ἵκω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[come]], [[reach]] (Hom., Pi. Dor. Arc.)<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ἱκάνω</b> (ep.), <b class="b3">ἱκνέομαι</b> (Od., almost only with prefix, s. below), aor. <b class="b3">ἱκέσθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ἵξομαι</b> (Il.) with aor. <b class="b3">ἷξε</b>, <b class="b3">ἷξον</b> (Schwyzer 788, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 418f., Leumann Glotta 32, 213), perf. <b class="b3">ἷγμαι</b> (Od.).<br />Compounds: Often, in prose almost always with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἀφ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b> (with <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-αφ-ικνέομαι</b> a. o.), also <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-</b> a. o. (s. Fraenkel Glotta 35, 88ff.)<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ἵξις</b> (<b class="b3">ἴξις</b>) [[passage through]], [[direction]] (Hp.), from <b class="b3">ἀφικνέομαι</b> etc. <b class="b3">ἄφιξις</b> [[arrival]] (IA), rare <b class="b3">ἔφ-</b>, <b class="b3">κάθ-</b>, <b class="b3">δί-ιξις</b>; 2. <b class="b3">ἵκτωρ</b>, <b class="b3">ἱκτήρ</b> = <b class="b3">ἱκέτης</b>, <b class="b3">ἱκέσιος</b>, also <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀφ-ίκτωρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, (trag.) with <b class="b3">ἱκτήριος</b> (S.); on a semantic differentiation Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; 3. <b class="b3">ἱκέτης</b> with <b class="b3">ἱκετεύω</b> etc. s. v.; beside it (<b class="b3">προσ-)ἵκτης</b> (hell. poetry); 4. <b class="b3">πόθ-ικ-ες</b> pl. [[προσήκοντες]], [[relatives]] (Tegea Va); 5. <b class="b3">ἱκανός</b> [[enough]] (IA prose), cf. <b class="b3">πιθανός</b> a. o. (Chantr. Form. 196f.); s. also <b class="b3">ἴκμενος</b>, <b class="b3">προίξ</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [893] <b class="b2">*seik-</b> reach, grasp (with the hand)<br />Etymology: Beside the longvowel active thematic root-present <b class="b3">ἵκω</b> (orig. perfect? Wackernagel Glotta 14, 56ff.) stands the shortvowel medial thematic root-aorist <b class="b3">ἱκέσθαι</b>; shortvowel have also active <b class="b3">ἱκάνω</b> < <b class="b3">*ἱκ-αν-Ϝω</b> (after <b class="b3">φθάνω</b>, <b class="b3">κιχάνω</b>, Schwyzer 698 w. n. 3) and medial <b class="b3">ἱκνέομαι</b> (Schwyzer 696a, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 352f.), also <b class="b3">ἱκανός</b> and other nominal formations. The full grade occurs in the semantically deviant <b class="b3">ἐν-εῖκαι</b> [[bring away]] (s. v.) (Brugmann Grundr.2 2 : 3, 92); beside it stand longvowel forms not only in <b class="b3">ἵκω</b>, but also in <b class="b3">ἥκω</b> (s. v.). One earlier assumed longdiphthong forms [[ēi]] : [[ī]] , which is now rejected. - An acceptable connection gives Lith. <b class="b2">siékiu</b>, <b class="b2">siékti</b> <b class="b2">reach with the hand, swear</b>, <b class="b2">at-siékiu</b> [[reach with the hand]] (Fick GGA 1891, 207), IE <b class="b2">seik-</b>, <b class="b2">sik-</b> (Bq, Pok. 893); Schmid IF 62, 229 n. 41 recalls Toch. B <b class="b2">sik-naṃ</b>, subbj. <b class="b2">saikaṃ</b> <b class="b2">set a foot</b>; the longvowel forms can be morphological reations of Greek.