οὖς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(nom. sg. freq. in <span class="title">IG</span>Il(2).161 <span class="title">B</span>126, al. (Delos, iii B. C.), v. sub fin.), τό, gen. <b class="b3">ὠτός</b>, dat. <b class="b3">ὠτί</b>: pl. nom. <b class="b3">ὦτα</b>, gen. <b class="b3">ὤτων</b>, dat. <b class="b3">ὠσί</b> (<b class="b3">ὤτοις</b> condemned by Phryn.186):—Hom. has only acc. sg. and dat. pl. (v. infr.); the other cases he forms as if from <b class="b3">οὖας</b> (which is found in <span class="bibl">Simon.37.14</span>), gen. <b class="b3">οὔατος</b>, pl. nom. and acc. <b class="b3">οὔατα</b> (also in <span class="bibl">Epich.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>8</span>,al., <span class="title">SIG</span>1025.62 (Cos, iv/iii B. C.)), dat. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> οὔασι <span class="bibl">Il.12.442</span> (ὠσίν <span class="bibl">Od.12.200</span>): Hellenistic nom. sg. ὦς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.33</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span>1.12.29</span>, <span class="bibl">2.15</span> ii I (ii B. C.), <span class="title">IG</span>7.3498.19 (Oropus, ii B. C.), Roussel [[Cultes Egyptiens]] 217 (Delos, ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PStrassb.</span>87.14</span> (ii B. C.): also Dor. ὦς <span class="bibl">Theoc.11.32</span>; pl.<b class="b3">ὤϝαθ'</b> cj. for <b class="b3">ὦτά θ'</b> in <span class="bibl">Alcm.41</span>:—[[ear]], Ἄντιφον αὖ παρὰ οὖς ἔλασε ξίφει <span class="bibl">Il.11.109</span>; [κηρὸν] ἐπ' ὠσὶν ἄλειψ' Od. l.c.; <b class="b3">αἲ γὰρ δή μοι ἀπ' οὔατος ὧδε γένοιτο</b> oh may I never hear of such a thing! <span class="bibl">Il.18.272</span>; αἲ γὰρ ἀπ' οὔατος εἴη <span class="bibl">22.454</span>; ἀμφὶ κτύπος οὔατα βάλλει <span class="bibl">10.535</span>; <b class="b3">ὀρθὰ ἱστάναι τὰ ὦτα</b>, of horses, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.129</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>27</span>, etc.; ἐν τοῖσι ὠσὶ… οἰκέει ὁ θυμός <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.39</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">1.8</span>; <b class="b3">βοᾷ ἐν ὠσὶ κέλαδος</b> rings in [[the ear]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>605</span>; φθόγγος βάλλει δι' ὤτων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1188</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>56</span> (lyr.); δι' ὠτὸς παῦρα ἐννέπειν πρός τινα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 1437</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὀξὺν δι' ὤτων κέλαδον ἐνσείσας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">737</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>1387</span>; δι' ὤτων ἦν λόγος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1139</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>294</span>, <span class="bibl">566</span>; so ἁμῖν τοῦτο δι' ὠτὸς ἔγεντο <span class="bibl">Theoc.14.27</span>; λόγους ψιθύρους εἰς ὦτα φέρει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>149</span> (anap.); εἰς οὖς ἑκάστῳ… ηὔδα λόγους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1091</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>932</span>; προσκύψας μοι μικρὸν πρὸς τὸ οὖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span> 275e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπ'</b> (<b class="b3">ἐς</b> cj. Dawes) οὔατα λάθριος εἶπεν <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Ap.