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φόβος: Difference between revisions
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|Beta Code=fo/bos | |Beta Code=fo/bos | ||
|Definition=ὁ, ([[φέβομαι]]) < | |Definition=ὁ, ([[φέβομαι]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[panic flight]], the usual sense in Hom., cf. Sch. Il.11.71 (but cf. [[φύζα]], φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη Il.9.2); once in Od., οἱ δ' ἔσχοντο φόβου 24.57; freq. in Il., Δαναῶν γένετο ἰαχή τε φ. τε 15.396; πρῶτος Πηνέλεως.. ἦρχε φόβοιο 17.597; ἐς φόβον ἀνδρῶν 15.310; [[φόβονδε]] = [[φύγαδε]], ἑστάμεναι κρατερῶς, μηδὲ [[τρωπᾶσθε]] [[φόβονδε]] ib.666; φόβονδ' ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους 8.139; [[μή τι φόβονδ' ἀγόρευε]] = [[counsel]] not to [[flight]], 5.252; ἀΐξαντα [[φόβονδε]] 17.579; ὦρσαν φόβον Δαναοῖς B.12.145.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[Φόβος]] personified, as son of Ares, Il.13.299; Δεῖμός τε Φ. τε 11.37, cf. 4.440, 15.119, Hes.''Th.''934, A.''Th.''45; worshipped at Selinus, ''IG''14.268.2.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[panic fear]], [στρατῷ] φ. ἐμβάλλειν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.10.έ; ἐν τῷ γινομένῳ φ. Id.9.69; generally, [[fear]], [[terror]] (distinguished from [[δέος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]])), τορὸς [[ὀρθόθριξ]] φ. A.''Ch.''32 (lyr.); [[διάτορος]] φ. Id.''Pr.''183 (lyr.); [[ταρβόσυνος]] Id.''Th.''240 (lyr.); [[νεανικός]] E.''Hipp.''1204; joined with [[δέος]] and [[δεῖμα]], v. sub vocc.; opp. [[θάρρος]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''644c; sometimes in milder sense, [[doubt]], [[scruple]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 101b; ἔχει πολλὴν [[ὑποψία]]ν καὶ φ. ὡς.. Id.''Sph.''268a: also, [[awe]], [[reverence]], for a [[ruler]] or [[divine]] [[being]], τοῦ ἡγεμόνος ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''1642.17 (iii A.D.); θεοῦ [[LXX]] ''Ps.''35(36).1, ''PLond.''2.418.4 (iv A.D.): τοῦ κυρίου ''Act.Ap.''931.—Construction, a. c. gen. obj., [[fear]] or [[dread]] of... [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''116 (lyr.), Th.3.54, etc.; φόβος τοῦ στρατεῦσαι X.''An.''3.1.18: c. dupl.gen., ὀμμάτων εἰληφότας φόβον.. τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπεισόδου [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''730: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος X.''An.''7.2.37 codd.; ὁ ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων φόβος Id.''Cyr.''3.3.53; οὑξ ὀνειράτων φ. A.''Ch.'' 929; πρός τινος S.''El.''783; πρός τινας D.16.10, 25.93; φ. περὶ τοῦ καρποῦ = [[fear]] for or concerning... Th.4.88; φόβος ἑκάστων πέρι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Philebus|Phlb.]]'' 20b; ὑπὲρ τοῦ μέλλοντος Th.7.41; τὸν ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τοὺς βαρβάρους φ. X.''An.''1.2.18; [[τῷ καθ' ἑαυτὸν φόβῳ]] = [[from personal fear]], D.19.2: c. inf., φόβῳ [[εἰσορᾶν]] from [[fear]] to [[see]], E.''IT''1342:—for [[τεθνάναι τῷ φόβῳ τινά]], v. [[θνῄσκω]] 1.2.