ἐχθρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ά, όν, (ἔχθος) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">hated, hateful</b>, of persons and things, freq. from Hom. downwds. (Hom. has it only in this pass. sense); ἐ. γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι <span class="bibl">Od.14.156</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.312</span>; <b class="b3">ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν</b> c.inf., 'tis <b class="b2">hateful</b> to me to... <span class="bibl">Od.12.452</span>; θεοῖσιν ἐ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 766</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.601</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>34</span>; ὁ θεοῖσιν ἐ. <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.74</span>, etc.; cf. <b class="b3">θεοισεχθρός</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Act., <b class="b2">hating, hostile</b>, first in Hes. and Pi. (v. infr. 111), τινι <span class="bibl">D.10.11</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>6.1</span>, etc.: c. gen., <b class="b3">ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδόν</b> <b class="b2">averse from</b> insolence, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.90</span>: abs., ἐ. γλῶσσα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>309</span> (anap.); ὀργαί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>937</span> (anap.), etc.; ἀστέρες <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.143.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> as Subst., <b class="b3">ἐχθρός, ὁ</b>, <b class="b2">enemy</b>, where the act. and pass. senses freq. coincide, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>342</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.84</span>, etc.; ἀνὴρ ἐ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.92</span>; ὁ Διὸς ἐ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>120</span> (anap.); ἐχθροῖς ἐχθρὰ πορσύνων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1374</span>; εἴ . . τινα ἴδοι ἐχθρὸν ἑαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Th.4.47</span>; οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐ. <span class="bibl">Id.6.89</span>, etc.—Acc. to <span class="bibl">Ammon.<span class="title">Diff.</span>p.63</span> V., <b class="b3">ἐχθρός</b> is <b class="b2">one who has been</b> <b class="b3">φίλος</b>, <b class="b2">but is alienated</b>; <b class="b3">πολέμιος</b> <b class="b2">one who is at war</b>; <b class="b3">δυσμενής</b> <b class="b2">one who has long been alienated and refuses to be reconciled</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> regul. Comp. ἐχθρότερος <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Prooem.</span>40.3</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.160 (Hedyl. or Asclep.); Sup. -ότατος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.65</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1346</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">D.19.300</span>: but more freq. irreg. <b class="b3">ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος</b> (qq.v.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Adv. ἐχθρῶς, μισοῦντες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>697d</span>, etc.: Comp. -οτέρως <span class="bibl">D.5.18</span>: Sup. -ότατα <span class="bibl">Id.23.149</span>.</span>