σπήλαιον: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[cave]], [[cavern]] (Pl., LXX, NT a. o.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">σπηλαιώδης</b> <b class="b2">cave-like</b>, <b class="b3">-αΐτης</b> m. [[god of caves]] (Paus.), <b class="b3">-άδιον</b> n. (Theopomp. Com.; after the dimin. in <b class="b3">-άδιον</b>; not <b class="b3">-ᾳδιον</b>; cf. Hdn. Gr. 2, 488, 12). -- Beside it <b class="b3">σπῆλυγξ</b>, <b class="b3">-υγγος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist., Theoc., A. R. a.o.) with <b class="b3">σπηλυγγ-ώδης</b> (EM), <b class="b3">-οειδής</b> (sch.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)<br />Etymology: Both <b class="b3">σπήλαιον</b> and <b class="b3">σπῆλυγξ</b> are clearly enlarging transformations of one and the same basic word after diff. examples: with <b class="b3">σπῆλυγξ</b> cf. the semantically close <b class="b3">σῆραγξ</b>, <b class="b3">φάραγξ</b>, also <b class="b3">φάρυγξ</b>, <b class="b3">λάρυγξ</b>; <b class="b3">σπήλαιον</b> after <b class="b3">κατά-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπό-γαιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ον</b>? The basic <b class="b3">λ-</b>stem can be in the same relation to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem in <b class="b3">σπέος</b> as e.g. <b class="b3">νεφ-έλη</b> to <b class="b3">νέφ-ος</b>. Further unclear; quite doubtful hypotheses w. lit. in Bq s. v., WP. 2, 680, W.-Hofmann s. [[spīrō]]. -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[spēlaeum]] and [[spēlunca]] (s. W.-Hofmann s.v. and Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 60f.); Alb. LW [loanword] <b class="b2">shpellë</b> [[rock]], [[cave]] (Pisani Jb. f. kleinas. Forsch. 3, 152). - Furnée 123 reconstructs a <b class="b3">*σπῆλυξ</b>. <b class="b3">-υκος</b> from Lat. <b class="b2">*speluca</b>. He further adduces <b class="b3">πῆλυξ</b> = <b class="b3">ῥαγάς</b> (H., Phot.). He also reminds of Etr. <b class="b2">śpel(a)</b> <b class="b2">cave, tomb`</b>. The word is no doubt Pre-Greek (note the prenasalization and the suffix <b class="b3">-υγγ-</b>).