ἔργον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[ϝέργον]] <span class="title">IG</span>4.800 (vi B. C.), Elean [[ϝάργον]] <span class="title">SIG</span>9 (vi B.C.), τό : ([[ἔρδω]], OE. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[weorc]] (neut.) '[[work]]', Avest. <b class="b2">varəza</b>-):— [[work]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.436</span>, etc.; ἔργον [[οὐδὲν]] [[ὄνειδος]], ἀεργίη δέ τ' ὄνειδος = [[work]] is no [[disgrace]], but [[idleness]] is [[disgrace]] <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>311</span>; πλεόνων δέ τε ἔ. ἄμεινον <span class="bibl">Il.12.412</span>; ἔ. ἐποίχεσθαι <span class="bibl">6.492</span>; νῦν ἔπλετο ἔ. ἅπασι <span class="bibl">12.271</span>; especially in plural, ἄλλος ἄλλοισιν..ἐπιτέρπεται ἔργοις <span class="bibl">Od. 14.228</span>; ἐπὶ ἔργα τράποντο <span class="bibl">Il.3.422</span>; ἔργων παύσασθαι <span class="bibl">Od.4.683</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ σ' αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε</b> see to thine own [[task]]s, <span class="bibl">Il.6.490</span> : especially in the following relations, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> in Il. mostly of [[work]]s or [[deed]]s of [[war]], πολεμήϊα ἔ. <span class="bibl">Il.2.338</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Od.12.116</span>; ἔργον μάχης <span class="bibl">Il.6.522</span>; alone, ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ <span class="bibl">4.175</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">539</span>; ὑπέσχετο δὲ μέγα ἔργον <span class="bibl">13.366</span>; ἐπ' αὐτῷ δ' ἔργον ἐτύχθη ἀργαλέον <span class="bibl">4.470</span>; later, ἔργον.. Ἄρης κρινεῖ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>414</span>; [[ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ]] = [[during]] the [[action]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">7.71</span>; τὸ ἐν Πλαταιαῖς ἔ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span> 241c</span>; τῶν πρότερον ἔ. μέγιστον ἐπράχθη τὸ Μηδικόν <span class="bibl">Th.1.23</span>; <b class="b3">ἔργου ἔχεσθαι</b> to [[engage]] in [[battle]], ib.<span class="bibl">49</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of peaceful [[contests]], κρατεῖν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.85</span>; ἔργου ἔχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>4.233</span>; also <b class="b3">ἔργα θῆκε κάλλιστ' ἀμφὶ κόμαις</b> placed [the reward of] noble [[deeds]] about his hair, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>13.38</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of [[works of industry]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">a</span> of [[tillage]], [[tilled lands]], ἀνδρῶν πίονα ἔ. <span class="bibl">Il.12.283</span>, etc.; ἔργ' ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">16.392</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.259</span>; βροτῶν <span class="bibl">10.147</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτε βοῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν φαίνετο ἔργα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">98</span>; [[ἔργα]] alone, <span class="bibl">16.140</span>, etc.; [[Ἔργα καὶ ἡμέραι]], [[Works and Days]], [[Opera et dies]] — the title of [[Hesiod]]'s work; <b class="b3">πατρώϊα ἔ</b>. their father's [[land]]s, <span class="bibl">Od.2.22</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἐπὶ ἔργα..ἴμεν</b> will neither go to our [[farm]]s, ib. <span class="bibl">127</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">252</span>; <b class="b3">Ἰθάκης..ἔργα</b> the [[till]]ed [[land]]s of Ithaca, <span class="bibl">14.344</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ.. Τιταρησσὸν ἔργ' ἐνέμοντο</b> inhabited [[lands]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.751</span>; τὰ τῶν Μυσῶν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.36</span>; so later, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PBaden</span> 40.5</span> (ii A.D.) : generally, [[property]], [[wealth]], [[possessions]], θεὸς δ' ἐπὶ ἔργον ἀέξῃ <span class="bibl">Od.14.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">15.372</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of women's [[work]], weaving, <span class="bibl">Il.9.390</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀμύμονα ἔ. ἰδυίας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">128</span>; ἔργα ἐργάζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.22.422</span>, <span class="bibl">20.72</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of other [[occupations]], <b class="b3">θαλάσσια ἔ</b>. fishing, <span class="bibl">5.67</span>; a seaman's life, <span class="bibl">Il.2.614</span> : periphr., <b class="b3">δαιτὸς..ἔργα</b> [[works]] of feasting, <span class="bibl">9.228</span>; φιλοτήσια ἔ. <span class="bibl">Od.11.246</span>; ἔργα γάμοιο <span class="bibl">Il.5.429</span>; ἔργα Κυπρογενοῦς <span class="bibl">Sol.26</span>; Ἀφροδίτης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>1</span>; also τέκνων ἐς ἔ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1207</span> : abs., ἔργον <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>17.1</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.209 (pl., Strat., s.v.l.); also ἔργα ἰσχύος καὶ τάχους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.12</span>; <b class="b3">φίλα ἔργα μελίσσαις</b>, of flowers, <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.42</span>; of [[mines]], etc., ἔ. ἀργυρεῖα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Vect.