View source for ἦ

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=ἦ
|Medium diacritics=ἦ
|Low diacritics=η
|Capitals=Η
|Transliteration A=ē̂
|Transliteration B=ē
|Transliteration C=i
|Beta Code=h)=
|Definition=Adv., never in the form <b class="b3">ἦε</b> (ἠέ): <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> TO CONFIRM an assertion, <b class="b2">in truth, of a surety</b>, ἦ ὀλίγον οἷ παῖδα ἐοικότα γείνατο Τυδεύς <span class="bibl">Il.5.800</span>, etc.; ironically, <span class="bibl">1.229</span>, al.; with concessive force, <b class="b2">it is true that . .</b>: hence, <b class="b2">although . .</b>, ἦ καὶ γένει ὕστερος ἦεν <span class="bibl">3.215</span>: freq. strengthd. by the addition of one or two other Particles, as ἦ ἄρα <span class="bibl">Od.24.193</span>; ἦ ἄρα δή <span class="bibl">Il.13.446</span>; ἦ ῥα <span class="bibl">4.82</span>; ἦ ῥά νυ <span class="bibl">6.215</span>; ἦ γάρ <span class="bibl">1.78</span>; ἦ γάρ τοι <span class="bibl">Od.16.199</span>; ἦ δή <span class="bibl">Il.2.272</span>; ἦ δή που <span class="bibl">21.583</span>; ἦ δῆτα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>429</span>; ἦ θην <span class="bibl">Il.20.452</span>; ἦ κάρτα <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">El.</span>1279</span>; ἦ μάλα <span class="bibl">Il.3.204</span>; ἦ μάλα δή <span class="bibl">5.422</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ μήν</b> and <b class="b3">ἦ μέν</b> (v. infr.); ἦ νυ <span class="bibl">Il.22.11</span>; ἦ τάχα <span class="bibl">Od.18.73</span>; ἦ τε <span class="bibl">13.211</span>: and to express doubt, <b class="b3">ἦ που</b>, v. [[ἦ που]] and <b class="b3">ποῦ</b>: esp. <b class="b3">ἦ μήν</b> used in oaths and asseverations, <span class="bibl">Il.2.291</span>, <span class="bibl">7.393</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>73</span>, <span class="bibl">168</span>, etc.; also ἦ μάν <span class="bibl">Il.2.370</span>, <span class="bibl">13.354</span>, <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>23.5</span>; ἦ μέν <span class="bibl">Od.10.65</span>(later <b class="b3">εἶ μήν</b>, v. [[εἷ]]): c. inf. in orat. obliq., after Verbs of swearing, etc., σὺ δὲ σύνθεο, καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μέν μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν <span class="bibl">Il.1.77</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ μέν</b> also in Ion. historical Prose, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.154</span>, <span class="bibl">5.93</span>, al.; ἐγγυᾶσθαι, ἦ μὴν παραμενεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phd.</span>115d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγυητὰς καταστῆσαι ἦ μὴν ἐκτείσειν</b> Lexap.<span class="bibl">D.24.39</span>: with other Particles, ἦ μὲν δή <span class="bibl">Il.2.798</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.18.257</span>, al.; ἦ δὴ μάν <span class="bibl">Il.17.538</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in the combinations <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ ἦ, ὅτι ἢ</b> and <b class="b3">τί ἢ</b>; <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Conj.</span>255.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Synt.</span>307.19</span>(cf. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.520</span>), recognizes an 'expletive' <b class="b3">ἠ</b> (παραπληρωματικὸς σύνδεσμος) perispom. after <b class="b3">ἐπεί</b>, barytone after <b class="b3">ὅτι</b> or <b class="b3">τί</b>. It is prob. the same as the affirmative <b class="b3">ἦ</b> (cf. A.D.<span class="title">Conj.