<br><span class="bld">b</span> with Verbs, τεύχειν φόβον [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''1090 (anap.); κλάζουσι κώδωνες φ. Id.''Th.''386; φ. ποιεῖν τοῖς ἵπποις X.''An.'' 1.8.18; παρασχεῖν [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''1113, etc.; [[παρασκευάζειν]] D.59.86; φόβους [[ἐμβάλλειν]], φόβον ἐνθεῖναί τινι, to [[strike]] [[terror]] into one, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.7.18, ''An.''7.4.1; ἐνεργάσασθαί τινι Isoc.7.38, 11.25; ἔδωκ' Ἀπόλλων θῆρας φόβῳ Pi.''P.''5.61; of the person who feels fear, φόβον [[λαβεῖν]], [[ἔχειν]], E.''El.''39, X.''Hier.''11.11; ἐκ φόβου φ. τρέφω S.''Tr.''28: acc. cogn., [[φόβους φοβεῖσθαι]], [[φόβους δεδοικέναι]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 360b, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Supplices|Supp.]]''548; τὸν σὸν οὐ ταρβῶ φ. = I [[fear]] not with thy [[fear]], i.e. not like thee, S.''Ph.''1251; Ταντάλου φ. [[φοβεῖσθαι]] Sch.E.''Or.''6; ἐς φ. κατιστέατο [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.12, cf. Th.2.81; ἐν φ. γενέσθαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 578e; φ. μ' ἔχει A.''Ag.''1243, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]'' 1255; μοι φ. τις εἰσελήλυθ', μ' ὑπῆλθέ τις φ., ib.1324, S.''Ph.''1231; τοῖς Ἕλλησι φ. ἐμπίπτει X.''An.''2.2.19, etc.; διὰ φόβου [[ἔρχομαι]], διὰ φόβων [[γίγνομαι]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''757 (troch.), [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''791b: opp. φόβον [[λύειν]] A.''Th.'' 270, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''104; διαλῦσαι Pl.''Mx.''241b; φόβους ἐξαίρει τῶν πολιτῶν Isoc. 2.23; ἀπεληλακέναι τινί [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.2.10; φόβου [[ἀπαλλάξεσθαι]] = to [[get rid of]] [[fear]], ib.5.2.32; φόβου ἐκλύσασθαί τινα [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1002; φόβους ἀπολύεσθαι Arist.''Rh.''1415b18; φόβου μεθεῖσα (Valck. [[φόβον]]) E.''Hel.''555; φόβου ἔξωθεν εἶναι Id.''El.''901; ἵνα φόβος εἴη στρατεύειν X.''An.''2.4.3; οὐ φ. μὴ.. Id.''Mem.''2.1.25; φ. ἐστὶν ὅπως μὴ.. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 193a; but [[φόβος εἰ πείσω]] I [[fear]] I shall not [[persuade]]... E.''Med.''184 (anap.); ἡμέας ἔχει φ. τε καὶ δέος ὅκως χρὴ.. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.115 (φόβος ἦν ὥστε μὴ [[τέγξαι]] is [[corrupt]] in E.''IT''1380): adverbial usages, [[φόβῳ]] = [[by fear]] or [[through fear]], A.''Supp.''786 (lyr.), ''Th.''240 (lyr.), etc.; ἀνάγκῃ καὶ φόβῳ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 554d: with Preps., [[διὰ φόβον]], [[διὰ τὸν φόβον]], Democr.41, X.''Hier.''1.38, ''Cyr.''3.1.24; ἐκ τίνος φόβου; [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''887; μετὰ φόβων Isoc.2.26; ἄρχειν ξὺν φόβοισι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''585; προαποθνῄσκειν ὑπὸ τοῦ φ. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.25; Poet., ἀμφὶ φόβῳ [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''825 (lyr.): pl., not only in Poets, as Pi.''N.''9.27, A.''Th.''134 (prob. l.), [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''531, etc., but also in Prose, φόβους καὶ δείματα Th.7.80; πόνους καὶ φόβους Pl. ''Lg.''635c; κινδύνους καὶ φόβους Id.''Tht.''173a.