ἄκρος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, (on the Root <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> v. [[ἀκή]] A) [[at the farthest point]] or [[at the farthest end]], hence either [[topmost]], [[outermost]], or [[inmost]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[highest]], [[topmost]], ἀκροτάτῃ κορυφῇ <span class="bibl">Il.1.499</span>, al.; [[ἐν πόλει ἄκρῃ]], = [[ἐν ἀκροπόλει]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.88</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">257</span>; ἄκρῳ Ὀλύμπῳ <span class="bibl">13.523</span>; ἀνὰ Γαργάρῳ ἄκρῳ <span class="bibl">14.352</span>; λάψοντες . . μέλαν ὕδωρ [[ἄκρον]] = [[at its surface]], <span class="bibl">16.162</span>; [[ἄκρον ῥινόν]] = [[surface of skin]], <span class="bibl">Od.22.278</span>; [[ἐπ' ἄκρων ὀρέων]] = [[on mountain tops]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1106</span>: Sup. ἀκρότατος, ὔσδος Sapph.93.2; [[ὀρόφοισι]] Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.140</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[outermost]], [[πεδίον ἐπ' ἄκρον]] = [[to the farthest edge of the plain]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 1197</span>; [[κατ' ἄκρας σπιλάδος]] from the [[surface]] of a stone, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>678</span>; especially of [[extremities]] of body, [[ἄκρα χείρ]], [[ἄκροι πόδες]], [[ἄκρος ὦμος]], [[end]] of [[hand]], [[ends]] of [[feet]], [[tip]] of [[shoulder]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.336</span>, <span class="bibl">16.640</span>, <span class="bibl">17.599</span>; ἄκρων χειρῶν καὶ ποδῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.119</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span> 183b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>76e</span>; but [[τὸ ἄκρον τῆς χειρός]] = [[thumb]], [[τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ ποδός]] = [[great toe]], <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ex.</span>29.20</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Le.</span>18.22</span>; γλῶσσαν ἄκραν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 238</span>; [[πίτυν ἄκρας τῆς κόμης καθέλκων]] = [[by the top of the crown]], <span class="bibl">Cratin. 296</span>:—[[ἐπ' ἄκρων]], [[ἐπ' ἄκρων δακτύλων]] = [[on tiptoe]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 1230</span>, ubi v. Sch.; comically, [[ἐπ' ἄκρων πυγιδίων]] on [[tip-tail]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>638</span>; ἐν ἄκροισι βὰς ποσί <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1166</span>; παρ' ἄκρας τρίχας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span> 128</span>; ἀκροτάτοις χείλεσι <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span> 547.8:—[[οὐκ ἀπ' ἄκρας φρενός]] = [[not from the outside of the heart]], i.e. [[from the inmost heart]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>805</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span> 242</span>; [[ἄκροισι λαίφους κρασπέδοις]] = [[with mere edges of sail]], i.e. [[under close-reefed sails]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>524</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>999</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Geom., of the [[extremity]] of a [[line]], ἡ ἐπ' ἄκραν τὴν ἀποληφθεῖσαν ἀγομένη Apollon. Perg.<span class="title">Con.