</span>105</span>; reversely, <b class="b3">παρέχειν τὰ ὦτα</b> to lend the [[ears]], i. e. to attend, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>396d</span>, etc.; so ἐπισχέσθαι τὰ ὦτα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>216a</span>; παραβάλλειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>531a</span>, cf. Call.<b class="b2">Fr. anon</b>.<span class="bibl">375</span>; τὰ ὦτα ἐξεπετάννυτο <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1347</span>; ὦτα χορηγεῖν Plu.2.232f; <b class="b3">ἀποκλείειν τὰ ὦτα</b> ib.143f; <b class="b3">οἱ ὦτα ἔχοντες</b> those who have [[ears]] to hear, ib. 1113c: metaph., of spies in Persia, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.2.10s</span>q., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ind.</span>23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1287b30</span>; τὸ τῶν λεγομένων ὤτων καὶ προσαγωγέων γένος Plu.2.522f; <b class="b3">τὰ ὦτα ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων ἔχοντες</b>, of persons who slink away ashamed (hanging their ears like dogs), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>613c</span>: prov., v. [[λύκος; τεθλασμένος οὔατα πυγμαῖς]], of a boxer, <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.45</span> (cf. [[ὠτοκάταξις]]) <b class="b3">; ἐπ' ἀμφότερα τὰ ὦτα καθεύδειν</b> sleep [[soundly]], Aeschin. Socr.54 D. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> from resemblance to [[an ear]], </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[handle]], esp. of pitchers, cups, etc., οὔατα δ' αὐτοῦ τέσσαρ' ἔσαν <span class="bibl">Il.11.633</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.378</span>, Bion ap. Plu.2.536a, <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).161 <span class="title">B</span>126 (Delos, iii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Spir.</span>2.23</span>, Dsc.5.87; [ποτήριον] ὦτα συντεθλασμένον <span class="bibl">Alex.270.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Archit., = [[παρωτίς]] <span class="bibl">4</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.372.201, cf. 319.6. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">οὖς Ἀφροδίτης</b>, a kind of <b class="b2">shell-fish</b>, Antig.Car. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.3.88a</span>; <b class="b3">οὖς θαλάττιον</b>, = [[ἀγρία λεπάς]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>529b16</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">τὰ ὦτα</b> (οὔατα Hp.) <b class="b3">τῆς καρδίας</b> the [[auricles]] of the heart, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>8</span>, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>6.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.615K.</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> name of part of a bandage, Heraclas ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.48.15</span> tit. [Written <b class="b3">ὀ̄ς</b> in <span class="title">IG</span>12. Il.cc.] (Cogn. with Lat. [[auris]], Lith. [[ausìs]], OE. [[éar]], etc.; details obscure; nom. sg. <b class="b3">οὖς</b> perh. from <b class="b3">*ο(ϝ)ος</b> (contained in <b class="b3">ἀμφώης</b>).)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[ear]]; metaph. [[handle]](Il.; IA).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ὦς</b> (Theoc., hell.). Gen. <b class="b3">ὠτός</b>, nom. acc. pl. <b class="b3">ὦτα</b> etc. (IA.), <b class="b3">οὔατος</b>, <b class="b3">-ατα</b> etc., with n. a. sg. <b class="b3">οὖας</b> (Simon.); besides <b class="b3">ἆτα</b> (cod. <b class="b3">ἄτα</b>) <b class="b3">ὦτα</b>. <b class="b3">Ταραντῖνοι</b> H.; prob. also sg. <b class="b3">αὖς</b> (Paul. Fest. 100, 4; Wackernagel IF 45, 312ff. = Kl. Schr. 2, 1252ff.); further details on the inflection in Schwyzer 520.