</span>4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.167</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἔργα πίσσια</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Ma.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[deed]], [[action]], ἔργ' ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε <span class="bibl">Od.1.338</span>; θέσκελα ἔ. Τρώων <span class="bibl">Il.3.130</span>; ἀήσυλα ἔ. <span class="bibl">5.876</span>; <b class="b3">καρτερά, ἀεικέα ἔ</b>., ib.<span class="bibl">872</span>,<span class="bibl">22.395</span>; <b class="b3">παλίντιτα, ἄντιτα ἔ</b>., <span class="bibl">Od.1.379</span>, <span class="bibl">17.51</span>; ἔργα ἀποδέκνυσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.16</span>, cf. Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.119e, <span class="bibl">D.C.37.52</span>; opp. [[ἔπος]], [[deed]], not word (v. ἔπος <span class="bibl">11.1</span>); opp. [[μῦθος]], <span class="bibl">Il. 9.443</span>, <span class="bibl">19.242</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1080</span> (anap.), etc.; opp. [[λόγος]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>358</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span> 339</span>; [[ἔργῳ]], opp. [[λόγῳ]], freq. in Att., etc., <span class="bibl">Th.2.65</span>, etc. : so in plural, λόγῳ μὲν..τοῖσι δ' ἔργοισιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>782</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>360.13</span>; λόγοισιν εἴτ' ἔργοισιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>517</span>; opp. [[ῥήματα]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>873</span>; opp. [[ὄνομα]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>128</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Th.8.78</span>,<span class="bibl">89</span>; in many phrases, πέπρακται τοὔργον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>75</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1346</span>; χωρῶ πρὸς ἔργον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>116</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μὲν ἐνθύμημα χαρίεν.., τὸ δὲ ἔ. ἀδύνατον</b> its [[execution]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.5.12</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἔργῳ χέρνιβες ξίφος τε</b> ready for [[action]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1190</span>; ἡ κατάρα ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος εἰς ἔ. ἤγετο <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>7.228b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[thing]], [[matter]], <b class="b3">πᾶν ἔ...ὑπείξομαι</b> in every [[point]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.294</span>; ἃ Ζεὺς μήδετο ἔ. <span class="bibl">2.38</span>, etc.; πάρος τάδε ἔ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">6.348</span>, etc.; ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔ. <span class="bibl">2.252</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.78</span>, etc.; μέμνημαι τόδε ἔ. <span class="bibl">Il.9.527</span>; ἄκουε τοὔργον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1157</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>847</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>466</span>; in bad sense, [[mischief]], [[trouble]], of disease, αἰτίη τοῦ ἔ. <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SA</span>1.9</span>; <b class="b3">μέγα ἔ</b>. a serious [[matter]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.663</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">μέγα ἔ</b>., like [[μέγα χρῆμα]], χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ Τυδεΐδης, μέγα ἔ. a monstrous [[thing]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.303</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.286</span>; <b class="b3">φυλόπιδος μέγα ἔ</b>. a [[mighty]] call to arms, <span class="bibl">16.208</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Pass., [[that which is wrought]] or [[made]], [[work]], <b class="b3">οἷ' ἐπιεικὲς ἔργ' ἔμεν ἀθανάτων</b>, of the arms of Achilles, <span class="bibl">Il.19.22</span>; <b class="b3">ἔ. Ἡφαίστοιο</b> metal-[[work]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.617</span>; πέπλοι.., ἔργα γυναικῶν <span class="bibl">Il.6.289</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.223</span>; ὕφασμα, σῆς ἔ. χερός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>231</span>; κολεόν..λώτινον ἔ. <span class="bibl">Theoc.24.45</span>; of a wall, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1125</span>; of a statue, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.7</span> : in plural, of siege-[[works]], ἔ. καὶ μηχαναί <span class="bibl">Plb.5.3.6</span>; of a [[machine]], <span class="bibl">Apollod.<span class="title">Poliorc.</span>157.4</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ath.Mech.15.2</span>, al.; of public [[buildings]], Mon.Anc.Gr.18.20; of an author's [[works]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>25</span>; τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς ἔργον Ἀριστοτέλους <span class="title">AP</span>11.354.8 (Agath.