις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>467</span>; <b class="b3">Ἕκτορος μόνος μόνου… ἐναντίος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1283</span>; σὺν τέκνοις μόνη μόνοις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>513</span>; μόνος μόνῳ <span class="bibl">D.18.137</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> expressing rhetorically pre-eminence in an action or quality, <b class="b3">μόνα κατέχεσθαι ποιεῖ</b> are <b class="b2">unique</b> for causing possession, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>215c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">222a</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>261</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>299</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.14.57</span>; [ἐπέδειξε] σαφέστατα μόνος ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Lys.24.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Sup. <b class="b3">μονώτατος</b> <b class="b2">one above all others</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Eq.</span>352</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>182</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.89</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.137</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.350 S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">made in one piece</b>, τάπης <span class="title">Edict.Diocl.</span>19.23. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Adv. μόνως, <b class="b2">on one condition only</b>, folld. by <b class="b3">εἰ</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.81</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Mem.</span>1.5.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.2.23</span>; <b class="b2">in one way only</b>, <span class="bibl">Them.<span class="title">in Ph.</span>29.22</span>, al.; <b class="b2">in a unique manner</b>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>98</span>: later, simply, <b class="b2">only</b>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Oec.</span>p.53</span> J., <span class="bibl">Ph. 1.559</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.254 (Strat.), <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>4.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">in Prm.</span>p.479</span> S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> neut. as Adv., <b class="b3">μόνον</b> <b class="b2">alone, only</b>, οὐχ ἅπαξ μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>211</span>, etc.: freq. with imper., μ. φύλαξαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1012</span>; ἀποκρίνου μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>494d</span>; so μ. Κράτος συγγένοιτό σοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>244</span>; μὴ 'μὲ καταπίῃς μ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>219</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐὰν μ</b>. if <b class="b2">only</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1292a3</span>; <b class="b3">οὐσίαν... οὐ χωριστὴν μ</b>. <b class="b2">only</b> not separable, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1025b28</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">οὐ μόνον... ἀλλὰ καὶ</b>… <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Eq.</span> 1282</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.17</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐ μ., ἀλλὰ</b>… <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>555</span>: <b class="b3">μόνον</b> is sts. omitted, μὴ τοὺς ἐγγύς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄπωθεν <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>359</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1480</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">μόνον οὐ</b> <b class="b2">all but, well nigh</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>516</span>, <span class="bibl">D.19.220</span>, etc.; μόνον οὐκ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρουσι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>600d</span>: in codd. freq. written <b class="b3">μονονού</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.109.2</span>, etc.; μονονουχί <span class="bibl">D.1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.102.