κηρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">bees-wax</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.48</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.27</span>, etc.; [[honeycomb]], <span class="bibl">Id.20.27</span>; εὐπλαστότερον κηροῦ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>588d</span>; used as a cosmetic, <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">Ep.</span>22</span>; in encaustic painting, <span class="title">IG</span>42 (1).102.272 (Epid., iv B.C.), 14.1320; for writing tablets, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>736.16</span> (i A.D.), etc.: hence λόγους εἰς γραμμάτιον καὶ κηρὸν ἐρχομένους <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>886.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">sealing-wax</b>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">κ. Τυρρηνικός</b> <b class="b2">white wax</b> used in medicine, Gal.13.411, Dsc.1.70. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> pl.<b class="b3">κηροί</b> <b class="b2">wax tapers</b>, <span class="bibl">Hld.9.11</span>. (Panhellenic η, <span class="title">IG</span>42.l.c., Theoc.Il.cc., cf. <b class="b3">κήρινος, κηρόδετος, κηροχυτέω</b>; Lat. [[cera]].) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[wax]] (Od.).<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e. g. in <b class="b3">κηρό-δε-τος</b> [[with wax fitted together]] (Theoc. a. o.), <b class="b3">κηρο-πλάσ-της</b> <b class="b2">wax-sculptor</b> (Pl.), <b class="b3">κηρο-τακ-ίς</b> f. "hot plate", (to keep wax paints hot) (PHolm. 6, 33; cf. Lagercrantz ad loc.); as 2. member e. g. in <b class="b3">πισσό-κηρος</b> m. <b class="b2">propolis, a mix of resin and wax, with which bees line their hives, bee-bread</b> (Arist., Plin.; beside it <b class="b3">κηρό-πισσος</b> [[ointment from wax and resin]] [Hp.], cf. Risch IF 59, 58), <b class="b3">μελί-κηρος</b> <b class="b2">bee-wax</b> (pap.); beside it: <b class="b3">μελι-κήρ-ιον</b> [[honeycomb]] (Sm.), <b class="b3">μελι-κηρ-ίς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, metaph. <b class="b2">cyst or wen</b> (which resembles a honeycomb) (Hp., pap.), <b class="b3">μελί-κηρα</b> f. [[spawn of the murex]] (Arist.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">κηρίον</b> <b class="b2">wax-cake, honeycomb</b> (IA. h. Merc. 559; Zumbach Neuerungen 11) with <b class="b3">κηρίδιον</b> (Aët.), <b class="b3">κηριώδης</b> <b class="b2">honeycomb-like</b> (Thphr.), <b class="b3">κηρίωμα</b> <b class="b2">tearing eyes</b> (S. Fr. 715), <b class="b3">κηριάζω</b> [[spawn]], of the purple (snail), as its spawn resembles a honeycomb (Arist.). - 2. <b class="b3">κήρινος</b> <b class="b2">of wax</b> (Alcm., Att.) with <b class="b3">κηρίνη</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔμπλαστρος</b>) name of a plaster (medic.); 3. <b class="b3">κήρινθος</b> m. <b class="b2">bee-bread</b> (Arist., Plin., H.; on the identical GN s. v. Blumenthal ZONF 13, 251); 4. <b class="b3">κηρίων</b>, <b class="b3">-ωνος</b> <b class="b2">wax-candle, -torch</b> (Plu., Gal.; Chantraine Formation 165, Schwyzer 487); 5. <b class="b3">κηρών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> <b class="b2">bee-hive</b> (sch.); 6. <b class="b3">κηρίς</b> fish-name = <b class="b3">κιρρίς</b>? (Diph. Siph., Alex. Trall.; s. [[κιρρός]]), prob. after the yellow colour; cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 20f., Thompson Fishes s. v.; 7. <b class="b3">κηρῖτις</b> (<b class="b3">λίθος</b>) <b class="b2">wax-like stone</b> (Plin. HN 37, 153: "cerae similis"; Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 55); 8. <b class="b3">*κηροῦσσα</b> in Lat. [[cērussa]] <b class="b2">white-lead</b> ( Plaut.; cf. W.-Hofmann s. v. and Friedmann Die jon. u. att. Wörter im Altlatein 94f.). - Denominative verbs: 1. <b class="b3">κηρόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">be covered with wax resp. cover</b> (Hp., Herod., AP ) with <b class="b3">κήρωσις</b> <b class="b2">bee-wax</b> (Arist.); <b class="b3">κήρωμα</b> <b class="b2">wax-ointment, -plaster</b> (Hp.; cf. Chantraine Formation 186f., Lat. [[cērōma]]), <b class="b3">-ματικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ματίτης</b>, <b class="b3">-ματιστής</b> (Redard 47); <b class="b3">κηρωτή</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., Ar., Dsc.) with <b class="b3">κηρωτάριον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (medic.); 2. <b class="b3">κηρίζω</b> <b class="b2">look like wax</b> (Zos. Alch.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: The connexion by Curtius 149 with a Baltic word for [[honeycomb]], Lith. <b class="b2">korỹs</b>, Latv. <b class="b2">kâre(s</b>), is rejected or doubted by several scholars (Osthoff Etym. parerga 1, 18ff., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">korỹs</b>, Specht Ursprung 52). As a Dor. <b class="b3">*καρός</b> cannot be shown (Osthoff l. c.) and as borrowing of IA. <b class="b3">κηρός</b> in another language cannot be demonstrated, the comparison seems impossible (Lith. has IE.[[ā]], the Greek form [[e]]). As further for the Indoeuropeans bee-culture can hardly be expected (on IE. names for the products of bees s. on [[μέλι]] and [[μέθυ]]), one must reckon for <b class="b3">κηρός</b> with foreign origin (cf. Haupt Actes du 16éme congr. des orientalistes [1912] 84f., Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 140f., Chantraine Formation 371, Deroy Glotta 35, 190, Alessio Studi etr. 19, 161ff., Belardi Doxa 3, 210). - From <b class="b3">κηρός</b> prob. as LW [loanword] Lat. [[cēra]] (<b class="b2">-a</b> after [[tabella]], [[crēta]]; details in W.-Hofmann s. v.); from Lat. [[cēreolus]] Gr. <b class="b3">κηρίολος</b> <b class="b2">wax-candle</b> (Ephesos IIp). The word <b class="b3">κήρινθος</b> <b class="b2">bee-bread</b> seems Pre-Greek. Wrong Huld in EIEC 637