</span>l.c.), and occurs in the same combinations, ἐπεὶ ἦ πολύ . . <span class="bibl">Il.1.169</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλα</b> ib. <span class="bibl">156</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.465</span>; ἐπεὶ ἦ καί . . <span class="bibl">Il.20.437</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.442</span>. Trypho took <b class="b3">τίη</b> as one word, and this can be supported by τί ἢ δὲ σύ . . <span class="bibl">Il.6.55</span>, but A.D. (<span class="title">Conj.</span>l.c.) infers from the accent of <b class="b3">ὅτι ἢ</b> that <b class="b3">τί ἢ</b> was two words. The Attic accentuation is said by <span class="bibl">Eust.45</span> init., <span class="bibl">118.39</span>, <span class="bibl">907.14</span> to be <b class="b3">τιή, ὁτιή</b>(qq. v.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> this <b class="b3">ἦ</b> (or <b class="b3">ἢ</b>) is prob. to be recognized in ὥς τε γὰρ ἦ <span class="bibl">Il.2.289</span>, ὥς τέ τευ ἦ <span class="bibl">Od.3.348</span>, <span class="bibl">19.109</span>, where codd. have <b class="b3">ἢ</b> (in <span class="bibl">Od.3.348</span> <b class="b3">ἠδέ</b> (cj. Bekker) shd. perh. be read for <b class="b3">ἠέ</b>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in Questions not involving alternatives: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> Direct questions, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> epexegetic of a preceding question, suggesting the answer to it, <b class="b3">τίπτ' εἰλήλουθας; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος</b>; why hast thou come? <b class="b2">is it</b> that thou mayst see . . ? <span class="bibl">Il.1.203</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.466</span>,<span class="bibl">7.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.710</span>,<span class="bibl">13.418</span>, <span class="bibl">17.376</span>, <span class="bibl">B.17.5</span>; <b class="b3">τί δῆτα χρῄζεις; ἦ με γῆς ἔξω βαλεῖν</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>622</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1425</span> (<b class="b3">ἤ</b> codd.); <b class="b3">τίς σοι διηγεῖτο; ἦ αὐτὸς Σωκράτης</b>; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>173a</span> (perispom., cod. B): on the accent, Hdn. Gr.<span class="bibl">2.112</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> not epexegetic of a preceding question, <b class="b3">ἦ σύ γ' Ὀδυσσεύς ἐσσι πολύτροπος</b>; art thou the wily Odysseus? <span class="bibl">Od.10.330</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.11.666</span>, <span class="bibl">15.504</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ οὐκ ὀτρύνοντος ἀκούετε . . Ἕκτορος</b>; do you not hear . .? ib.<span class="bibl">506</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.16.424</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ τὸ πλοῖον ἀφῖκται</b>; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>43c</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ οὐ δοκεῖ καὶ σοὶ οὕτω</b>; don't you think so too? <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>479b</span> (perispom., cod. T); <b class="b3">ἦ βούλει συλλογισώμεθα αὐτά</b>; shall we work them (the consequences) out? ib.<span class="bibl">479c</span> (perispom., cod. T); <b class="b3">ἦ τορῶς λέγω</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>269</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ κἀν δόμοισι τυγχάνει τανῦν παρών</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>757</span>: freq. with other Particles, <b class="b3">ἦ ἄρ . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Od.20.166</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.19.56</span>; mostly <b class="b3">ἦ ῥα . .