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ μόνας</b> <b class="b2">alone</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.32</span>, <span class="bibl">37</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.7.38</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1281b34</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">μόνῃ</b>, = [[μόνον]], Plu.2.583d codd. (Prob.from <b class="b3">*μόνϝος</b>.)</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0204.png Seite 204]] ion. u. poet. [[μοῦνος]], dor. [[μῶνος]], <b class="b2">allein</b>, einzeln, einzig; Hom., der nur die ep. Form μοῦνος hat, im Ggstz von δύο, Il. 10, 225, ὁ [[μοῦνος]] ἔην μετὰ [[πέντε]] κασιγνήτῃσιν, der einzige Sohn unter fünf Schwestern, ibd. 317, öfter; [[Ζεύς]] μιν πλεόνεσσι μετ' ἀνδράσι μοῦνον ἐόντα τίμα, 15, 611. – Oft = εἷς, Hes. O. 11; vgl. Schäfer Schol. Par. Ap. Rh. 2, 438; auch εἷς [[μόνος]] od. [[μόνος]] εἷς, Her. 1, 38; Schäf. melet. p. 9; vgl. μία μούνη, Od. 23, 227; auch =<b class="b2"> einsam</b>, verlassen, οὐ τάρβει [[μοῦνος]] ἐών, Il. 4, 388; Od. 3, 217; [[τίς]] με θεῶν ὀλοφύρατο μοῦνον ἐόντα, 10, 157; ἔστα σὺν Ἀχιλλεῖ [[μόνος]], Pind. Ol. 9, 77, [[μόνος]] [[ἄνευ]] στρατιᾶς, N. 3, 33 (vgl. [[μοῦνος]] ἄνευθ' ἄλλων Od. 16, 239); auch μούναν παλαίοισαν [[ἄτερ]] ἐγχέων, P. 9, 28; ἐν μόναις ὠδῖσιν, 9, 88; <b class="b2">ineiner</b> Geburt; so auch bei den Tragg.; κλῇδας [[οἶδα]] δωμάτων μόνη θεῶν, Aesch. Eum. 791; μόνην δὲ μὴ πρόλειπε, Suppl. 729; bei Soph. findet sich die Form [[μοῦνος]] sowohl in lyrischen Stellen als im Trimeter, κεῖται [[μοῦνος]] ἀπ' ἄλλων, Phil. 183, ὡς ὁρᾷ μόνον νιν ἐλλελειμμένον, Bl. 726 u. sonst; φρονεῖν [[μόνος]] δοκεῖ, Ant. 703, φρονεῖν οἶδεν μόνη, Trach. 312; auch σοῦ [[μόνος]], Al. 510; κεῖται [[μοῦνος]] ἀπ' ἄλλων, Phil. 183; vgl. H. h. Merc. 193 u. Ap. Rh. 3, 908; [[μόνος]] μάχεσθαι πολεμίοις [[θέλω]], Eur. Rhes. 488; ἐμοὶ [[μόνος]] μόνῳ μάχῃ συνάψας, Heracl. 807. – Einen superl. μονώτατος bildet Ar. Equ. 352 Plut. 182, auch Theocr. 15, 137, u. in Prosa, Lycurg. 88. 89, was alte Gramm. nicht billigen. – Δία θεῶν καὶ Διόνυσον μόνους σέβονται, Her. 2, 29; [[μόνος]] διαλέγεσθαι πρὸς μόνους ἢ μετ' ἄλλων, Plat. Prot. 316 c; oft tritt noch [[αὐτός]] hinzu, αὐτὼ μόνω ἑστιᾶσθον, Lys. 211 c, lhr beide allein für euch; auch αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτοὺς μόνοι, Polit. 307 e; αὐτὸ καθ' αὑτὸ μόνον [[ἔργον]], an und für sich allein, Tim. 89 d. – Auch = einzig in seiner Art, d. i. <b class="b2">ausgezeichnet</b>, vortrefflich, Iac. add. animadv. in Ath. p. 131. – Adv. μόνως, Xen. Mem. 1, 5, 5 u. öfter, u. Sp. – Häufiger μόνον, allein, bloß, nur, μόνον θεοὶ σώζοιεν ἡμᾶς, Soph. Phil. 524, μὴ μόνον τῷ σώματι, 51, κοὐ λόγῳ δείξω μόνον, Ai. 800; μόνον δήλωσον ὃ φῄς, Plat. Phaedr. 261 d, u. öfter beim imperat., wie unser<b class="b2"> nur</b>, vgl. Aesch. Suppl. 1012 Xen. Mem. 3, 11, 18; μόνον μὴ συγκόψῃς με, conv. 8, 6; μὴ χρώμενον μόνον, wenn er nur nicht anwendet, Plat. Legg. VII, 824 u. sonst überall. Bes. οὐ μόνον – [[ἀλλά]], nicht nur – sondern, wovon sich Beispiele überall finden; auch οὐ μόνον – ἀλλ' [[οὐδέ]], Soph. frg. 663. Zuweilen fehlt es in dieser Vrbdg, οὐ statt οὐ μόνον, Valck. Eur. Phoen. 1489 Hipp. 359. 804, Wolf Lept. p. 292. Auch nach [[ἀλλά]], wie ὅτι οὐ πώποθ' ὁ ποταμὸς διαβατὸς γένοιτο [[πεζῇ]], ἀλλὰ πλοίοισι, sondern nur mit Schiffen, Xen. An. 1, 4, 18, vgl. 3, 2, 13; – μόνον οὐ, wie tantum non, fast, <b class="b2">beinahe</b>, ὥςτε μόνον οὐκ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρουσιν αὐτοὺς οἱ ἑταῖροι, Plat. Rep. X, 600 d; Menex. 235 c; Isocr. 4, 120; häufig bei Sp., wo geradezu μονονού geschrieben wird, Pol. 3, 109, 2 u. öfter; auch [[μονονουχί]], 3, 102, 4. – Κατὰ μόνας, Is. 7, 38 u. A., wird gew. in ein Wort geschrieben; s. oben [[καταμόνας]].