ῥαίω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=poet. subj. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ῥαίῃσι <span class="bibl">Od.5.221</span>: fut. <b class="b3">ῥαίσω</b> (διαρ-) <span class="bibl">2.49</span>; Ep. inf. <b class="b3">ῥαισέμεναι</b> (v.l. [[ῥαίσεσθαι]]) <span class="bibl">8.569</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἔρραισα</b>, subj. ῥαίσῃ <span class="bibl">23.235</span>:— Pass., fut. (in med. form) <b class="b3">ῥαίσομαι</b> (διαρ-) <span class="bibl">Il.24.355</span>: aor. ἐρραίσθην <span class="bibl">16.339</span>:—[[break]], [[shiver]], [[shatter]], <b class="b3">ῥ. νῆα</b> [[wreck]] a ship, <span class="bibl">Od.8.569</span>, <span class="bibl">13.151</span>, <span class="bibl">23.235</span>; <b class="b3">ῥ. τινά</b> [[cause]] one [[to suffer shipwreck]], <span class="bibl">5.221</span>:—in Pass., <b class="b3">ῥαιόμενος</b> [[suffering shipwreck]], <span class="bibl">6.326</span>; νηῦς ῥαισθεῖσα <span class="bibl">A.R.2.1112</span>; also <b class="b3">φάσγανον ἐρραίσθη</b> it [[was shivered]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.339</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ κέ οἵ ἐγκέφαλός γε διὰ σπέος . . ῥαίοιτο πρὸς οὔδεϊ</b> his brain [[would be dashed]] on the ground throughout the cavern, <span class="bibl">Od.9.459</span>; so <b class="b3">αἰὼν δι' ὀστέων ἐρραίσθη</b> the marrow [[spurted]] through the bones, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>111</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> generally, [[destroy]], <span class="bibl">A.R.1.617</span>:—Pass., [[to be broken down]], [[crushed by suffering]], ὅταν . . ῥαισθῇ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>191</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>7.529 (Theodorid.), etc. (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>268</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to smash, to break to pieces, to shatter</b> (ep. Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">ῥαῖσαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">ῥαισθῆναι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ῥαίσω</b>.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[opira₃tere]] ? \/[[opi-raisteres]]\/Baumbach, Minos 11(1970)388-90.<br />Compounds: Also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ῥαιστήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆρος</b> [[hammer]], f. (Σ 477; after <b class="b3">σφῦρα</b>?), m. (AP 6, 117), gender elsewhere unknown (A. Pr. 56, Call. Dian. 59 a.o.); <b class="b3">ῥαιστήριος</b> [[shattering]], [[destroying]] (A. R., Opp.); <b class="b3">ῥαίστωρ κραντήρ</b> (= [[boars tusk]]) H. Several compounds in <b class="b3">-της</b>, z.B. <b class="b3">θυμο-ρραίσ-της</b> [[life-destroying]] (Il.), <b class="b3">κυνο-ρραίσ-της</b> [[dog louse]] (ρ 300, Arist.); vgl. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 44 w. n. 1.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Rhiming to the in sense close <b class="b3">παίω</b>, <b class="b3">πταίω</b>, also <b class="b3">κναίω</b>, <b class="b3">ψαίω</b>; the <b class="b3">-σ-</b> in <b class="b3">ῥαισθῆναι</b> etc. can be analogical. Etymology unknown; hardly a cross of <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b> and <b class="b3">παίω</b>. Earlier explanations (Skt. <b class="b2">ríṣyati</b> [[sustain damage]], <b class="b2">sráṃsate</b> [[lapse]]) in Bq and Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v.; also WP. 2, 345f.