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[object]] or [[cause]] of [[terror]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1652; [[φόβος ἀκοῦσαι]] = [[a terror to hear]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.112: pl., ἢν φόβους λέγῃ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''917; πολλῶν φ. προσαγομένων X.''An.''4.1.23. | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=ου (ὁ) :<br /><b>I.</b> [[action de faire fuir en effarouchant]] ; action d'effaroucher, d' | |btext=ου (ὁ) :<br /><b>I.</b> [[action de faire fuir en effarouchant]] ; [[action d'effaroucher, d'effrayer]] ; [[objet d'épouvante]], [[épouvantail]] ; <i>au pl.</i> οἱ φόβοι = objets excitant la crainte ([[spectre]], [[fantôme]], <i>etc.</i>) ; [[action de mettre en fuite]];<br /><b>II.</b> [[le fait d'être effarouché]] ; le fait d'être mis en fuite par la crainte :<br /><b>1</b> [[fuite]] : φόβου ἄρχεσθαι IL commencer à prendre la fuite;<br /><b>2</b> <i>postér.</i> [[crainte]], [[frayeur]], [[effroi]] : φόβον ποιεῖν IL, τεύχειν IL exciter la crainte ; φόβον ἐπιβάλλειν IL, ἐμβάλλειν XÉN jeter la crainte dans l'esprit de qqn ; εἰς φόβον καταστῆναι THC entrer en crainte ; [[φόβος]] [[ἐστί]] <i>ou simpl.</i> [[φόβος]] il est à craindre, il est [[scabreux]] ; ὑπὸ τοῦ φόβου προαποθνῄσκειν XÉN mourir d'avance de peur ; πρὸς τὸν πρῶτον φόβον dans le premier effroi ; [[φόβος]] βαρβάρων XÉN crainte éprouvée par les barbares.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[φέβομαι]]. | ||
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{{elru | {{elru | ||
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{{mantoulidis | {{mantoulidis | ||
|mantxt=Ἀπό τό ποιητ. [[ρῆμα]] [[φέβομαι]] (=τρέπομαι σέ [[φυγή]]). Δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα στό [[ρῆμα]] [[φοβέω]] -ῶ. | |mantxt=Ἀπό τό ποιητ. [[ρῆμα]] [[φέβομαι]] (=τρέπομαι σέ [[φυγή]]). Δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα στό [[ρῆμα]] [[φοβέω]] -ῶ. | ||
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{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[timor]]'', [[fear]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.9.2/ 1.9.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%201.9.3/ 1.9.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.33.3/ 1.33.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.123.1/ 1.123.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.140.5/ 1.140.5]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.141.1/ 1.141.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.53.4/ 2.53.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.87.4/ 2.87.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.89.10/ 2.89.10]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.91.4/ 2.91.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.42.4/ 3.42.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.54.5/ 3.54.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.79.3/ 3.79.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.112.7/ 3.112.7]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.10.5/ 4.10.5]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.59.2/ 4.59.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.88.1/ 4.88.