</b>; <span class="bibl">5.421</span>, <span class="bibl">762</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.632</span>; also in Trag. (in lyr.), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>633</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>172</span>, <span class="bibl">955</span>: esp. to mark the first of several questions, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>7(6).3</span> sqq.; <b class="b3">ἦ ἄρα δή . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.13.446</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ ῥά νυ . .</b>; <span class="bibl">4.93</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ νυ . .</b>; <span class="bibl">15.128</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ ταῦτα δή . .</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>565</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>385</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ ταῦτα δῆτα . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>429</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ γάρ . .</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 745</span>, <span class="bibl">757</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1000</span>: in Att. Prose, <b class="b3">ἦ γάρ</b>; standing alone, <b class="b2">is it not so?</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>160e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>449d</span>, <span class="bibl">468d</span>; <b class="b3">ἦ καί . .</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1207</span>, <span class="bibl">1362</span>:—<b class="b3">ἦ</b> usu. begins the sentence, except that the vocative may precede, as in <span class="bibl">Il.5.421</span>, <span class="bibl">762</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.632</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>863</span>, <span class="bibl">1102</span>, or <b class="b3">ἀλλά</b>, as in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>276</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>774</span>:—by Crasis <b class="b3">ἦ</b> combines with <b class="b3">ἄρα</b> in Att. and the <b class="b3">κοινή</b> to <b class="b3">ἆρα</b> (q. v.), in all other dialects (cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Conj.</span>223.24</span>) to <b class="b3">ἦρα</b> (q. v.), but <b class="b3">ἆρα</b> is found in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.78</span> (<b class="b3">ἄρα</b> codd.), al., <span class="bibl">Archil.86</span>, <span class="bibl">89</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Indirect questions, οἴχετο πευσόμενος μετὰ σὸν κλέος ἤ που ἔτ' εἴης <span class="bibl">Od. 13.415</span> (v.l. [[εἰ]], which alone has Ms. authority in <span class="bibl">Il.1.83</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.325</span>); ὄφρα καὶ Ἕκτωρ εἴσεται ἢ καὶ ἐμὸν δόρυ μαίνεται ἐν παλάμῃσιν <span class="bibl">Il.8.111</span> (v.l. [[εἰ]]) <b class="b3">; ἀλλ' ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ . . ἢ καὶ Λαέρτῃ αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἄγγελος ἔλθω</b>; <span class="bibl">Od.16.138</span> (v.l. [[εἰ]]) <b class="b3">; ἀμφίστασθαι ἦ κα πεφυτεύκωντι πάντα κὰτ τὰν συνθήκαν</b> they shall investigate <b class="b2">whether .</b>. Tab.Heracl.1.125; μαντεύσασθαί οἱ. . ἦ λώϊόν οἵ κα εἴη <span class="bibl">Isyll.34</span>; διαφαφίξασθαι ἦ δοκεῖ αὐτὸν στεφανῶσαι <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).170.12 (Astypalaea): accented <b class="b3">ἤ</b> in codd. Hom., but it shd. perh. be perispom.