ποινή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[bloodmoney]], [[bloodwit]], [[were-gild]], [[fine]] paid by the slayer to the kinsmen of the slain, c. gen. pers., ἵνα μή τι κασιγνήτοιό γε π. δηρὸν ἄτιτος ἔῃ Il.14.483; π. δ' οὔ τις παιδὸς ἐγίγνετο τεθνηῶτος 13.659, cf. 9.633; ἐνείκεον εἵνεκα ποινῆς ἀνδρὸς ἀποφθιμένου 18.498.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[price paid]], [[satisfaction]], [[requital]], [[penalty]], Κύκλωψ ἀπετείσατο π. ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων Od.23.312; δυώδεκα λέξατο κούρους, π. Πατρόκλοιο Il.21.28; πολέων δ' ἀπετίνυτο ποινήν 16.398; υἷος π. Γανυμήδεος 5.266; <b class="b3">τοῖς ἔνι π., ἔστ' ἐπὶ καὶ τῷ π.</b>, Hes.''Op.''749,755; <b class="b3">τῶν ποινήν</b> [[in return for]] these things, Il. 17.207; so also <b class="b3">ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς ἀνελέσθαι</b> accept [[satisfaction for]] A.'s life, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.134; <b class="b3">ποινὴν τείσειν Ξέρξῃ τῶν κηρύκων τῶν ἀπολομένων</b> give Xerxes [[satisfaction for]] the death of the heralds, Id.7.134, cf. A.''Eu.''543 (lyr.), S.''El.''564 (pl.), Antipho 2.4.11; <b class="b3">ποινῆς εἵνεκα</b> by way of [[penalty]], Epigr.Gr.356.3 (Hadriani): freq. in plural, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''270, ''Eu.'' 464, etc.; <b class="b3">ποινὰς τεῖσαι</b> to pay [[penalties]], Pi.''O.''2.58; τίνειν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''112, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''6.1.11; δοῦναι E.''IT''446 (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. λαμβάνειν</b> exact [[them]], Id.''Tr.'' 360; τᾶς ὕβριος ''IG''42(1).122.98 (Epid.).—Rare in Prose, [[δίκη]] being the usual word.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in good sense, [[recompense]], [[reward for]] a thing, [[τεθρίππων]], [[καμάτων]], Pi.''P.''1.59, ''N.''1.70; εὐχὰς ἀγαθὰς ἀγαθῶν ποινάς A. ''Supp.''626 (anap.); ποινὴν εὐσεβίης ''IG''14.1437.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[redemption]], [[release]], π. τίς ἔσται πρὸς θεῶν; Pi.''P.''4.63.<br><span class="bld">II</span> personified, [[the goddess of vengeance]], μᾶτερ, ἅ μ' ἔτικτες… ἀλαοῖσι καὶ δεδορκόσι ποινάν A. ''Eu.''323 (lyr.), cf. E.''IT''200 (lyr.): pl., Aeschin.1.190, Plb.23.10.2, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Astrol., name of a [[κλῆρος]], S.E.''M.''5.15; also of the sixth [[τόπος]], Paul.Al.''M.''1. (I.-E. qu̯oi-nā, cf. Avest. kaēnā- '[[punishment]]', '[[vengeance]]', Lith. kaina, Slav. [[cèna]] 'price', cogn. with <b class="b3">τίνω, τεῖ-σαι</b>.)