ῥίζα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ης, ἡ: Ion. nom. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ῥίζη Hp. ap. Erot., acc. ῥίζην <span class="bibl">Marc.Sid.89</span> (before a vowel), but ῥίζαν <span class="bibl">Il.11.846</span> (whence Ion. nom. <b class="b3">ῥίζα</b> may be inferred):—[[root]], <span class="bibl">Od.10.304</span>, <span class="bibl">23.196</span>, etc.; used as a medicine, <span class="bibl">Il.11.846</span>; <b class="b3">ῥ. ἐλατήριος</b>, of a purgative medicine, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>5.34</span>: mostly in pl., [[roots]], <span class="bibl">Il.12.134</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.435</span>, etc.; δένδρεα μακρὰ αὐτῇσιν ῥίζησι <span class="bibl">Il.9.542</span>: hence </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b2">roots of the eye</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.390</span> (but <b class="b3">ῥίζας ἐν ὄσσοις αἱματῶπας</b> in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>933</span> prob. bloodshot [[streaks]]); the [[roots]] or [[foundations]] of the earth, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>19</span>; χθόνα . . αὐταῖς ῥ. πνεῦμα κραδαίνοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1047</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ἰπούμενος ῥίζαισιν Αἰτναίαις ὕπο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">367</span>; of feathers, hair, etc., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>251b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>518b14</span>; of the teeth, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>789a13</span>; γαστρὸς ῥ. ὀμφαλός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>493a18</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">τὸν πόλεμον ἐκ ῥιζῶν ἀνῄρηκε</b> 'root and branch', <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>21</span>, cf. Heraclid. Pont. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.12.523f</span>; ἐκ ῥιζῶν ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jb.</span>31.12</span>; cf. <b class="b3">ῥιζόθεν, πρόρριζος</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">that from which anything springs as from a root</b>, <b class="b3">ῥίζαν ἀπείρου τρίταν</b> a third continental [[foundation]], of Libya, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.8</span>; <b class="b3">ἀστέων ῥ</b>., of Cyrene, as the [[root]] or [[original]] of the Cyrenaic Pentapolis, ib.<span class="bibl">4.15</span>; [[root]] or [[stock]] from which a family springs, ῥ. σπέρματος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>2.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>8(7).61</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>966</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1178</span>, etc.; so, <b class="b2">race, family</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>755</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>610</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>383.31 (Nemrud Dagh, i B.C.), etc.; συκοφάντου . . σπέρμα καὶ ῥ. <span class="bibl">D.25.48</span>; <b class="b2">sect, party</b>, <span class="bibl">Jul. <span class="title">Gal.</span>106e</span>; also ῥ. κακῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>912.11</span> (anap.); ἀρχὴ καὶ ῥ. παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>409</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Ti.</span>6.10</span>; πηγὴ καὶ ῥ. καλοκἀγαθίας Plu. 2.4c; ἀρχαὶ καὶ ῥ. γῆς καὶ θαλάττης <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>353b1</span>, etc.; cf. ῥίζωμα <span class="bibl">11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">base, foundation</b>, <b class="b3">ῥ. πάντων καὶ βάσις ἁ γᾶ ἐρήρεισται</b> Ti. Locr.<span class="bibl">97e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>81c</span>; [[base]] of a vertical pillar, <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">Hyp.</span>3.23</span>; τῶν λόφων <span class="bibl">Onos.10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> Math., [[root]] or [[base]] of a series, Anatolius ap.<span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>9. (Aeol. βρίζα (q.v.): cf. Goth. [[waúrts]], Lat. [[radix]].) </span>