</span> 4.8: Math., of [[extreme]]s in a [[proportion]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>36a</span>, etc.; [[εἰς ἄκρον καὶ μέσον λόγον τέμνειν]] = [[cut in extreme and mean ratio]], <span class="bibl">Euc.6.30</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">5</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>17. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> in Tactics, [[ἄκροι]], οἱ, [[flank men]], Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>1.3, cf. 7.6. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[inmost]], μυελός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span> 255</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of [[time]], [[ἄκρᾳ σὺν ἑσπέρᾳ]] = on the [[edge]] of [[evening]]. i.e. [[at nightfall]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 11.10</span>, cf. [[ἄκρῃ]] νυκτί <span class="bibl">Arat.775</span>; [[ἄκρου τοῦ ἔαρος]] at [[beginning]] of spring, <span class="title">IPE</span>12.352.29 (Cherson., ii B. C.); but usually denoting completeness, [[ἄκρου τοῦ θέρεος]] at [[mid]]-[[summer]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>3.18</span>; χειμῶνος ἄκρω <span class="bibl">Theoc. 11.37</span>; [[ἄκρας νυκτός]] at [[dead]] of [[night]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>285</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> of Degree, [[highest]] in its kind, [[consummate]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of persons, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.112</span>, <span class="bibl">6.122</span>; [[τοξότης]] ἄ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>628</span>; θεσφάτων γνώμων ἄ. ib.<span class="bibl">1130</span>; μάντις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1499</span>; ἰατροί <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Lib.</span>p.67</span> O.; οἱ πάντῃ ἄ., οἱ ἀκρότατοι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>148c</span>; of any extremes, opp. τὰ μεταξύ, τοῖς ἄ. τὰ ἄ. ἀποδιδόναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>478e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>90a</span>; of classes in a [[state]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1296b39</span>: in moral sense, both good and bad, ἐπιδικάζονται οἱ ἄ. τῆς μέσης χώρας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1107b31</span>; αἱ ἄ. [διαθέσεις] ib.<span class="bibl">1108b14</span>, cf. [[ἄκρον]] <span class="bibl">11.1</span>:—c. acc. modi, ψυχὴν οὐκ ἄ. not [[strong]] of [[mind]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.124</span>; ἄ. τὰ πολέμια <span class="bibl">7.111</span>; ἄ. [[ὀργή]]ν = [[quick]] to [[anger]], [[passionate]], <span class="bibl">1.73</span>; Εὐρώπη ἀρετὴν ἄκρη <span class="bibl">7.5</span>: c.gen., οἱ ἄ. τῆς ποιήσεως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>152e</span>; ἄ. εἰς [[φιλοσοφία]]ν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>499c</span>; περὶ [[ὁπλομαχία]]ν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>833e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of things, [[highest]], [[extreme]], [[συμφορά]] <span class="bibl">Alex. 222.4</span> (cj. Dobree); [[νηστεία]] <span class="bibl">Diph.54</span>: Sup., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>45a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> as [[substantive]], v. [[ἄκρα]], [[ἄκρον]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> neut. as adverb, [[on the top]] or [[on the surface]], ἄκρον ἐπὶ ῥηγμῖνος <span class="bibl">Il.20.229</span>; ἄκρα δ' ἐπ' αὐτᾶς βαθμῖδος <span class="title">AP</span>7.428.3 (Mel.