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.106.1/ 4.106.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.11.1/ 5.11.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.16.3/ 5.16.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.71.1/ 5.71.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.97.1/ 5.97.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.111.1/ 5.111.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.34.9/ 6.34.9]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.36.2/ 6.36.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.63.2/ 6.63.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.70.1/ 6.70.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.86.1/ 6.86.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.56.2/ 7.56.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.61.2/ 7.61.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.71.2/ 7.71.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.75.3/ 7.75.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.80.3/ 7.80.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.1.2/ 8.1.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.73.3/ 8.73.3].<br>''[[timorem incutere]]'', to [[inspire fear]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.23.6/ 1.23.6], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.49.4/ 1.49.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.89.5/ 2.89.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.11.4/ 3.11.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.12.1/ 3.12.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.44.6/ 7.44.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.92.11/ 8.92.11],<br>''[[conterrere]]'', to [[terrify greatly]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.105.3/ 8.105.3],<br>''[[conterreri]]'', to [[be greatly frightened]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.81.6/ 2.81.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.96.5/ 4.96.5]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.44.7/ 7.44.7].<br>''[[timere]]'', to [[fear]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.34.2/ 6.34.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.59.2/ 6.59.2]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{trml | {{trml | ||
|trtx====[[fear]]=== | |trtx====[[fear]]=== | ||
Afrikaans: vrees; Albanian: frikë, druaj; Amharic: ፍርሃት; Arabic: خَوْف, وَهَل; Egyptian Arabic: خوف; Moroccan Arabic: خوف, خْلعة; Armenian: վախ, երկյուղ, ահ; Assamese: ভয়; Asturian: mieu; Azerbaijani: qorxu; Bashkir: ҡурҡыу; Basque: herstura; Bats: ჴერლʻომ; Belarusian: страх, баязнь, боязнь, боязь; Bengali: ভয়, ডর, ত্রাস; Breton: aon; Bulgarian: страх, боязън, опасение; Burmese: ဘယာ; Catalan: por, paüra, basarda, temor; Cebuano: hadlok; Cherokee: ᎤᎾᏰᎯᏍᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 恐怖; Cantonese: 恐懼; Classical Chinese: 惧; Cimbrian: dabòrte; Czech: strach, bázeň, obava; Danish: angst, frygt; Dutch: [[angst]], [[vrees]]; Esperanto: timo; Estonian: hirm, kartus; Even: ҥэл-; Evenki: ӈэлэтчэми; Extremaduran: mieu; Faroese: ótti, ræðsla, angist, bangilsi; Finnish: pelko, kammo; French: [[peur]], [[crainte]]; Friulian: pôre, timôr; Galician: medo, receo, temor; Georgian: