ὅσιος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, also ος, ον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>831d</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.5.71</span>:— <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[hallowed]], i. e. [[sanctioned]] or [[allowed]] by the [[law]] of [[God]] or of [[nature]], δίκη <span class="bibl">Thgn.132</span>; θοῖναι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>529</span> (lyr.); λουτρά <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1405</span> (anap.); καθαρμοί <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>77</span> (lyr.); [[μέλος]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>898</span>; <b class="b3">οὐχ ὅσιος</b> [[unhallowed]], [[ὕβρις]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span> 374</span> (lyr.); [[ἔρως]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>764</span> (lyr.); θυσίαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IT</span>465</span> (anap.).—The sense of [[ὅσιος]] often depends on its relation on the one hand to [[δίκαιος]] (sanctioned by [[human]] law), on the other to [[ἱερός]] ([[sacred]] to the gods): </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> opp. [[δίκαιος]], [[sanctioned by divine law]], [[hallowed]], [[holy]] ([[μόριον]] τοῦ δικαίου τὸ ὅσιον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>12d</span>), δικαιότερον καὶ ὁσιώτερον καὶ πρὸς θεῶν καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.25</span>; τὰ πρὸς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους δίκαια καὶ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς ὅ. <span class="bibl">Plb.22.10.8</span> : hence, in a common antithesis, <b class="b3">τὰ δίκαια καὶ ὅσια</b> things of [[human]] and [[divine]] [[ordinance]], <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Plt.</span>301d</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Euthphr.</span>6e</span>; also ὅ. καὶ νόμιμα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>676</span>(lyr.); οὐ . . νόμιμον οὐδ' ὅ. ἂν εἴη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>861d</span>; <b class="b3">θεοὺς ὅσιόν τι δρᾶν</b> [[discharge]] a [[duty]] men owe the [[god]]s, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>1081</span>; [[τὸ ὅσιον]] = [[εὐσέβεια]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>5d</span>: in an [[imprecatory]] [[formula]], ἀποδοῦσι μὲν αὐτοῖς ὅσια ᾖ, μὴ ἀποδοῦσι δὲ ἀνόσια <span class="title">SIG</span>1199 ([[Cnidus]]), cf. [[ἀνοσία]] II; so <b class="b3">ὅσια καὶ ἐλεύθερα</b> ib.1180.6 (ibid.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> opp. [[ἱερός]], [[permitted]] or [[not forbidden]] by [[divine]] [[law]], [[profane]], <b class="b3">ἱερὰ καὶ ὅ</b>. things sacred and [[profane]], ἐς ὀλιγωρίαν ἐτράποντο καὶ ἱερῶν καὶ ὁσίων ὁμοίως <span class="bibl">Th.2.52</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>344a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>857b</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κοσμεῖν τὴν πόλιν καὶ τοῖς ἱεροῖς καὶ τοῖς ὁσίοις</b> with [[sacred]] and [[profane]] [[building]]s, <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.66</span>; τῶν ἱερῶν μὲν χρημάτων τοὺς θεούς, τῶν ὁσίων δὲ τὴν πόλιν ἀποστερεῖ <span class="bibl">D.24.9</span>; ἀργυρίου ὁσίου <span class="title">IG</span>12.186.13; ὁ ταμίας τῶν ὁ. προσόδων <span class="title">OGI</span>229.58 (Smyrna, iii B. C.); ὁ ταμίας τῶν ὁ. <span class="title">Supp.Epigr.</span>1.366.58 (Samos, iii B. C.); ὅσιον [[χωρίον]] = a [[lawful]] place (for giving [[birth]] to a [[child]]), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>743</span>; [[ὅσιόν ἐστι]] followed by inf., [[it is lawful]], [[it is not forbidden by any law]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1045</span>, etc.; [[οὐκ ὅσιόν ἐστι]] = [[nefas est]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.81</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ὅσιον ποιεῦμαι</b> I [[deem]] it [[impious]], <span class="bibl">Id.2.170</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Ep.</span>5.3</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδὲ ὅσια</b> (sc. [[ἐστι]]) . . [[μιαίνειν]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>416e</span>; οὐ γάρ σοι θέμις οὐδ' ὅσιον . . ἱστάναι κτερίσματα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>432</span>; ὅσια ποιέειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.86</span>.α'; λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.9.79</span>; φωνεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>662</span>; [[φρονεῖν]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1203</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of persons, [[pious]], [[devout]], [[religious]], ἄνδρες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>27</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>850</span> (lyr.), etc.; Παλλάδος ὁσία [[πόλις]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1320</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ὅ. θιασῶται, μύσται</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>327</span>,<span class="bibl">336</span> (both lyr.); ἐμαυτὸν ὅσιον καὶ δίκαιον [[παρέχειν]] <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.2.2</span>; ὅσιοι πρὸς οὐ δικαίους ἱστάμεθα <span class="bibl">Th.5.104</span>; opp. [[ἀνόσιος]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>547</span>; opp. [[ἐπίορκος]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.6.25</span>; <b class="b3">ὅσιος εἴς τινα, περὶ ξένους</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>719</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyc.</span>125</span>; πρὸς τοὺς τοκέας <span class="bibl">Gorg.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[sinless]], [[pure]], ἐξ ὁσίων στομάτων <span class="bibl">Emp.4.2</span>; ὅσιος ἔστω καὶ [[εὐαγής]] Lex Solonis ap.<span class="bibl">And.1.96</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ἱερῶν πατρῴων ὅσιος</b> [[in regard to]] the [[sacred]] [[rite]]s of his [[forefather]]s, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1015</span>; ὅσιος ἀπ' εὐνᾶς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>150</span> (lyr.); also <b class="b3">ὅσιαι χέρες</b> [[pure]], [[clean]] [[hand]]s, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>378</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>470</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> rarely of the gods, [[holy]], <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">H.</span>77.2</span>; θεοῖς ὁ. καὶ δικαίοις <span class="title">CIG</span>3830 (Cotyaeum), cf. 3594 (Alexandria Troas). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> title of [[five]] [[special]] [[priest]]s at [[Delphi]], Plu.2.292d, 365a. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[οἱ ὅσιοι]] = 'the [[saint]]s', <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ps.</span> 29(30).4</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[ὁσίως]] <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.12</span>, etc.; [[ὁσίως]] οὔχ, ὑπ' ἀνάγκας δέ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>63</span> (lyr.); [[οὐχ ὁσίως]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1287</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.5</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]); καλῶς καὶ ὁ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>113d</span>; [[δικαίως]] καὶ [[ὁσίως]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>331a</span>; ὁσίως καὶ κατὰ νόμον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>799b</span>; <b class="b3">ὁσίως ἂν ὑμῖν ἔχοι τοῦτον θύειν . .</b> it would be [[right]] for you that he should... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.5.26</span> : c. part., <b class="b3">ὁ. ἂν ἔχοι αὐτῷ μὴ δεχομένῳ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>4.7.2</span> : Comp. ὁσιώτερον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1194</span>, etc.: Sup., ὡς ὁσιώτατα [[διαβιῶναι]] τὸν βίον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>81b</span>, etc. (Not in Hom., who has only Subst. [[ὁσίη]], v. [[ὁσία]].) </span>