σπήλαιον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[grotto]], [[cavern]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>514a</span>, <span class="bibl">515a</span>, <span class="bibl">539e</span>, Moschio Trag. <span class="bibl">6.5</span>, Satyr.<span class="title">Vit.Eur.Fr.</span>39 ix 6, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>6.15</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">σ. λῃστῶν</b> [[den]] of robbers, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Je.</span>7.11</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>21.13</span>; of a [[grave]], Supp.Epigr.7.160 (Palmyra, i A.D.), 166 (ibid., ii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>11.38</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[privy parts]], <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Hb.</span> 2.15</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[place behind the scenes]] in a theatre, <span class="bibl">Poll.4.124</span>.</span>

|elnltext=σπήλαιον -ου, τό [~ σπέος?] grot, hol, spelonk:. σ. λῃστῶν rovershol NT Mt. 21.13.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[cave]], [[cavern]] (Pl., LXX, NT a. o.).<br />Derivatives: [[σπηλαιώδης]] [[cave-like]], <b class="b3">-αΐτης</b> m. [[god of caves]] (Paus.), <b class="b3">-άδιον</b> n. (Theopomp. Com.; after the dimin. in <b class="b3">-άδιον</b>; not <b class="b3">-ᾳδιον</b>; cf. Hdn. Gr. 2, 488, 12). -- Beside it [[σπῆλυγξ]], <b class="b3">-υγγος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist., Theoc., A. R. a.o.) with <b class="b3">σπηλυγγ-ώδης</b> (EM), <b class="b3">-οειδής</b> (sch.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)<br />Etymology: Both [[σπήλαιον]] and [[σπῆλυγξ]] are clearly enlarging transformations of one and the same basic word after diff. examples: with [[σπῆλυγξ]] cf. the semantically close [[σῆραγξ]], [[φάραγξ]], also [[φάρυγξ]], [[λάρυγξ]]; [[σπήλαιον]] after <b class="b3">κατά-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπό-γαιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ον</b>? The basic <b class="b3">λ-</b>stem can be in the same relation to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem in [[σπέος]] as e.g. <b class="b3">νεφ-έλη</b> to <b class="b3">νέφ-ος</b>. Further unclear; quite doubtful hypotheses w. lit. in Bq s. v., WP. 2, 680, W.-Hofmann s. [[spīrō]]. -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[spēlaeum]] and [[spēlunca]] (s. W.-Hofmann [[sub verbo|s.v.]] and Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 60f.); Alb. LW [loanword] <b class="b2">shpellë</b> [[rock]], [[cave]] (Pisani Jb. f. kleinas. Forsch. 3, 152). - Furnée 123 reconstructs a <b class="b3">*σπῆλυξ</b>. <b class="b3">-υκος</b> from Lat. <b class="b2">*speluca</b>. He further adduces [[πῆλυξ]] = [[ῥαγάς]] (H., Phot.). He also reminds of Etr. <b class="b2">śpel(a)</b> <b class="b2">cave, tomb`</b>. The word is no doubt Pre-Greek (note the prenasalization and the suffix <b class="b3">-υγγ-</b>).