</span><br /><span class="bld">ἦ</span>, for <b class="b3">ἔφη</b>, 3sg. impf. or aor. 2 of <b class="b3">ἠμί</b> (q. v.). ἦ, for <b class="b3">ἦν</b>, Att. contr. from lon. <b class="b3">ἔα</b>, impf. of <b class="b3">εἰμί</b> (<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">sum</b>).</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1147.png Seite 1147]] (vgl. je, ja), 1) bekräftigend, betheuernd, <b class="b2">fürwahr, wahrlich, traun, gewiß</b>, Hom. u. Folgde; ἦ γὰρ ὀΐομαι ἄνδρα χολωσέμεν, denn traun, ich meine, er wird zürnen, Il. 1, 78. Oft verbunden mit anderen Partikeln, ἦ ἄρα, Od. 24, 193, ἦ ἄρα δή, Il. 13, 446, ἦ ἄρ, ἦ ἄρ τε, 19, 56 Od. 13, 357. 20, 166, ἦ ῥα, Il. 16, 750 Soph. Ai. 172. 934, ἦ ῥά νυ, Od. 12, 280, – ἦ γάρ, freilich wohl, Il. 1, 232. 293. 342.355, ἦ γάρ τοι, Od. 16, 199, – ἦ δή, Il. 1, 518 Od. 1, 253, ἦ δή που, Il. 21, 583, ἦ δὴ μάν, 17, 538; ἦ δή τ' ἂν εἴη πανδίκως [[ψευδώνυμος]] Aesch. Spt. 652; – ἦ θήν πού τοι θυμὸς ἐέλπεται Il. 13, 813; – ἦ [[κάρτα]], bes. bei den Tragg. häufig, Aesch. Ag. 528. 1225 Soph. Ai. 1338; vgl. Valck. Hipp. 1028; auch allein in der bejahenden Antwort, ja wohl, Soph. El. 304; – ἦ [[μάλα]], bei Aussprüchen u. Meinungen, die man anzunehmen bereit ist, ἦ [[μάλα]] [[Ὀδυσσεύς]] ἐσσι Od. 19, 474, fürwahr ja, so denke ich und hoffe ich, du bist Od., vgl. 16, 183 Il. 3, 204; auch ἦ [[μάλα]] δή, Il. 18, 12. 21, 55 Od. 4, 169. 333. 23, 149; ἦ μάν, u. ἦ μέν, wie ἦ μήν, gewiß u. wahrhaftig (vgl. μήν u. μέν, u. Nägelsbach Anmerkgn zur Ilias p. 1591, von Homer an der gewöhnliche Ausdruck beim Schwur, mit dem die eigentlichen Worte desselben eingeführt werden, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς [[πρῶτα]] θεῶν –, ἦ μέν τοι τάδε πάντα τελείεται, Od. 14, 160; σὺ δὲ σύνθεο [[καί]] μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ μέν μοι – ἀρήξειν Il. 1, 77; ὄμνυσι ἦ μὴν λαπάξειν Aesch. gpt. 513; Soph. Tr. 255; Plat. Phaedr. 236 e Legg. VI, 784 c; [[ὀμνύω]] ὑμῖν θεοὺς πάντας, ἦ μὴν ἐγὼ ἐθυόμην Xen. An. 5, 9, 31; c. inf. fut., ibd. 2, 3, 26, aor. 6, 4, 17; ὤμοσαν ἦ μὴν ποιήσειν Is. 2, 32; ἐπώμοσαν ἦ μὲν ἀρήξει ν Ap. Rh. 2, 715; auch ἐγγυητὰς καταστήσας, Dem. 24, 39, wie ἐγγυᾶσθαι ἦ μὴν παραμενεῖν Plat. Phaed. 115 d; zu nachdrücklichen Betheuerungen, ἦ μάν, Il. 2, 370, freilich wohl, 13, 354, ἦ μέν, Il. 9, 252 Od. 10, 65, doch gewiß, ἦ μὲν δή, Il. 2, 798 Od. 18, 257, ἦ μήν, Il. 2, 291. 7, 393. 9, 57; ἦ μὴν κελεύσω Aesch. Prom. 73; vgl. Plat. Phil. 18 d Euthyd. 276 e; – ἦ νύ τοι, Il. 22, 11; – ἦ που, sicher wohl, Aesch. Prom. 519; Soph. Phil. 1115; nicht selten ironisch, ἦ πού με τελαμὼν δέξαιτ' ἂν [[εὐπρόσωπος]] Ai. 987, vgl. Plat. Gorg. 448 a 469 b Phaed. 84 d Rep. X, 595 d; – ἦ [[τάχα]], Od. 18, 73. 338. 389; ἦ [[τάχα]] [[καί]], 19, 69; – ἦ τε, Il. 16, 687. 17, 236. 18, 13 Od. 20, 194. 24, 311. – 2) fragend, in directer Frage ff. ἤ 2.), wie es im Deutschen zuweilen durch <b class="b2">denn</b>, oder <b class="b2">wohl, etwa</b>, häufig aber nur durch den Frageton, nicht durch ein eigenes Wort wiedergegeben werden kann, Od. 10, 330 Il. 11, 666 u. sonst; ἦ τορῶς [[λέγω]]; Aesch. Ag. 260; ἦ πῶς; Ch. 756; Folgde, wie in Prosa. Oft ἦ ῥα bei Hom., Od. 15, 431; ἦ ῥά νυ, Il. 4, 93; ἦ ῥά τι, 5, 421. 762. 7, 446. 9, 674 Od. 4, 632; bei den Attikern sehr häufig ἦ γάρ, sowohl Tragg., ἦ γάρ τι λοιπὸν ἐρεῖς Aesch. Prom. 747, ἦ γὰρ μετέσχες τοῦδε τοῦ πόνου Soph. Phil. 248, als in Prosa, Plat. Gorg. 469 b Rep. X, 607 c u. sonst; auch ἦ γάρ allein, für sich einen Fragesatz bildend, wie nonne? nicht wahr? Prot. 312 e 333 e; oft auch ἦ γὰρ οὔ; vgl. Heindorf zu Plat. Phaedr. 266 d Gorg. 468 d; ἦ γάρ ποτ' ἔστιν ἐκπεσεῖν ἀρχῆς Δία; Aesch. Prom. 759. er sprach's, von ἠμί, statt ἔφη, s. unter ἠμί.