ზარი, შიში; German: [[Angst]], [[Bange]], [[Schreck]], [[Furcht]]; Alemannic German: Angscht, Engschti; Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍃, 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[φόβος]]; Ancient Greek: [[δεῖμα]], [[δέος]], [[ἔκπληξις]], [[ὄκνος]], [[ὀρρωδία]], [[ὀρρωδίη]], [[πτόησις]], [[πτοίησις]], [[τάρβος]], [[τρόμος]], [[φόβος]]; Hawaiian: makaʻu; Hebrew: פָּחַד; Higaonon: haduk; Hiligaynon: hadlok; Hindi: डर, भय, ख़ौफ़, खौफ, सहम; Hungarian: félelem; Icelandic: hræðsla, beygur, ótti; Indonesian: takut; Interlingua: timor, pavor; Irish: eagla; Istriot: tamur, pagura; Italian: [[paura]], [[timore]]; Japanese: 恐れ, 恐怖; Javanese: wedi; Kannada: ಭಯ, ಹೆದರಿಕೆ; Kashubian: strach; Kazakh: қорқыныш, үрей; Khmer: សេចក្ដីខ្លាច; Korean: 공포(恐怖), 겁; Kurdish Central Kurdish: ترس; Northern Kurdish: tirs; Kyrgyz: коркунуч, коркуу; Ladino: espanto, ispantu, temor; Lao: ຫວາດ, ຄວາມຢ້ານ, ຄວາມກົວ; Latgalian: baime, baile; Latin: [[timor]], [[metus]], [[pavor]]; Latvian: bailes, bažas; Ligurian: poîa, póia; Lithuanian: baimė, bijojimas; Low German: Furcht; Luxembourgish: Angscht, Fuercht; Macedonian: страв; Malay: ketakutan, takut; Malayalam: ഭയം, പേടി; Maltese: biża; Manx: aggle; Maore Comorian: fazaa 9, trisidzo; Marathi: भीती; Middle English: fer, ferd; Mirandese: miedo; Mongolian: аймшиг; Nanai: нгэлэ-; Nepali: डर, भय, त्रास; Ngazidja Comorian: uhara; Norwegian Bokmål: frykt, redsel, redsel; Occitan: paur; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: страхъ, боꙗзнь; Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱃⰰⱈⱏ; Old East Slavic: страхъ; Old English: eġe; Old French: peor; Old Javanese: wĕdi; Old Norse: ótti, hræðsla, uggr; Old Occitan: paor; Oriya: ଡର; Oromo: sodaa; Ossetian: тас; Pashto: ډار; Persian: ترس, بیم, هراس, خوف; Plautdietsch: Forcht; Polabian: stroch; Polish: strach, niepokój, bojaźń; Portuguese: [[medo]], [[temor]], [[receio]]; Romanian: frică, teamă; Romansch: tema; Russian: [[страх]], [[боязнь]], [[опасение]]; Rusyn: страх; Sanskrit: भय; Sardinian: timoria; Scottish Gaelic: eagal, uabhas, oillt; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: стра̑х, бо̏ја̄зан; Roman: strȃh, bȍjāzan; Sicilian: paura, pagura; Sinhalese: බය; Slovak: strach, obava; Slovene: strah, bojazen; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: tšach; Upper Sorbian: trach; Spanish: [[miedo]], [[temor]], [[pavor]], [[pavura]]; Svan: მაყალ; Swahili: woga, hofu; Swedish: skräck, rädsla; Sylheti: ꠒꠞ; Tagalog: takot; Tajik: тарс, ҳарос, ваҳм, хавф; Tamil: பயம்; Tatar: курку; Telugu: భయము; Tetum: ta'uk; Divehi: ބިރުވެރިކަމަކީ; Thai: ความกลัว; Tibetan: ཞེད་སྣང; Tocharian B: īwate, parskalñe; Turkish: korku; Turkmen: gorky, heder; Ukrainian: страх, боязнь, ляк; Urdu: ڈر, خوف, بھی; Uyghur: قورقۇش; Uzbek: qoʻrquv, doʻq; Vietnamese: sự khiếp đảm, sự sợ hãi; Volapük: dred; Walloon: paw, peu; Welsh: ofn; White Hmong: ntshai; Yiddish: שרעק, מורא; Yoruba: ẹ̀rù | Afrikaans: vrees; Albanian: frikë, druaj; Amharic: ፍርሃት; Arabic: خَوْف, وَهَل; Egyptian Arabic: خوف; Moroccan Arabic: خوف, خْلعة; Armenian: վախ, երկյուղ, ահ; Assamese: ভয়; Asturian: mieu; Azerbaijani: qorxu; Bashkir: ҡурҡыу; Basque: herstura; Bats: ჴერლʻომ; Belarusian: страх, баязнь, боязнь, боязь; Bengali: ভয়, ডর, ত্রাস; Breton: aon; Bulgarian: страх, боязън, опасение; Burmese: ဘယာ; Catalan: por, paüra, basarda, temor; Cebuano: hadlok; Cherokee: ᎤᎾᏰᎯᏍᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 恐怖; Cantonese: 恐懼; Classical Chinese: 惧; Cimbrian: dabòrte; Czech: strach, bázeň, obava; Danish: angst, frygt; Dutch: [[angst]], [[vrees]]; Esperanto: timo; Estonian: hirm, kartus; Even: ҥэл-; Evenki: ӈэлэтчэми; Extremaduran: mieu; Faroese: ótti, ræðsla, angist, bangilsi; Finnish: pelko, kammo; French: [[peur]], [[crainte]]; Friulian: pôre, timôr; Galician: medo, receo, temor; Georgian: ზარი, შიში; German: [[Angst]], [[Bange]], [[Schreck]], [[Furcht]]; Alemannic German: Angscht, Engschti; Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍃, 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[φόβος]]; Ancient Greek: [[δεῖμα]], [[δέος]], [[ἔκπληξις]], [[ὄκνος]], [[ὀρρωδία]], [[ὀρρωδίη]], [[πτόησις]], [[πτοίησις]], [[τάρβος]], [[τρόμος]], [[φόβος]]; Hawaiian: makaʻu; Hebrew: פָּחַד; Higaonon: haduk; Hiligaynon: hadlok; Hindi: डर, भय, ख़ौफ़, खौफ, सहम; Hungarian: félelem; Icelandic: hræðsla, beygur, ótti; Indonesian: takut; Interlingua: timor, pavor; Irish: eagla; Istriot: tamur, pagura; Italian: [[paura]], [[timore]]; Japanese: 恐れ, 恐怖; Javanese: wedi; Kannada: ಭಯ, ಹೆದರಿಕೆ; Kashubian: strach; Kazakh: қорқыныш, үрей; Khmer: សេចក្ដីខ្លាច; Korean: 공포(恐怖), 겁; Kurdish Central Kurdish: ترس; Northern Kurdish: tirs; Kyrgyz: коркунуч, коркуу; Ladino: espanto, ispantu, temor; Lao: ຫວາດ, ຄວາມຢ້ານ, ຄວາມກົວ; Latgalian: baime, baile; Latin: [[timor]], [[metus]], [[pavor]]; Latvian: bailes, bažas; Ligurian: poîa, póia; Lithuanian: baimė, bijojimas; Low German: Furcht; Luxembourgish: Angscht, Fuercht; Macedonian: страв; Malay: ketakutan, takut; Malayalam: ഭയം, പേടി; Maltese: biża; Manx: aggle; Maore Comorian: fazaa 9, trisidzo; Marathi: भीती; Middle English: fer, ferd; Mirandese: miedo; Mongolian: аймшиг; Nanai: нгэлэ-; Nepali: डर, भय, त्रास; Ngazidja Comorian: uhara; Norwegian Bokmål: frykt, redsel, redsel; Occitan: paur; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: страхъ, боꙗзнь; Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱃⰰⱈⱏ; Old East Slavic: страхъ; Old English: eġe; Old French: peor; Old Javanese: wĕdi; Old Norse: ótti, hræðsla, uggr; Old Occitan: paor; Oriya: ଡର; Oromo: sodaa; Ossetian: тас; Pashto: ډار; Persian: ترس, بیم, هراس, خوف; Plautdietsch: Forcht; Polabian: stroch; Polish: strach, niepokój, bojaźń; Portuguese: [[medo]], [[temor]], [[receio]]; Romanian: frică, teamă; Romansch: tema; Russian: [[страх]], [[боязнь]], [[опасение]]; Rusyn: страх; Sanskrit: भय; Sardinian: timoria; Scottish Gaelic: eagal, uabhas, oillt; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: стра̑х, бо̏ја̄зан; Roman: strȃh, bȍjāzan; Sicilian: paura, pagura; Sinhalese: බය; Slovak: strach, obava; Slovene: strah, bojazen; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: tšach; Upper Sorbian: trach; Spanish: [[miedo]], [[temor]], [[pavor]], [[pavura]]; Svan: მაყალ; Swahili: woga, hofu; Swedish: skräck, rädsla; Sylheti: ꠒꠞ; Tagalog: takot; Tajik: тарс, ҳарос, ваҳм, хавф; Tamil: பயம்; Tatar: курку; Telugu: భయము; Tetum: ta'uk; Divehi: ބިރުވެރިކަމަކީ; Thai: ความกลัว; Tibetan: ཞེད་སྣང; Tocharian B: īwate, parskalñe; Turkish: korku; Turkmen: gorky, heder; Ukrainian: страх, боязнь, ляк; Urdu: ڈر, خوف, بھی; Uyghur: قورقۇش; Uzbek: qoʻrquv, doʻq; Vietnamese: sự khiếp đảm, sự sợ hãi; Volapük: dred; Walloon: paw, peu; Welsh: ofn; White Hmong: ntshai; Yiddish: שרעק, מורא; Yoruba: ẹ̀rù | ||