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[result of work]], [[profit]] or [[interest]], [[ἔργον]] ([[χρημάτων]]) [[interest]] or [[profit]] on money, <span class="bibl">Is.11.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.27.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> special phrases : </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον ἐστί</b>, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">a</span> c. gen. pers., it is his [[business]], his [[proper work]], ἀνδρῶν τόδ' ἐστὶν ἔ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>673</span>; ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἔ. ἀγαθοῦ πολίτου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>517c</span>; of things, <b class="b3">φραδέος νόου ἔργα τέτυκται</b> it is [[a matter]] (which calls) for a wary mind, <span class="bibl">Il.24.354</span>; [[function]], ἅπερ νεῶν ἄμεινον πλεουσῶν ἔργα ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>; οὐ θερμότητος ἔργον ψύχειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>335d</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτο ἑκάστου ἔ. ὃ ἂν ἢ μόνον τι ἢ κάλλιστα τῶν ἄλλων ἀπεργάζηται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">353a</span>; ἔργα τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου [[functions]], Gal.16.518 : c. dat. pers., οἷς τοῦτο ἔ. ἦν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.3.27</span>: with the possessive Pron., <b class="b3">σὸν ἔ. [ἐστί]</b> c. inf., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>635</span>; ἐμὸν τόδ' ἔ. κρῖναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 734</span>; σὸν ἔ., θῦε θεοῖς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>862</span>; ὑμέτερον ἐντεῦθεν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>426</span> : with Art., νῦν ἡμέτερον τὸ ἔ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> c. gen. rei, [[there is need]] of.., τί δῆτα τόξων ἔ.; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>39</span>; πολλῆς φυλακῆς ἔ. [ἐστί] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 537d</span> : esp. with neg., οὐδὲν..ὀδόντων ἔ. ἐστ' <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1310</span>; οὐ δόλου νῦν ἔ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1158</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>911</span> : c. dat. pers., ἐπέδρης μὴ εἶναι ἔ. τῇ στρατιῇ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.17</span> : with Art., οὐκ ἂν μακρῶν λόγων ἡμῖν τόδ' εἴη τοὔργον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1373</span> : with a part. added, οὐδὲν ἦν ἔ. αὐτοῦ κατατείνοντος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>13</span> : also c. inf., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν ἔ. ἑστάναι</b> there is no [[use in]] standing still, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>424</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>1308</span>; οὐδὲν ἔ. ταῦτα θρηνεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>852</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., [[it is hard work]], [[difficult]] to do, πολὺ ἔ. ἂν εἴη διεξελθεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.6.1</span>; πολὺ ἔ. ἦν τῷ νομοθέτῃ πάντα γράφειν <span class="bibl">Lys.10.7</span>; ἔ. ἐστὶν εἰ ἐροῦμεν <span class="bibl">D.24.51</span>; ἔ. εὑρεῖν πρόφασιν <span class="bibl">Men.76</span>; also μέγα ἔ. ταῖς..ἐπιθυμίαις καλῶς χρῆσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>187e</span>; χαλεπὸν ἔ. διαιρεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1100</span> (lyr.): also in gen., πλείονος ἔ. ἐστὶ..μαθεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthphr.</span>14b</span>: rarely with a part., οὐδὲν ἔ. μαχομένῳ <span class="bibl">Philippid.15.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἔ. [ἐστί]</b> c. acc. et inf., [[it can scarcely happen]] that.., ἔ. ἅμα πάντας ὀργισθῆναι καὶ ἁμαρτεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1286a35</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον παρασχεῖν τινί</b> give one [[trouble]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>523</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>9.161 (Marc. Arg., punning on Hesiod's [[Ἔργα]]); <b class="b3">ἔργον ἔχειν</b> take [[trouble]], c. part., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.4.6</span>; c. inf., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον γίγνεσθαι τῆς νόσου</b> to be its [[victim]], Anon. ap. Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἄτολμοι]]; κτεινόμενος ὑμέτερον ἔ. εἰμί <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Eum.</span> 17</span>; τῆς ὑμετέρας γέγονεν ἔ. ὀλιγωρίας <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Dem.Enc.</span>29</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον ποιεῖσθαί τι</b> to make a [[matter]] one's [[business]], [[attend to]] it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span> 232a</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>9.10</span>; so ἐν ἔργῳ τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>4.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> = [[ἐργασία]] III, τὸ ἔ. βαφέων <span class="title">CIG</span>3498 (Thyatira).</span>