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{{bailly
|btext=<span class="bld">1</span><i>adv.</i><br /><b>1</b> certes, sans doute ; <i>joint à d’autres particules</i> : ἦ [[ἄρα]] OD, ἦ [[ἄρ]] IL, ἦ [[ῥα]] IL, ἦ [[δή]] IL, ἦ [[μάν]] IL, ἦ [[μέν]] IL, ἦ [[τε]] IL, ἦ θήν IL, <i>m. sign.</i> ; ἦ [[κάρτα]] ESCHL certes, tout à fait, bien sûr ; ἦ [[μάλα]] IL <i>m. sign.</i> ; ἦ [[γάρ]] IL certes en effet ; <i>surt.</i> ἦ [[μήν]], certes, en vérité;<br /><b>2</b> <i>avec interrog.</i> est-ce que ? : ἦ μοῦνοι φιλέουσ’ ἀλόχους Ἀτρεῖδαι ; IL les Atrides sont-ils donc seuls à aimer leurs compagnes ? <i>avec d’autres particules</i> : ἦ [[ῥα]] IL est-ce que ? ἦ [[ταῦτα]] [[δή]] ; SOPH <i>m. sign.</i> ; ἦ [[οὐ]], ἦ [[οὐκ]] (<i>lat.</i> nonne ?) IL, OD est-ce que, ne ? ἦ [[μή]] OD <i>m. sign.</i><br /><span class="bld">2</span><i>1ᵉ et 3ᵉ sg. impf. de</i> [[εἰμί]];<br /><i>3ᵉ sg. impf. de</i> [[ἠμί]].
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{{Autenrieth
|auten=see (1) [[εἰμί]].—(2) [[ἠμί]].
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{{Autenrieth
|auten=in [[truth]], [[surely]], [[verily]].—(1) [[particle]] of [[asseveration]], [[always]] [[standing]] at the [[beginning]] of its [[clause]] [[except]] in the [[phrase]] [[ἐπεὶ]] ἦ ([[sometimes]] written [[ἐπειή]]). Freq. in [[combination]] [[with]] [[other]] particles, ἦ δή, ἦ [[μάλα]] (δή), ἦ [[θήν]], ἦ τε, ἦ [[τοι]] (q. v.), and esp. ἦ [[μήν]] ([[μέν]]), [[which]] [[may]] be retained [[even]] in [[indirect]] [[quotation]], καί μοι ὄμοσσον &#124; ἦ [[μέν]] μοι.. ἀρήξειν (representing in the [[direct]] [[form]], ἦ [[μέν]] [[σοι]] ἀρήξω, ‘I sol emnly [[declare]] [[that]] I [[will]] [[defend]] thee’), Il. 1.77, Il. 14.275.—(2) the [[same]] [[particle]] [[may]] [[introduce]] a [[direct]] [[question]], esp. a [[specific]] [[question]] [[following]] a [[general]] [[one]], [[always]], [[however]], [[with]] the [[expression]] of [[some]] [[feeling]]; τίπτ' αὖτ.. εἰλήλουθας; ἦ [[ἵνα]] ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος, ‘is it [[that]] thou [[may]]'st [[behold]], etc.?’ Il. 1.203, Il. 3.400, Il. 20.17 ; Ζεῦ πάτερ, ἦ ῥά [[τις]] ἔστι βροτῶν, κτλ., ‘[[pray]], lives [[there]] a [[man]], etc.?’ Il. 7.446.
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{{Slater
|sltr=<b>ἦ</b> <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> spoke dub., ἦ ῥα Μηδείας ἐπέων [[στίχες]] (v. Wil., 387&#774;{1}: [[ἦρα]] Schr.) (P. 4.57), cf. Πα. 7B. 43.