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> reg. Adv. [[ἄκρως]], [[ἀνεστάλθαι]] to be [[turn]]ed up at the [[point]], Hp.<span class="title">Mochl.</span>24. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[utterly]], [[perfectly]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>543a</span>, <span class="bibl">Hegesand. 4</span>; μόνος ἄκρως <span class="bibl">Euphro 1.5</span>; [[σχῆμα]] ἄ. στρογγύλον = [[absolutely]] [[round]], Hero *Deff.76. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> [[skilfully]], <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Lib.</span>p.27</span> O.</span>

|dgtxt=-α, -ον<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [beoc. gen. ἀκρῦ Corinn.1.1.3]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b> [[lo más elevado de]] ἄκρῳ Ὀλύμπῳ <i>Il</i>.13.523, ἐν πόλει ἄκρῃ = <i>en la acrópolis</i>, <i>Il</i>.6.88, [[δρῦς]] ἄ. = <i>la copa de la encina</i> Hes.<i>Op</i>.233, πίτυν ... ἄκρας τῆς [[κόμης]] καθέλκων Cratin.328, ἐπ' [[ἄκρων]] ὀρέων S.<i>OT</i> 1106, κύματος [[ἔξοθεν]] ἄκρου Ibyc.49.1<br /><b class="num">•</b> en sup. ἀκροτάτῳ Ἑλικῶνι Hes.<i>Th</i>.7, Φίκιον ἀκρότατον Hes.<i>Sc</i>.33, ἀκροτάτου ... [[ὑπὲρ]] Κασίου <i>IKeramos</i> 11.7 (heleníst.), κύματος ἀκροτάτοιο Opp.<i>H</i>.4.334<br /><b class="num">•</b> sup. c. gen. partit. ἀκροτάτῃ κορυφῇ ... Ὀλύμποιο <i>Il</i>.1.499, ἀπ' ἀκροτάτης κορυφῆς ... Ὀλύμπου Hes.<i>Th</i>.62<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[lo más elevado]] ἄκρῳ ἐπ' ὔσδῳ Sapph.105a.1, κατὰ δ' ἀκροτάτοις ὀρόφοισιν Hdt.7.140.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[de la parte de arriba]] o [[de fuera]], [[superficial]] λάψοντες ... [[μέλαν]] [[ὕδωρ]] [[ἄκρον]] <i>Il</i>.16.162, [[ἄκρον]] [[ῥινόν]] <i>Od</i>.22.278, κατ' ἄκρας σπιλάδος S.<i>Tr</i>.678, ἄκρ' ἐπ' [[ἄνθη]] [[καβαίνων]] = <i>andando sobre las flores</i> de Eros, Alcm.58.2, [[οὐκ]] ἀπ' ἄκρας φρενός = <i>desde el fondo del corazón</i> A.<i>A</i>.805, cf. E.<i>Hec</i>.242.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b> [[alejado]], [[apartado]], [[extremo]] [[πεδίον]] S.<i>Ant</i>.1197<br /><b class="num">•</b> esp. en mat. [[del extremo]] en una [[proporción]] εἰς [[ἄκρον]] καὶ [[μέσον]] λόγον τέμνειν Euc.6.30, cf. 5<i>Def</i>.17, de una línea ἡ ἐπ' ἄκραν τὴν ἀποληφθεῖσαν ἀγομένη Apollon.Perg.<i>Con</i>.4.8<br /><b class="num">•</b> estrat. οἱ ἄκροι ᾱ καὶ ᾱ = <i>los (soldados) a y a del extremo (de las alas)</i>, Ascl.<i>Tact</i>.7.6.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[extremo]] [[δράκων]] ... [[κάρα]] βεβροτωμένος [[ἄκρον]] = <i>serpiente ... con cara humana</i> Stesich.42.1<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[lo más extremo]] ἄ. [[ὦμος]] = <i>el saliente del hombro</i>, la parte alta del hombro</i>, <i>Il</i>.17.599, [[γλῶσσα]] [[ἄκρα]] = <i>punta de la lengua</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.238, ἄκρας τρίχας E.<i>Or</i>.128, ἐπ' [[ἄκρων]] πυγιδίων ἐκάθησθε = <i>estábais sentados sobre la punta de vuestros culitos</i> Ar.<i>Ach</i>.638<br /><b class="num">•</b> esp. ἄ. [[χείρ]], ἄ. πόδες [[punta de las manos]] o [[de los pies]], [[dedos]], <i>Il</i>.5.336, 16.640, Hdt.1.119, Th.2.49, Pl.<i>La</i>.183b, ἐν δ' ἄκροισι βὰς ποσίν = <i>marchando de puntillas</i> E.