κρατέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Aeol. [[κρετέω]], aor. inf. κρέτησαι <span class="bibl">Sapph. <span class="title">Supp.</span>9.5</span>:— Med., aor. <b class="b3">ἐπικρατησάμενοι</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>6.13</span>:—Pass., fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> κρατήσομαι Aristid.1.501 J. and, with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[κρατηθήσομαι]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.9</span>:—to [[be strong]], [[be powerful]]: hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> abs., [[rule]], [[hold sway]], Ἤλιδα... ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί <span class="bibl">Od.13.275</span>,<span class="bibl">15.298</span>; <b class="b3">μέγα κρατέων ἤνασσε</b> with mighty [[sway]]... <span class="bibl">Il.16.172</span>; ἅπας δὲ τραχύς, ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>35</span>; ὁ [[κρατῶν]] = the [[ruler]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>951</span>,<span class="bibl">1664</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>738</span>, etc.; θῶπτε τὸν κρατοῦντ' ἀεί <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>937</span>; οἱ κρατοῦντες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>267</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>530</span>, etc.; τὸ κρατοῦν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>133</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>714c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1255a15</span>; ἡ [[κρατοῦσα]] the [[lady]] of the [[house]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>734</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in Poets, c. dat., [[rule]] [[among]], μέγα κρατέεις νεκύεσσιν <span class="bibl">Od.11.485</span>; ἀνδράσι καὶ θεοῖσι <span class="bibl">16.265</span>; [[Φθίᾳ]] [[rule in]] Phthia, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>4.50</span>; ἐν Ἰλιάδι χθονί <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. gen., to [[be lord of]] or [[be master of]], [[rule over]], <b class="b3">πάντων Ἀργείων, πάντων</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.79</span>, <span class="bibl">288</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od. 15.274</span>; Ὀλύμπου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>149</span> (lyr.); δωμάτων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1673</span>; ὅπλων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1337</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τοῦ βίου</b> to [[be master of]]... <span class="bibl">And.1.137</span>; αὑτοῦ κ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1099</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.26</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>405</span>; ἡδονῶν καὶ ἐπιθυμιῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>196c</span>, etc.; τῶν πραγμάτων <span class="bibl">D.2.27</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ μὴ πείθεσθαι τοῖς νόμοις κρατῆσαι</b> to [[be above]] obedience... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>4.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[conquer]], [[prevail]], [[get the upper hand]], abs., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>324</span>, etc.; πολλῷ ἐκράτησαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.77</span>; εἰ τὰ τοῦ Μήδου κρατήσειε <span class="bibl">Th.3.62</span>; ὁ μὴ πειθόμενος κρατεῖ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>272b</span>; ἔνθα τἀναιδὲς κρατεῖ <span class="bibl">Diph.111</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">κ. τῇ γνώμῃ</b> [[prevail]] in opinion, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.42</span>; [[πάλᾳ]], [[ἱπποδρομίᾳ]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.20</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>3.13</span>; μάχῃ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>612</span>; ταῖς ναυσί <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>648</span>; τῷ Φοινίκων ναυτικῷ <span class="bibl">Th.1.16</span>; also θουρίῳ ἐν Ἄρει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>614</span> (lyr.); ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>184</span>: c.acc.cogn., κ. στάδιον <span class="bibl">B. 6.15</span>, cf. 7; ὀκτὼ νίκας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>1</span>; τὸν ἀγῶνα <span class="bibl">D.21.18</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν μάχην</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] for τῇ μάχῃ in <span class="bibl">D.S.18.30</span>; τὴν πρεσβείαν <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>1.21.6</span>; [[πάντα]] [[in]] all things, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1522</span>; οἱ [[κρατοῦντες]]  the [[conqueror]]s, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.26</span>; τὰ κατὰ πόλεμον κρατούμενα τῶν κρατούντων εἶναί φασιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1255a7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> to [[be superior]], πλήθους ἕκατι ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>338</span>: abs., to [[be the best]], <span class="bibl">Critias 2.7</span> D. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of reports, etc., [[prevail]], [[become current]], φάτις κρατεῖ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>293</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>978</span>; λόγος κ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>738</span>; νόμιμα δὲ τὰ Χαλκιδικὰ ἐκράτησεν <span class="bibl">Th.6.5</span>; κρατεῖ ἡ φήμη παρά τισι <span class="bibl">Plb. 9.26.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c.inf., [[prevail so that]], κ. τῷ πλήθει ὥστε μὴ αὐτίκα τὰς πύλας ἀνοίγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.4.104</span>: impers., [[κατθανεῖν]] κρατεῖ = 'tis [[better]] to [[die]] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1364</span>; κρατεῖ μὴ γιγνώσκοντ' ἀπολέσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>248</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c.gen., [[conquer]], [[prevail over]], τῶν ἐναντίων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>85</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>646</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 955</span> (lyr.), etc.; κ. τινὸς τὸν ἀγῶνα <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Her.</span>2.5</span>: metaph., τό τοι νομισθὲν τῆς ἀληθείας κρατεῖ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>86</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τῆς διαβολῆς</b> [[get the better of]] it, <span class="bibl">Lys.19.53</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ λόγος τοῦ ἔργου ἐκράτει</b> [[surpass]]ed, went [[beyond]] it, <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ φύσις… τῶν διδαγμάτων κρατεῖ</b> [[is better than]]... <span class="bibl">Men. <span class="title">Mon.