}}
{{Slater
|sltr=<b>ἦ</b> (in [[first]] [[position]], [[but]] introducing [[phrase]] (P. 9.22), 37, postponed [[once]] (O. 13.63) ) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> emphasising [[what]] follows. ἦ κεν ἀμνάσειεν (P. 1.47) ἦ τιν' ἄγλωσσον [[μέν]], [[ἦτορ]] δ ἄλκιμον [[λάθα]] κατέχει ἐν λυγρῷ νείκει (N. 8.24) ]ᾖ Διὸς [[οὐκ]] ἐθελο[ (ἔφη interp. Bury) Πα. 7B. 43. esp. [[πολύς]]; ὃς [[τᾶς]] ὀφιώδεος [[υἱόν]] ποτε Γοργόνος ἦ πόλλ' ἀμφὶ κρουνοῖς Πάγασον ζεῦξαι ποθέων ἔπαθεν (O. 13.63) κεράιζεν ἀγρίους θῆρας, ἦ πολλάν τε καὶ ἡσύχιον βουσὶν εἰρήναν παρέχοισα πατρῴαις (P. 9.22) ἦ θαύματα [[πολλά]] (O. 1.27) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> in [[combination]] [[with]] [[other]] particles. α. [[ἦρα]] (= ἦ [[ἄρα]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> in [[asseveration]] (v. [[also]] [[ἦρα]], ῥα.) [ἦ ῥα Μηδείας ἐπέων [[στίχες]] (ἔφη Σ: [[ἦρα]] Schr.) (P. 4.57) ] ἦῤ, ὦ φίλοι, κατ' ἀμευσίπορον τρίοδον ἐδινάθην (P. 11.38) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b> introducing [[question]]. “[[ὁσία]] κλυτὰν χέρα οἱ προσενεγκεῖν [[ἦρα]] καὶ ἐκ λεχέων κεῖραι μελιαδέα ποίαν;” (P. 9.37) τίνι [[τῶν]] [[πάρος]], ὦ [[μάκαιρα]] Θήβα, [[καλῶν]] ἐπιχωρίων [[μάλιστα]] θυμὸν τεὸν εὔφρανας; [[ἦρα]] χαλκοκρότου πάρεδρον Δαμάτερος ἁνίκ' εὐρυχαίταν ἄντειλας Διόνυσον; (I. 7.3) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>II</b> ἦ [[μάν]], in [[strong]] [[asseveration]]. ἦ μὰν ἀνόμοιά γε δᾴοισιν ἐν θερμῷ χροὶ ἕλκεα ῥῆξαν (N. 8.28) “ἦ [[μάν]] νιν [[ὤτρυνον]] θαμὰ” (P. 4.40) ἦ μὰν [[πολλάκι]] καὶ τὸ σεσωπαμένον εὐθυμίαν μείζω φέρει (I. 1.63) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> ἦ [[γάρ]], emphasising a [[reason]]. ἀκούσατ· ἦ γὰρ ἑλικώπιδος Ἀφροδίτας ἄρουραν ἢ Χαρίτων ἀναπολίζομεν (P. 6.1) ἦ γὰρ αὐτῶν μετάστασιν ἄκραν[ θῆ]κε Δ. 4. 40.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> ἦ δή, v. δή.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> ἀλλ' ἦ, v. [[ἀλλά]].
}}
{{Abbott
|astxt=ἦ ([[μήν]]), v.s. εἰ, iii, 7.
}}
{{StrongGR
|strgr=an adverb of [[confirmation]]; [[perhaps]] intensive of ἤ; used [[only]] (in the New Testament) [[before]] [[μέν]]; [[assuredly]]: [[surely]].
