κρατέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Aeol. [[κρετέω]], aor. inf. κρέτησαι Sapph. ''Supp.''9.5:—Med., aor. <b class="b3">ἐπικρατησάμενοι</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Gal.''UP''6.13:—Pass., fut.<br><span class="bld">A</span> κρατήσομαι Aristid.1.501 J. and, with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[κρατηθήσομαι]], Th.4.9:—to [[be strong]], [[be powerful]]: hence,<br><span class="bld">I</span> abs., [[rule]], [[hold sway]], Ἤλιδα... ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί Od.13.275,15.298; <b class="b3">μέγα κρατέων ἤνασσε</b> with mighty [[sway]]... Il.16.172; ἅπας δὲ τραχύς, ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ A.''Pr.''35; ὁ [[κρατῶν]] = the [[ruler]], Id.''Ag.''951,1664, S.''Ant.''738, etc.; θῶπτε τὸν κρατοῦντ' ἀεί A.''Pr.''937; οἱ κρατοῦντες Id.''Ch.''267, S.''OT''530, etc.; τὸ κρατοῦν E.''Andr.''133 (lyr.), Pl.''Lg.''714c, Arist.''Pol.''1255a15; ἡ [[κρατοῦσα]] the [[lady]] of the [[house]], A.''Ch.''734.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Poets, c. dat., [[rule]] [[among]], μέγα κρατέεις νεκύεσσιν Od.11.485; ἀνδράσι καὶ θεοῖσι 16.265; [[Φθίᾳ]] [[rule in]] Phthia, Pi.''N.''4.50; ἐν Ἰλιάδι χθονί E.''El.''4.<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. gen., to [[be lord of]] or [[be master of]], [[rule over]], <b class="b3">πάντων Ἀργείων, πάντων</b>, Il.1.79, 288, cf. Od. 15.274; Ὀλύμπου A.''Pr.''149 (lyr.); δωμάτων Id.''Ag.''1673; ὅπλων [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]'' 1337; <b class="b3">κ. τοῦ βίου</b> to [[be master of]]... And.1.137; αὑτοῦ κ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1099, Antipho 5.26, cf. S.''OC''405; ἡδονῶν καὶ ἐπιθυμιῶν Pl.''Smp.''196c, etc.; τῶν πραγμάτων D.2.27; <b class="b3">τοῦ μὴ πείθεσθαι τοῖς νόμοις κρατῆσαι</b> to [[be above]] obedience... X.''Lac.''4.6.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[conquer]], [[prevail]], [[get the upper hand]], abs., A.''Ag.''324, etc.; πολλῷ ἐκράτησαν Hdt.5.77; εἰ τὰ τοῦ Μήδου κρατήσειε Th.3.62; ὁ μὴ πειθόμενος κρατεῖ Pl.''Phdr.''272b; ἔνθα τἀναιδὲς κρατεῖ Diph.111: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">κ. τῇ γνώμῃ</b> [[prevail]] in opinion, Hdt.9.42; [[πάλᾳ]], [[ἱπποδρομίᾳ]], Pi.''O.''8.20, ''I.''3.13; μάχῃ E.''HF''612; ταῖς ναυσί [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''648; τῷ Φοινίκων ναυτικῷ Th.1.16; also θουρίῳ ἐν Ἄρει [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''614 (lyr.); ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις Ar.''Pl.''184: c.acc.cogn., κ. στάδιον B. 6.15, cf. 7; ὀκτὼ νίκας E.''Epigr.''1; τὸν ἀγῶνα D.21.18; <b class="b3">τὴν μάχην</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] for τῇ μάχῃ in D.S.18.30; τὴν πρεσβείαν Philostr.''VS''1.21.6; [[πάντα]] in all things, S.''OT''1522; οἱ [[κρατοῦντες]] the [[conqueror]]s, X.''An.''3.2.26; τὰ κατὰ πόλεμον κρατούμενα τῶν κρατούντων εἶναί φασιν Arist.''Pol.''1255a7.<br><span class="bld">b</span> to [[be superior]], πλήθους ἕκατι ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι A.''Pers.''338: abs., to [[be the best]], Critias 2.7 D.<br><span class="bld">c</span> of reports, etc., [[prevail]], [[become current]], φάτις κρατεῖ A.''Supp.''293, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''978; λόγος κ. A.''Pers.''738; νόμιμα δὲ τὰ Χαλκιδικὰ ἐκράτησεν Th.6.5; κρατεῖ ἡ φήμη παρά τισι Plb. 9.26.11.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c.inf., [[prevail so that]], κ. τῷ πλήθει ὥστε μὴ αὐτίκα τὰς πύλας ἀνοίγεσθαι Th.4.104: impers., [[κατθανεῖν]] κρατεῖ = 'tis [[better]] to [[die]] A.''Ag.''1364; κρατεῖ μὴ γιγνώσκοντ' ἀπολέσθαι E.''Hipp.''248 (anap.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> c.gen., [[conquer]], [[prevail over]], τῶν ἐναντίων S.''Fr.''85, cf. ''OC''646, A.''Th.'' 955 (lyr.), etc.; κ. τινὸς τὸν ἀγῶνα Philostr.''Her.''2.5: metaph., τό τοι νομισθὲν τῆς ἀληθείας κρατεῖ S.''Fr.''86; <b class="b3">κ. τῆς διαβολῆς</b> [[get the better of]] it, Lys.19.53; <b class="b3">ὁ λόγος τοῦ ἔργου ἐκράτει</b> [[surpass]]ed, went [[beyond]] it, Th.1.69; <b class="b3">ἡ φύσις… τῶν διδαγμάτων κρατεῖ</b> [[is better than]]... Men. ''Mon.''213, cf. 169.