μαίνομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> μᾰνοῦμαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.109</span>, μᾰνήσομαι <span class="title">AP</span>11.216 (Lucill.), <span class="bibl">D.L.7.118</span> (neither found in Att.): pf. with pres. sense μέμηνα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 977</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>879</span>, Ar.Byz. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.13.586f</span>; Dor. <b class="b3">μέμηνα</b> dub. in <span class="bibl">Alcm. 68</span>; also in pass. form <b class="b3">μεμάνημαι [ᾰ</b>] <span class="bibl">Theoc.10.31</span>: aor. Pass. <b class="b3">ἐμάνην</b>, part. <b class="b3">μᾰνείς</b>, inf. <b class="b3">μᾰνῆναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.30</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1295</span>: also aor. Med. ἐμηνάμην <span class="bibl"><span class="title">CPHerm.</span>7.18</span> (iii A. D.); poet. 2sg. <b class="b3">ἐμήναο</b> prob. in <span class="bibl">Bion 1.61</span>, 3sg. μήνατο <span class="bibl">Theoc.20.34</span>; part. μηνάμενος <span class="title">AP</span>9.35 (Antiphil.):—on the act. forms, v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>.—Hom. uses only pres. and impf.:—[[rage]], [[be furious]], in Il. freq. of martial rage, μαίνεσθαι ἐάσομεν οὖλον Ἄρηα <span class="bibl">5.717</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.101</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.350</span>, etc.; χεῖρες ἄαπτοι μαίνονται <span class="bibl">Il.16.245</span>; <b class="b3">μαίνεται ἐγχείη ἀπὸ λοιγὸν ἀμῦναι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">75</span>; δόρυ μαίνεται ἐν παλάμῃσιν <span class="bibl">8.111</span>; [[rage with anger]], <b class="b3">πατὴρ… φρεσὶ μαίνεται οὐκ ἀγαθῇσι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">360</span>; <b class="b3">ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μ. ἦτορ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">413</span>; φρεσὶ μαινομένῃσιν <span class="bibl">24.114</span>; μαινομένᾳ κραδίᾳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 781</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>432</span> (both lyr.); μανείσᾳ πραπίδι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>999</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ μανείς</b> [[the madman]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>726</span>; μ. καὶ παραπαίω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>173e</span>, etc.; αἱ τῶν μεμηνότων αἰσθήσεις Aristocl. ap. <span class="bibl">Eus.<span class="title">PE</span>14.20</span>; to [[be mad]] with wine, <span class="bibl">Od. 18.406</span>, <span class="bibl">21.298</span>; μεμηνότες ὑπὸ τοῦ ποτοῦ <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>18.2</span>; of Bacchic frenzy, μαινόμενος Διώνυσος <span class="bibl">Il.6.132</span>; [Θυιάδες] μαινόμεναι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 1152</span> (lyr.); Διονύσῳ μαίνεσθαι <span class="bibl">Paus.2.7.5</span>; ἐπὶ τῷ Δ. <span class="bibl">Alex.223</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ μ</b>. <b class="b2">to be inspired by... driven mad by</b>... <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.79</span>, cf. <b class="b3">μάντις; τὸ μαίνεσθαι</b> [[madness]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1537</span>; <b class="b3">πλεῖν ἢ μαίνομαι</b> I [[am beside myself]] with joy, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>103</span>, <span class="bibl">751</span>; of madness in animals, Plu.2.641c, al.; later simply, = [[ὀργίζομαι]], μαινόμενος ὅτι… <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>41.11</span> (iii B. C.): freq. with words of manner, ὁ δὲ μαίνεται οὐκέτ' ἀνεκτῶς <span class="bibl">Il.8.355</span>; τάδε μαίνεται <span class="bibl">5.185</span>: c. acc. cogn., μεμηνότ' οὐ σμικρὰν νόσον A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> l. c.; μ. μανίας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>793</span>; μ. μανίαν ἐρρωμένην <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ind.</span>22</span>: c. dat., μ. γόοισι φρήν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>967</span> (lyr.); τόλμῃ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.24</span>; <b class="b3">πόνοις</b> [[at]] or [[because of]]... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>562</span> (lyr.); τοῖς εὑρήμασιν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>465</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπί τινι</b> (sc. <b class="b3">φιλοτιμίᾳ</b>) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>535</span> (but <b class="b3">ἐπί τινι</b>, of love, <span class="bibl">Theoc.10.31</span>); ἀμφί τινι <span class="bibl">Semon.7.33</span>; εἰς τὴν ποιητικήν <span class="bibl">D.S.14.109</span>; κατά τινος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Abd.