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[anowoto]]; also [[anowe]] like <b class="b3">ἀμφ-ώης</b> [[with two ears or handles]] (Theoc.; <b class="b3">ἄμφ-ωτος</b> Od.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὠτ-ακουστέω</b> <b class="b2">to eavesdrop, to listen, to attend</b> (Hdt., X., D., Plb.), compound of <b class="b3">ὠτὶ ἀκουστόν</b> (opposite <b class="b3">ἀν-ηκουστέω</b> : <b class="b3">οὑκ ἀκουστόν</b>; cf. <b class="b3">ἀμνηστέω</b> and Schwyzer 726; not correct Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 68), with <b class="b3">ὠτακουστής</b> m. [[eavesdropper]], [[listener]] (Arist.); <b class="b3">ἀν-ούατος</b> <b class="b2">without ears, without handles</b> (Theoc.), <b class="b3">ἄ-ωτος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Philet., Plu.); <b class="b3">μυόσ-ωτ-ον</b> (<b class="b3">μύ-ωτον</b>) n., <b class="b3">-ίς</b> f. "mouse-ear" (the plant) [[madwort]], [[Asperugo]], from <b class="b3">μυὸς ὦτα</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Dsc.; Strömberg Pfl.namen 42). On <b class="b3">λαγώς</b> s. v.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὠτ-ίον</b> n. [[handle]], [[ear]] (Theopomp. Com., LXX, NT), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (com. IVa); <b class="b3">οὑατ-όεις</b> [[with ears]], [[handles]] (Simon., Call.; also in Hom. a. Hes. for <b class="b3">ὠτώεις</b> to be reconstructed; Wackernagel Unt. 168f.), <b class="b3">ὠτ-ικός</b> [[belonging to the ear]] (Gal., Dsc.). Also <b class="b3">ὠτ-ίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> f. [[bustard]] (X., Arist.; after the cheek-plumes or the tuft?; Thompson Birds s.v.); besides <b class="b3">ὦτ-ος</b> m. [[eared owl]] (Arist.; after the ear-plumes). -- On [[ἐνῴδιον]], [[ἐνώτιον]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [785] <b class="b2">*h₂(e\/o)us-</b> [[ear]].<br />Etymology: The pair <b class="b3">οὖς</b>, <b class="b3">ὦς</b> (cf. <b class="b3">βοῦς</b>, <b class="b3">βῶς</b>) can be derived from IE <b class="b2">*ōus</b>; Lat. <b class="b2">aur-is</b>, <b class="b2">aus-cultō</b> a.o. contain an <b class="b2">e-</b>grade (<b class="b2">*h₂eus-</b>), which may also be found in <b class="b3">ἆτα</b> from <b class="b3">*αὔσ-ατα</b>; s. also on <b class="b3">ἀάνθα</b>. To be noted old Att. <b class="b3">ΟΣ</b>, which seems to point to a contraction; one wanted to construct (since J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 407) a basis <b class="b2">*ous-os</b>, for which a support was seen in OCS [[ucho]] n. [[ear]], gen. <b class="b2">ušes-e</b> ; but it is also possible to read <b class="b3">ὦς</b> (after <b class="b3">ὠτός</b> etc.). The other forms can without problem be derived from IE <b class="b2">*ōus-n-tos</b> etc. with diff. phonetic developments, s. the extensive treatment in Schwyzer 520 a. 348, WP. 1,18 w. rich lit. The in <b class="b3">οὔ-α-τος</b> incorporated <b class="b2">n-</b>enlargement is also found in Arm. <b class="b2">un-kn</b> (with <b class="b2">-kn</b> after [[akn]] [[eye]]; so not comparable with <b class="b3">ὠκίδες ἐνώτια</b> H.) and in Germ., e.g. Goth. [[auso]], <b class="b2">ausin-s</b>. -- From the further forms are especially notable the old duals Av. <b class="b2">uš-i</b> (IE <b class="b2">*h₂us-ī</b>, with zero grade); OCS <b class="b2">uš-ī</b> (IE <b class="b2">*h₂us-ī</b> ). Further details from diff. languages w. rich lit. in WP. (s. ab.), Pok. 785, W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[auris]], Vasmer s. <b class="b2">úcho</b>; older lit. also in Bq. -- (See also [[παρειαί]], <b class="b3">παρήϊον</b>; not here [[ἀκούω]], [[ἀκροάομαι]].)