===[[doubt]]=== | |||
Albanian: dyshim; Arabic: شَكّ; Egyptian Arabic: شك; Aragonese: dubda; Armenian: կասկած, տարակույս, երկմտանք, երկբայություն, երկբայանք, կասկածելիություն; Assamese: সন্দেহ; Asturian: duda, dulda; Azerbaijani: şübhə, şəkk; Bashkir: шикләнеү, шөбһәләнеү, икеләнеү, шик, шөбһә; Belarusian: сумнеў, сумненне; Bengali: সন্দেহ; Bulgarian: съмнение; Burmese: သံသယ; Catalan: dubte; Chechen: шеко; Chinese Mandarin: 懷疑, 怀疑, 疑惑, 疑問, 疑问; Czech: pochyba, pochybnost; Danish: tvivl; Dutch: [[twijfel]]; Esperanto: dubo; Estonian: kõhklus, kahtlus; Faroese: ivi; Finnish: epäily, epäilys; French: [[doute]]; Old French: doutance; Galician: dúbida; Georgian: ეჭვი; German: [[Zweifel]]; Greek: [[αμφιβολία]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀμφιβολία]], [[ἀμφιβολίη]], [[ἀμφίγνοια]], [[ἀμφιλογία]], [[τὸ ἀμφίλογον]], [[ἀμφίλογον]], [[ἀμφισβήτησις]], [[ἀπιστία]], [[ἀπιστίη]], [[ἀπορία]], [[ἀπορίη]], [[διαγνοία]], [[διάκρισις]], [[διαλογισμός]], [[διαμφισβήτησις]], [[διαπόρησις]], [[διαφόρησις]], [[δίσταγμα]], [[δισταγμός]], [[διστασία]], [[δίστασις]], [[διστασμός]], [[διψυχία]], [[δοιή]], [[εἰκασία]], [[εἰκασίη]], [[ἐνδοίασις]], [[ἐνδοιασμός]], [[ἐνδυασμός]], [[ἐπαπόρημα]], [[τὸ ἄπιστον]], [[τὸ διστακτικόν]], [[φόβος]]; Hebrew: סָפֵק; Hindi: संदेह, शक; Hungarian: kétely, kétség; Icelandic: efasemd, efi, vafi; Ido: dubito; Indonesian: kebimbangan, keraguan; Interlingua: dubita; Irish: aincheas; Italian: [[dubbio]], [[perplessità]]; Japanese: 不審, 疑問, 疑い; Kazakh: күмән, шүбә, шек; Khmer: កង្ខា; Korean: 의혹(疑惑); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: guman, gûş, hulhul, şik, şube, şûf; Kyrgyz: күмөн, шек; Lao: ສົງໄສ; Latin: [[dubitas]], [[dubitatio]], [[dubium]]; Latvian: šaubas; Lithuanian: abejonė, dvejonė; Luxembourgish: Zweiwel; Macedonian: сомнеж, сомневање; Malay: keraguan; Malayalam: സംശയം; Manx: dooyt, ourys; Maori: kumukumu; Mongolian Cyrillic: сэжиг, эргэлзээ, дамжиг; Norwegian: tvil; Occitan: dobte; Old English: twēo; Oromo: mamii, shakkii; Pashto: شک, شبهه; Persian: شک; Polish: wątpliwość; Portuguese: [[dúvida]], [[incerteza]]; Romanian: dubiu, îndoială; Russian: [[сомнение]]; Scottish Gaelic: amharas, mì-chinnt, teagamh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сумња; Roman: súmnja; Sicilian: dùbbitu; Slovak: pochybnosť; Slovene: dvom; Spanish: [[duda]], [[incertidumbre]]; Swahili: shaka; Swedish: tvekan, tvivel; Tagalog: duda, alinlangan; Tajik: шак, шубҳа; Tamil: சந்தேகம், ஐயம்; Tatar: шик; Telugu: సందేహము, శంక; Thai: สงสัย; Tocharian B: sklok; Turkish: kuşku, şüphe, şek, güman; Turkmen: şübhe; Ukrainian: сумнів; Urdu: شک; Uyghur: شۈبھە, گۇمان, شەك; Uzbek: shubha, gumon, shak; Vietnamese: nghi ngờ; Volapük: dot; Welsh: amheuaeth; West Frisian: twivel; Yiddish: צווייפֿל; Zazaki: şek | |||
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