εἴκω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> to [[be like]], [[seem likely]], v. [[ἔοικα]].</span><span class=head>εἴκω</span><span class="bld">εἴκω</span>, <span class="bibl">Il. 12.48</span>, etc.: impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> εἶκον <span class="bibl">16.305</span> (<b class="b3">ὑπό</b>-), <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.3</span>: fut. εἴξω <span class="bibl">Th. 1.141</span>, etc.: aor. 1 εἶξα <span class="bibl">Il. 24.718</span>, etc., poet. <b class="b3">ἔειξα</b> or ἔϝειξα <span class="bibl">Alcm. 31</span>, Ion. εἴξασκε <span class="bibl">Od.5.332</span>: pf. part. <b class="b3">ἐεικώς</b> <span class="title">Chron.Lind.</span> D.96:—[[give way]], [[retire]], ὀπίσσω εἴκετε <span class="bibl">Il.5.606</span>; ὅππῃ τ' ἰθύσῃ τῇ τ' εἴκουσι στίχες ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">12.48</span>: c. dat., [[make way for]], οὐρεῦσι <span class="bibl">24.716</span>; [[yield]] to pressure, Gal. 18(1).97. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. dat. pers. et gen. loci, <b class="b3">μηδ' εἴκετε χάρμης Ἀργείοις</b> [[shrink]] not [[from]] the fight for them, 4.509; εἴκειν τινὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt. 2.80</span>; εἴξατέ μοι νίκης <span class="bibl">Coluth. 171</span>: c. gen. only, <b class="b3">εἴκειν πολέμου καὶ δηϊοτῆτος</b> [[withdraw from]] war and strife, <span class="bibl">Il.5.348</span>; <b class="b3">εἶκε, γέρον, προθύρου</b> [[retire from]] the door, <span class="bibl">Od.18.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>2.67b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[give way]], as a mark of honour, <span class="bibl">Il.24.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.14</span>; τῇ πατρίδι <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>8.246a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[give way to]] any passion or impulse, ᾧ θυμῷ εἴξας <span class="bibl">Il.9.598</span>; ὄκνῳ καὶ ἀφραδίῃσι <span class="bibl">10.122</span>; ὕβρει <span class="bibl">Od.14.262</span>; <b class="b3">βίῃ καὶ κάρτεϊ εἴκειν</b> [[give full play to]] one's might and strength, <span class="bibl">13.143</span>; ὀργῇ δ' εἶξα μᾶλλον ἤ μ' ἐχρῆν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>80</span>; τῇ ἡλικίῃ εἴκειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.18</span>; of circumstances, πενίῃ εἴκων <span class="bibl">Od.14.157</span>; κακοῖς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>322</span>; ἀνάγκῃ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1071</span>; ξυμφοραῖς <span class="bibl">Th.1.84</span>; <b class="b3">ζημίαις</b> [[to the force of]] punishment, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.21</span>:—in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>718</span> <b class="b3">θυμοῦ</b> shd. prob. be read for <b class="b3">θυμῷ</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">εἴκειν τινί τι</b> [[yield to]] another [[in]] a thing, <b class="b3">τὸ ὃν μένος οὐδενὶ εἴκων</b> [[inferior to]] none [[in]]... <span class="bibl">Il. 22.459</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.515</span>: c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">εἴκοντας ἃ δεῖ</b> [[yielding]] in... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 172</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>1243</span>: also c. dupl. dat., <b class="b3">ἕλεσκον ἀνδρῶν… ὅ τέ μοι εἴξειε πόδεσσι</b> whoever [[was inferior to]] me [[in]] swiftness of foot, <span class="bibl">Od. 14.221</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> c. gen., [[retire from]], <b class="b3">ἰερατείας</b> <span class="title">Chron.Lind.</span>l.c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> trans., [[yield up]], [[give up]], <b class="b3">εἶξαί τέ οἱ ἡνία</b> [[give]] [the horse] the rein, <span class="bibl">Il.23.337</span>; <b class="b3">Εὖρος Ζεφύρῳ εἴξασκε διώκειν</b> [[gave up]] [the ship] to Zephyrus to chase, <span class="bibl">Od.5.332</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[grant]], [[allow]], ὁπηνίκ' ἂν θεὸς πλοῦν ἡμὶν εἴκῃ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>465</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> impers., [[it is allowable]] or [[possible]], ὅπῃ εἴξειε μάλιστα <span class="bibl">Il.22.321</span>: c. inf., ὅθι σφίσιν εἶκε λοχῆσαι <span class="bibl">18.520</span>; φώναισ' οὐδὲν ἔτ' εἴκει Sapph.2.8; <b class="b3">φερόμενοι πρὸς τὸ εἶκον</b> attacking on the [[line of least resistance]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Fab.</span>16</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[give way]], [[yield]].<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">εἶξαι</b> (<b class="b3">ἔ(Ϝ)ειξε</b> Alkm., <b class="b3">γῖξαι</b> [i. e. <b class="b3">Ϝεῖξαι</b>] <b class="b3">χωρῆσαι</b> H.), fut. <b class="b3">εἴξω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> (Il.; cf. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 229f.), perf. ptc. <b class="b3">ἐεικώς</b> (Chron. Lind.)<br />Compounds: With prefix: <b class="b3">ὑπ(ο</b>)-, <b class="b3">παρ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-είκω</b> a. o. Lengthened form. (<b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>, <b class="b3">παρ)εἰκάθειν</b> or <b class="b3">-θεῖν</b> (S., Pl.; Schwyzer 703 n. 6).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὕπειξις</b> [[yielding]] (Pl.; vgl. Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">σις</b> 164; <b class="b3">εἶξις</b> Plu.) with <b class="b3">ὑπεικτικός</b> (Arist.; <b class="b3">εἰκτικός</b> Phld.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1130] <b class="b2">*ueik\/g-</b> [[give way]], [[yield]]<br />Etymology: Among the many verbs based on IE. <b class="b2">u̯eik-</b> (WP. 1, 232ff.; s. also W.-Hofmann s. [[vicis]] und [[vincō]]) there is no semantically convincing connection. Semantically agrees to <b class="b3">(Ϝ)είκω</b> Skt. <b class="b2">vijáte</b> (younger [[vejate]]) [[fly]], [[give way]] and Germ. pres, e. g. OS. [[wīcan]], OHG [[wīhhan]] <b class="b2">weichen etc.</b>, both from IE <b class="b2">*u̯eig-</b>, not <b class="b2">u̯eik-</b> as in <b class="b3">(Ϝ)είκω</b>. The variation may be due to assimilation to consonantic endings; cf. the Skt. aorist forms [[vik-thās]], [[vik-ta]] . S. also [[ἐπίεικτος]].