}}
{{lsm
|lsmtext='''ἦ:''' επίρρ. με [[δύο]] κύριες σημασίες, βεβαιωτική και ερωτηματική.<br /><b class="num">I.</b> ΒΕΒΑΙΩΤΙΚΟ· Για να επιβεβαιώσει έναν ισχυρισμό· αληθινά, [[βεβαίως]], με [[ασφάλεια]], [[πράγματι]], τω όντι, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· [[συχνά]] επιτεταμ. συνοδευμένο από άλλα μόρια, όπως: ἦ [[ἄρα]], <i>ἦ δή</i>, ἦ [[δή που]], ἦ [[μάλα]], κ.λπ.· χρησιμ. επίσης για να εκφράσει [[αμφιβολία]], [[ἦ που]]· ο πιο [[ισχυρός]] από τους συνδυασμούς αυτούς είναι το ἦ [[μήν]], Ιων. και Επικ. ἦ [[μέν]], ἦ [[μάν]], που χρησιμ. σε ισχυρές επιβεβαιώσεις και όρκους· <i>σύ μοι ὄμοσσον</i>, ἦ [[μέν]] μοι [[πρόφρων]] ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> ΕΡΩΤΗΜΑΤΙΚΟ· Σε ερωτημ. προτάσεις· Λατ. num? = [[παρακαλώ]]; δεν είναι έτσι; επίσης, <i>ἦ οὐκ...;</i>, Λατ. [[nonne]]? Συχνά προστίθενται σε αυτό τα μόρια· <i>ἦ</i>, <i>ἦ ἄρ</i>, <i>ἦ ῥα</i>, ἦ [[ἄρα]] δή, κ.λπ.
}}
{{lsm
|lsmtext='''ἦ:''' αντί <i>ἔφη</i>, γʹ ενικ. παρατ. ή αορ. βʹ του [[ἠμί]].<br /><b class="num">• ἦ:</b> Αττ. συνηρ. [[τύπος]] από το Ιων. <i>ἔα</i>, παρατ. του [[εἰμί]] (Λατ. [[sum]]).
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''ἦ:''' <b class="num">I</b> adv. утвердит. - употр. преимущ. с другими частицами: ἦ [[ἄρα]] (δή), ἦ ἄρ (τε), ἦ ῥα, ἦ ῥά νυ, ἦ γάρ (τοι), ἦ δή (που), ἦ [[δῆτα]], ἦ θήν, ἦ [[κάρτα]], ἦ [[μάλα]] (δή), ἦ [[μήν]], ἦ [[μέν]], ἦ [[μάν]], ἦ νύ τοι, ἦ τε, ἦ [[τάχα]] ([[καί]]) - действительно, поистине, право, конечно: μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ [[μέν]] μοι ἀρήξειν Hom. поклянись мне, что действительно заступишься за меня; ἦ ῥά νυ καὶ σὺ φιλοψευδὴς [[ἐτέτυξο]] Hom. явно и ты стал любителем лжи; [[νῦν]] ἔξεστιν [[ὑμῖν]] πιστὰ [[λαβεῖν]] παρ᾽ [[ἡμῶν]] ἦ μὴν [[φιλίαν]] παρέξειν [[ὑμῖν]] τῆν χώραν Xen. теперь вы можете получить от нас заверения, что мы (не на словах, а ) на деле будем дружественной для вас страной.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''ἦ:''' <b class="num">II</b> adv. вопросит. - иногда с другими частицами: ἦ ῥά νυ, ἦ ῥά γε, ἦ ῥά γέ τοι, ἦ [[ταῦτα]] δή, ἦ [[ταῦτα]] [[δῆτα]] или с отрицанием: ἦ οὐ(κ), ἦ μή - разве (не), (не) … ли: ἦ σύγ᾽ [[Ὀδυσσεύς]] ἐσσι [[πολύτροπος]]; Hom. так ты (не ты ли) хитроумный Одиссей?; ἦ [[ταῦτα]] δή (v. l. γάρ) με καὶ βεβούλευνται ποιεῖν; Soph. так вот что они решили сделать со мной?; ἦ φῂς ὣς Τρώεσσιν ἀρηξέμεν [[Ζῆν]]; Hom. разве ты думаешь, что Зевс благосклонен к троянцам?; ἦ γάρ; Plat. не правда ли?
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''ἦ:''' <b class="num">III</b> (= ἦν, ион. ἔα) атт. impf. к [[εἰμί]].
}}