<i>Io</i> 1166, cf. A.R.2.90<br /><b class="num">•</b> c. gen. partit. δακτύλοις ποδῶν ἄκροις ἐπιβεβηκώς Ph.1.153<br /><b class="num">•</b> en sup. πύργων ... κατ' ἀκροτάτων <i>CEG</i> 658.4 (Arcadia IV a.C.), ἀκροτάτοις χείλεσι = <i>al borde de los labios</i>, <i>IG</i> 14.607e.8 (Cerdeña I/II d.C.), Nonn.<i>D</i>.5.246.<br /><b class="num">III</b> en sent. temp. [[que sucede en el momento culminante]]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[al final de]], [[entrado]], [[avanzado]] ἄκρᾳ σὺν ἑσπέρᾳ = <i>al final de la tarde</i> Pi.<i>P</i>.11.10, ἄκρας νυκτός = <i>entrada la noche</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.285, χειμῶνος ἄκρῳ = <i>avanzado el invierno</i> Theoc.11.37.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[a primera hora de]], [[al principio de]] ἄκρου τοῦ θέρεος Hp.<i>Aph</i>.3.18, ἄκρῃ νυκτί Arat.775, ἄκρου τοῦ ἔαρος <i>IPE</i> 1².352.29 (Quersoneso Táurico II a.C.), ἄκρας νυκτός· περὶ πρῶτον [[ὕπνον]] Zonar.105.9C.<br /><b class="num">IV</b> [[hondo]], [[íntimo]] [[μυελός]] E.<i>Hipp</i>.255.<br /><b class="num">V</b> fig.<br /><b class="num">1</b> de pers. [[consumado]], [[experto]] [[τοξότης]] A.<i>A</i>.628, [[μάντις]] S.<i>El</i>.1499, ἰατροί Phld.<i>Lib</i>.T.12.M.6, c. dat. Ἴωνες ἄκροι [[νηυσί]] Hdt.5.112, c. gen. ἄ. τῆς ποιήσεως Pl.<i>Tht</i>.152e, c. ac. de rel. ἄ. τὰ πολέμια Hdt.7.111, c. otras constr. ἄ. εἰς φιλοσοφίαν Pl.<i>R</i>.499c, ἄ. περὶ ὁπλομαχίαν Pl.<i>Lg</i>.833e<br /><b class="num">•</b> de características intelectuales o anímicas de pers. [[formado]], [[fuerte]], [[excelente]] ψυχὴν [[οὐκ]] [[ἄκρος]] Hdt.5.124, ἄ. ὀργήν = <i>de buen carácter</i> Hdt.1.73, [[Εὐρώπη]] [[ἄκρη]] ἀρετήν Hdt.7.5<br /><b class="num">•</b> subst. οἱ ἄκροι = <i>los moralmente extremados, rígidos</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1107^b31, pero οἱ ἄκροι = <i>los de las clases superiores</i> Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1296^b39.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de abstr. [[sublime]] ἀρεταί Pi.<i>O</i>.13.15, ἀγαθόν Plu.2.75c<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[alto]], [[elevado]] [[μισθός]] Theoc.<i>Ep</i>.8.5, [[τιμωρία]] Plu.<i>Cic</i>.19, ὡς ἀπὸ τῶν [[ἄκρων]] ἐπὶ τὰς μέσας καταβῆναι τέχνας Ph.1.168, [[δύναμις]] Ph.1.688<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[extremo]], [[agudo]] [[νηστεία]] Diph.53, [[εἴδησις]] <i>PMasp</i>.2.1.8 (VI d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b> neutr. como adv. [[en el más alto grado]] [[ἄκρα]] σοφαὶ χέρες <i>AP</i> 16.262.<br /><b class="num">VI</b> adv. [[ἄκρως]]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[en la punta]] Hp.<i>Mochl</i>.24.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[totalmente]], [[absolutamente]], [[perfectamente]] οἰκεῖν Pl.<i>R</i>.543a, [[μόνος]] [[ἄκρως]] = <i>completamente solo</i> Euphro 1.5, [[σχῆμα]] ἄ. στρογγύλον Hero <i>Def</i>.76.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[estrictamente]], [[con precisión]] κἂν ἄ. ἐκ τῶν εἰκότων συντίθηται τὰ τῆς εὐλογίας Phld.<i>Lib</i>.p.27<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[con suma excelencia]], [[con perfección]] ὡς ἄ. ἠργάσατ' = <i>con qué excelencia trabajó (la estatua)</i>, Posidipp.Epigr.<i>Fr.Pap</i>.10.27.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Derivado en -<i>r</i> de la raíz que se encuentra en [[ἄκων]], -οντος, ὁ q.u.