</span>213</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">169</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of food, [[digest]], [[assimilate]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>3</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>, Mnesith. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.2.54b</span>, Phylotim.ib.<span class="bibl">3.79c</span>:—Pass., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>6.5.15</span>; τῆς τροφῆς μὴ κρατηθείσης Plu.2.654b. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> c.acc., [[conquer]], [[master]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.25</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>215</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>189</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>490</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1346</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>420</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>7.6.32</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μάχῃ, τῷ πολέμῳ τινά</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.30</span>; τῷ λόγῳ τινά <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>539</span>; <b class="b3">πάχει μάκει τε</b> [[in]]... <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.245</span>; [[outdo]], τοὺς φίλους εὖ ποιῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>11.15</span>; τῷ διαφθαρῆναι χρήμασιν ἢ μὴ κεκράτηκα Φίλιππον <span class="bibl">D.18.247</span>; [[surpass]], κρατεῖ δὲ ὁ τῆς ἡδονῆς [βίος] τὸν τῆς φρονήσεως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>12a</span>:—Pass., to [[be overcome]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>750</span> (lyr.), etc.; ὕπνῳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>148</span> (lyr.); ὑπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>. δ'; ὑπὸ τῶν ἡδονῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>633e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[become master of]], [[get possession of]], <b class="b3">τῆς ἀρχῆς, τῶν νεκρῶν</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.92</span>,<span class="bibl">4.111</span>; πολλὰ φρονέοντα μηδενὸς κ. <span class="bibl">Id.9.16</span>; σέθεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>387</span>; οὔπω ἡ βουλή σου ἐκράτει <span class="bibl">Lys.13.26</span>; κ. τῆς γῆς <span class="bibl">Th.3.6</span>; ναυσὶ τῆς θαλάσσης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>240a</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τῆς λέξεως</b> [[have]] it [[at command]], [[remember]] it, <span class="bibl">Ath.7.275b</span>; [[master]] by the intellect, πάντων τῶν τῆς ἱστορίας μερῶν <span class="bibl">Plb.16.20.2</span>:—Pass., to [[be mastered]], δεῖ ἐν ταῖς τέχναις καὶ ἐπιστήμαις ταῦτα κρατεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1331b38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Po.</span>1456a10</span> (prob.for [[κροτεῖσθαι]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[lay hold of]], τῆς χειρός <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ge.</span>19.16</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>9.25</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>9.27</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c.acc.rei, [[seize]], [[win and keep]], esp.by force, πᾶσαν αἶαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>255</span>; θρόνους <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 1381</span>; [[seize]], [[hold fast]], [[arrest]], τινα <span class="bibl">Batr.63</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.8.18.8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>14.3</span>; τένοντα <span class="bibl">Batr.233</span>; τὰς χεῖράς τινος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLips.</span>40iii2</span> (iv/v A.D.); [[secure]], [[grasp]], <b class="b3">τὴν ἀκατονόμαστον Τριάσα</b> Zos.Alch.<span class="bibl">p.230</span> B. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[hold up]], [[support]], τινα <span class="bibl">D.H.4.38</span>; [[maintain]] a military post, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.6.7</span>; [[hold fast]], τὰς παραδόσεις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Thess.</span>2.15</span>; [[keep]], [[retain]], PTeb.61 (b).229 (ii B.C.):—Pass., <b class="b3">οὐκ ἦν δυνατὸν κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τοῦ θανάτου</b>) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>2.24</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ κτῆσις τοῖς τέκνοις κεκράτηται</b> has been [[reserve]]d for, [[settle]]d upon, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>237 viii 36</span> (ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> in Law, [[possess]] a [[title]] to, <b class="b3">κ. καὶ κυριεύειν</b> c.gen., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>319.19</span> (iii A.D.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[sequester]], [[place under embargo]], <span class="title">OGI</span>1669.23 (Pass., Egypt, i A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 742 iii 6</span> (Pass., ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[hold in the hand]], ὁ κρατῶν τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀδτέρας ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>2.1</span>; πόαν Dsc.3.93; ἄρτον Plu.2.99d; σκῆπτρον <span class="bibl">Ath.7.289c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>44</span>, <span class="bibl">Ach.Tat.1.6</span>, etc.; δακτύλιον <span class="title">PMag.Lond.</span>46.451 (iv A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[endure]], [[put up with]], τὸν ἀργυροπράτην <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1844</span> (vi A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[control]], [[command]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>10</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hec.</span>282</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">αἰσχρὰ τῷ νόμῳ κρατούμενα</b> [[control]]led by... <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span> 755</span>; κρατεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ προβουλεύματος <span class="bibl">D.H.9.52</span>; διαθέσει <span class="bibl">Porph. <span class="title">Sent.</span>27</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> [[repair]], [[make good]], <b class="b3">τὸ βεδὲκ</b> (Hebr.) τοῦ οἴκου <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">4 Ki.</span>12.5</span>.</span>