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of food, [[digest]], [[assimilate]], Hp.''VM''3,14, Mnesith. ap. Ath.2.54b, Phylotim.ib.3.79c:—Pass., Hp.''Epid.''6.5.15; τῆς τροφῆς μὴ κρατηθείσης Plu.2.654b.<br><span class="bld">4</span> c.acc., [[conquer]], [[master]], Pi.''N.''10.25, A.''Pr.''215, ''Th.''189, E.''Alc.''490, Ar.''Nu.''1346, ''Av.''420, X. ''An.''7.6.32, etc.; <b class="b3">μάχῃ, τῷ πολέμῳ τινά</b>, Th.6.2, Aeschin.2.30; τῷ λόγῳ τινά Ar.''V.''539; <b class="b3">πάχει μάκει τε</b> in... Pi.''P.''4.245; [[outdo]], τοὺς φίλους εὖ ποιῶν X.''Hier.''11.15; τῷ διαφθαρῆναι χρήμασιν ἢ μὴ κεκράτηκα Φίλιππον D.18.247; [[surpass]], κρατεῖ δὲ ὁ τῆς ἡδονῆς [βίος] τὸν τῆς φρονήσεως Pl.''Phlb.''12a:—Pass., to [[be overcome]], A.''Th.''750 (lyr.), etc.; ὕπνῳ Id.''Eu.''148 (lyr.); ὑπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου Hdt.2.121. δ'; ὑπὸ τῶν ἡδονῶν Pl.''Lg.''633e.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[become master of]], [[get possession of]], <b class="b3">τῆς ἀρχῆς, τῶν νεκρῶν</b>, Hdt.1.92,4.111; πολλὰ φρονέοντα μηδενὸς κ. Id.9.16; σέθεν A.''Supp.''387; οὔπω ἡ βουλή σου ἐκράτει Lys.13.26; κ. τῆς γῆς Th.3.6; ναυσὶ τῆς θαλάσσης Pl.''Mx.''240a; <b class="b3">κ. τῆς λέξεως</b> [[have]] it [[at command]], [[remember]] it, Ath.7.275b; [[master]] by the intellect, πάντων τῶν τῆς ἱστορίας μερῶν Plb.16.20.2:—Pass., to [[be mastered]], δεῖ ἐν ταῖς τέχναις καὶ ἐπιστήμαις ταῦτα κρατεῖσθαι Arist.''Pol.''1331b38, cf. ''Po.''1456a10 (prob.for [[κροτεῖσθαι]]).<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[lay hold of]], τῆς χειρός [[LXX]] ''Ge.''19.16, ''Ev.Matt.''9.25, ''Ev.Marc.''9.27.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c.acc.rei, [[seize]], [[win and keep]], esp.by force, πᾶσαν αἶαν A.''Supp.''255; θρόνους S.''OC'' 1381; [[seize]], [[hold fast]], [[arrest]], τινα Batr.63, Plb.8.18.8, ''Ev.Matt.''14.3; τένοντα Batr.233; τὰς χεῖράς τινος ''PLips.''40iii2 (iv/v A.D.); [[secure]], [[grasp]], <b class="b3">τὴν ἀκατονόμαστον Τριάσα</b> Zos.Alch.p.230 B.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[hold up]], [[support]], τινα D.H.4.38; [[maintain]] a military post, X.''An.''5.6.7; [[hold fast]], τὰς παραδόσεις ''2 Ep.Thess.''2.15; [[keep]], [[retain]], PTeb.61 (b).229 (ii B.C.):—Pass., <b class="b3">οὐκ ἦν δυνατὸν κρατεῖσθαι αὐτὸν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τοῦ θανάτου</b>) ''Act.Ap.''2.24; <b class="b3">ἡ κτῆσις τοῖς τέκνοις κεκράτηται</b> has been [[reserve]]d for, [[settle]]d upon, ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''237 viii 36 (ii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> in Law, [[possess]] a [[title]] to, <b class="b3">κ. καὶ κυριεύειν</b> c.gen., ''PTeb.''319.19 (iii A.D.), etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[sequester]], [[place under embargo]], ''OGI''1669.23 (Pass., Egypt, i A.D.), ''BGU'' 742 iii 6 (Pass., ii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[hold in the hand]], ὁ κρατῶν τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀδτέρας ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ ''Apoc.''2.1; πόαν Dsc.3.93; ἄρτον Plu.2.99d; σκῆπτρον Ath.7.289c, cf. Luc.''Am.''44, Ach.Tat.1.6, etc.; δακτύλιον ''PMag.Lond.''46.451 (iv A.D.).<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[endure]], [[put up with]], τὸν ἀργυροπράτην ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''1844 (vi A.D.).<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[control]], [[command]], A.''Ag.''10, E. ''Hec.''282:—Pass., <b class="b3">αἰσχρὰ τῷ νόμῳ κρατούμενα</b> [[control]]led by... Ar.''Av.'' 755; κρατεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ προβουλεύματος D.H.9.52; διαθέσει Porph. ''Sent.''27.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[repair]], [[make good]], <b class="b3">τὸ βεδὲκ</b> (Hebr.) τοῦ οἴκου [[LXX]] ''4 Ki.''12.5.