πένθος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[grief]], [[sorrow]], <span class="bibl">Il.11.658</span>, etc.; τινος [[for]] one, <span class="bibl">Od. 18.324</span>, etc.; π. ἄλαστον ἔχουσα <span class="bibl">Il.24.105</span> ; π. λαγχάνειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>659</span> ; <b class="b3">Τρῶας λάβε π</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.16.548</span>, etc. ; μέγα π. Ἀχαιίδα γαῖαν ἱκάνει <span class="bibl">1.254</span>, etc.; πένθεϊ δ' ἀτλήτῳ βεβολήατο πάντες <span class="bibl">9.3</span> ; θυμὸς ἐτείρετο π. λυγρῷ <span class="bibl">22.242</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> esp. of grief for the dead, [[mourning]], τοκεῦσι γόον καὶ π. ἔθηκας <span class="bibl">17.37</span> ; παιδὸς γάρ οἱ ἄλαστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶ π. ἔκειτο <span class="bibl">Od.24.423</span> ; Σάρδεσι π. παρασχών <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>322</span> ; δμῳαῖς προθήσειν π. οἰκεῖον στένειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1249</span> ; <b class="b3">π. ποιήσασθαι</b> make [[a public mourning]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.1</span> ; so π. προεθήκαντο <span class="bibl">Id.6.21</span> ; π. τίθεται <span class="bibl">Id.2.46</span> ; π. τινὸς κοινοῦσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>426</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐν πένθει [εἶναι</b>] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 290</span>, <span class="bibl">847</span>(lyr.) ; πολὺ π. ἦν κατὰ τὸ στράτευμα <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>4.5.10</span> ; π. λιπεῖν <span class="title">IG</span>3.1311 ; <b class="b3">π. λύεσθαι, ἀποθέσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Fab.</span> 18</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alex.</span>75</span> : in pl., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>154</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>333</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>395e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.</span>1370b25</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[unhappy event]], [[misfortune]], <b class="b3">π. τινός</b> one's [[illfortune]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span> ; ἔτλαν π. οὐ φατόν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>7(6).37</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of a person, [[a misery]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>615</span>(lyr.) ; <b class="b3">π. ἔδωκε φέρειν</b>, i. e. the body, <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>228.6 (Ephesus). (Cf. <b class="b3">πείσομαι</b> from <b class="b3">*πένθ-σομαι</b>, fut. of <b class="b3">πάσχω</b>, pf. <b class="b3">πείσονθα</b>, Lith. [[kenčiù]] 'suffer', <b class="b2">pa-kantà</b> 'patience'; <b class="b3">πενθ-</b> is reduced to πṇ<b class="b3">θ-</b> (παθ-) in <b class="b3">αἰνο-παθής</b>, etc.)</span>