σθένος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[strength]], [[might]], esp. [[bodily strength]], freq. in Il., less freq. in Od.; κάρτεΐ τε σθένεΐ τε Il.17.329; <b class="b3">ἀλκῆς καὶ σθένεος</b> ib. 499; χερσίν τε ποσίν τε καὶ σθένει 20.361; <b class="b3">ποδῶν χειρῶν τε σ.</b> Pi.''N.''10.48; opp. [[φρήν]], ib.1.26; γνῶμαι πλέον κρατοῦσιν ἢ σθένος χερῶν S.''Fr.'' 939: c.inf., <b class="b3">ἐν δὲ σ. ὦρσεν ἑκάστῳ.. πολεμίζειν</b> [[strength]] to war, Il.2.451; σ. ποιεῖν εὖ φερέγγυον A.''Eu.''87; σ. ὥστε καθελεῖν E.''Supp.''66 (lyr.): less freq. of the [[force]] of things, as of a stream, Il.17.751; σ. ἀελίου Pi.''P.''4.144; [ἄρουραι] σθένος ἔμαρψαν Id.''N.''6.11: [[σθένει]] [[by force]], S.''OC'' 842 (lyr.), E.''Ba.''953; <b class="b3">λόγῳ τε καὶ σθένει</b> both by right and [[might]], S. ''OC''68; ὑπὸ σθένους E.''Ba.''1127; <b class="b3">παντὶ σθένει</b> with all [[one's might]], freq. in treaties, ''SIG''122.6, al., Foed. ap. Th.5.23, Pl.''Lg.''646a—the only phrase in which early prose writers use the word (cf. infr. ''III''); found in [[LXX]], ''Jb.''4.10, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> later, generally, [[strength]], [[might]], [[power]], moral as well as physical, ἀνάγκης A.''Pr.''105; τῆς ἀληθείας [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''369; <b class="b3">ἀγγέλων σ.</b> their [[might]] or [[authority]], A.''Ch.''849: c. gen. obj., <b class="b3">ἀγωνίας σ.</b> [[strength]] for conflict, Pi.''P.''5.113 (s.v.l., -ίαις Bgk.); <b class="b3">εἰ σ. λάβοιμι</b> if I should gain [[strength]] enough, S.''El.''333, cf. 348, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> a [[force]] of men, Il.18.274; <b class="b3">ἐπελθὼν οὐκ ἐλάσσονι σ.</b> [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''438: but in both places sense 1.1 is more prob.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[quantity]], [[profusion]], σ. πλούτου Pi.''I.''3.2; [[ὕδατος]], [[νιφετοῦ]], Id.''O.''9.51, ''Fr.''107.11.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[periphrasis]], like [[βίη]], ἴς, μένος, σ. Ἰδομενῆος, Ὠρίωνος, Ὠαρίωνος, etc., for Idomeneus, Orion, etc. themselves, Il.13.248, 18.486, Hes.''Op.''598, etc.; <b class="b3">σ. ἵππων, ἵππιον</b>, Id.''Sc.''97, Pi.''P.''2.12, etc.:—in Pl. ''Phdr.''267c, <b class="b3">Χαλκηδονίου σ.</b> is ironical.

|elnltext=σθένος -εος, contr. -ους, τό vooral poët., (lichaams-)kracht, macht:; τὸ τῆς ἀνάγκης... σθένος de macht van het noodlot Aeschl. PV 105; παντὶ σθένει uit alle macht Thuc. 5.23.3; concr. legermacht; Il. 18.274; ter omschrijving van pers..; σ. Ὠρίωνος (de krachtige) Orion Il. 18.486; met inf. vermogen tot, om:; σθένος πολεμίζειν vermogen om oorlog te voeren Il. 2.451; overdr. massa. Pind.