</span> 1</span>; ὑφ' ἡδονῆς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1153</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of things, [[rage]], [[riot]], esp. of fire, ὡς ὅτ'… ὀλοὸν πῦρ οὔρεσι μαίνηται <span class="bibl">Il.15.606</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Tryph.230</span>; <b class="b3">μαινόμενος οἶνος</b> a [[hot]], [[strong]] wine, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>773d</span>; of feelings, <b class="b3">ἐλπὶς μαινομένη</b> Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.77</span>; ἔρις <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>935</span> (lyr.); ἄχεα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>957</span> (lyr.); μαινομένᾳ ξὺν ὁρμᾷ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>135</span> (lyr.); σὺν μ. δόξᾳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>887</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἄμπελος μαινομένη</b>, of a vine that is never done bearing fruit, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Mir.</span>846a38</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>1.18.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">μαινόμενα ἕλκη</b> [[malignant]] ulcers, Asclep. ap. <span class="bibl">Aët.15.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> aor. 1 Act. <b class="b3">ἔμηνα</b>, in causal sense, [[madden]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>520</span> (troch., prob. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IA</span>580</span> (lyr.)), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>561</span>; [[enrage]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.4.8</span>: pres. <b class="b3">μαίνω</b> first in <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">H.</span>71.6</span>. (Cf. <b class="b3">μέμονα</b>.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">rage, be furious, of the senses, be excited</b> (Il.); rarely act. <b class="b3">ἐκ-μαίνω</b> [[make furious]] (E., Ar.; <b class="b3">μαίνω</b> Orph.), aor. <b class="b3">μῆναι</b> (S., E.) with intr. midd. <b class="b3">μήνασθαι</b> (Z 160, Theoc.)<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">μανῆναι</b> (IA.), fut. <b class="b3">μανέεται</b> (Hdt.), perf. (with pres.-mean.) <b class="b3">μέμηνα</b> (A., S.).<br />Compounds: also with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. From the present: <b class="b3">μαινάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">the raging, Bacchantess, Mänade</b> (Il.; Schwyzer 508, Sommer Münch. Stud. 4, 4); <b class="b3">μαινόλης</b>, Aeol. Dor. <b class="b3">-λας</b>, f. <b class="b3">-λις</b> [[raging]], [[excited]] (Sapph., A.; Schwyzer 408 and Mus. Helv. 3, 49ff., Chantraine Form. 237). 2. From the root: <b class="b3">μανία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[fury]], [[madness]] (IA.) cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 39); <b class="b3">μανικός</b>, <b class="b3">μανιώδης</b> [[furious]], [[raging]] (IA.), f. also <b class="b3">μανιάς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (after <b class="b3">λύσσα</b>: <b class="b3">-άς</b>, Schwyzer 508). Verbaladj. like <b class="b3">ἐμ-μανής</b> [[raging]] (IA), prob. hypostasis (to <b class="b3">μανία</b>) after <b class="b3">ἐμ-φανής</b> a.o. (<b class="b3">ἐμ-μαίνομαι</b> first Act. Ap., J.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [726] <b class="b2">*men-</b> [[think]], [[be excited]]<br />Etymology: On <b class="b3">μάντις</b> etc. s. v. With the zero-grade yot-present <b class="b3">μαίνομαι</b> from <b class="b3">*μαν-ι̯ο-μαι</b> agree formally several forms from diff. languages: Skt. <b class="b2">mányate</b> = Av. [[mainyeite]] [[think]], Celt., OIr. [[do-moiniur]] [[believe]], [[have the opinion]], Slav., e.g. OCS <b class="b2">mьnjǫ</b> [[think]], [[consider as]], Lith. <b class="b2">miniù</b> [[think]], [[remember]] (innovation for older <b class="b2">menù</b>?; s. Fraenkel Wb. ), IE <b class="b2">*mn̥-i̯o</b> \/ <b class="b2">e-</b>. With <b class="b3">μανῆ-ναι</b> agree formally also the Balto-Slav. inf. Lith. <b class="b2">minė́-ti</b>, OCS <b class="b2">mьně-ti</b> as well as Goth. 3. sg. [[munai-Þ]] <b class="b3">μέλλει</b>, thinks (to do)'; genetic connection however is doubtful, as Goth. [[munaiÞ]] may as well agree with Skt. [[manāy-ati]] [[be eager]] and for posthom. <b class="b3">μανῆναι</b> (as if from <b class="b3">μανέεται</b>) also analogical origin (<b class="b3">φαίνομαι</b> : <b class="b3">φανῆναι</b>; J. Schmidt KZ 37, 44) is possible; on Lith. <b class="b2">minė́ti</b> etc. s. also Fraenkel l.c. and Lexis 2, 196. Also <b class="b3">μήνασθαι</b> (analogical or from <b class="b3">*μαν-σ-</b>, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 412) and <b class="b3">μέμηνα</b> (after <b class="b3">τακῆναι</b> : <b class="b3">τέτηκα</b> a. o.) are Greek formations. With the formal reorganisation goes the semantic emancipation; the connection with the widespread group <b class="b3">μένος</b>, <b class="b3">μέμονα</b>, <b class="b3">μιμνήσκω</b> (s. vv.) can still be seen e.g. in Z 100 f.: <b class="b3">ἀλλ</b>' <b class="b3">ὅδε λίην</b>

|<b class="b3">μαίνεται οὑδέ τίς οἱ δύναται μένος ἰσοφαρίζειν</b> (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 34). - [Not with J. Schmidt l.c. and Specht KZ 62, 79 (cf. also Schwyzer 694 n. 3) to <b class="b3">μαιμάω</b>.]