View source for scutum

{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>scūtum</b>: i, n. (<br /><b>I</b> masc. collat. form scūtus, Turp. ap. Non. 226, 13) [[σκῦτος]].<br /><b>I</b> An [[oblong]] [[shield]], made of boards fastened [[together]], and [[covered]] [[with]] [[leather]], a [[buckler]] ([[whereas]] [[clipeus]] denotes a [[round]] [[shield]], [[target]] of [[metal]]; cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 18): [[scutum]] pro [[clipeo]], Liv. 1, 43: pedestre, of the [[infantry]], Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 14; 9, 13, 16; Liv. 6, 8; 7, 10: equestria, of the [[cavalry]], id. 43, 6: ad galeas induendas scutisque tegimenta detrahenda [[tempus]] defuit, Caes. B. G. 2, 21: scutis ex cortice factis aut viminibus intextis, id. ib. 2, 33: sublato scuto, id. B. C. 2, 35: abjecto scuto fugere, Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54: ut non [[modo]] non abjecto, sed ne rejecto [[quidem]] scuto fugere videar, id. de Or. 2, 72, 294: [[scutum]] reliquisse praecipuum [[flagitium]], Tac. G. 6: hastas et [[scuta]] reclinant, Verg. A. 12, 130: fulgentia, id. ib. 8, 93: longa, id. ib. 8, 539; Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 73; Liv. 7, 26; 38, 17: erectum altius, Amm. 24, 4, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., heavyarmed soldiers, men [[bearing]] shields ([[late]] Lat.): [[oppidum]], ordine circumdatum trino scutorum, oppugnabat, Amm. 24, 4, 10: Agilo, scutorum densitate [[contectus]], id. 21, 12, 18 al.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., a [[shield]], i. e. a [[defence]], [[protection]], sheiter, safeguard ([[rare]]): sed ne [[quod]] [[tamen]] [[scutum]] [[dare]] in judicio viderentur eis, quos, etc., Cic. Tull. 18, 43: scuto [[vobis]] [[magis]] [[quam]] gladio [[opus]] est, Liv. 3, 53 fin. (for [[which]], [[just]] [[before]]: praesidia libertatis non licentiae ad impugnandos alios): [[Fabius]] novam de Hannibale victoriam [[commentus]] est, non pugnare. Hinc illud ex [[populo]], ut Imperii [[scutum]] vocaretur, Flor. 2, 6, 27; cf.: Deus, [[scutum]] [[meum]], Vulg. 2 Reg. 22, 3: [[scutum]] fidei, id. Eph. 6, 16.
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[[File:Ag-obj-5959-001-pub-large.jpg|thumb|Scutum found at Dura Europos]]
{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>scūtum</b>,⁹ ī, n. ([[σκῦτος]]), bouclier [ovale et convexe, puis long et creux, c. une tuile faîtière] : Cæs. G. 2, 21, 5 ; 2, 33, etc.; Liv. 1, 43, 4 &#124;&#124; [fig.] = défense : Cic. Tull. 43 ; Liv. 3, 53, 9.
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{{Georges
|georg=scūtum, ī, n. (v. [[σκῦτος]], [[Leder]]), der große (1<sup>1</sup>/<sub>8</sub> m [[lange]] und <sup>3</sup>/<sub>4</sub> m breite), den ganzen [[Mann]] deckende [[länglich]] viereckige [[Schild]] [[des]] röm. schweren Fußvolkes, der [[Langschild]], griech. [[θυρεός]] (bestehend aus [[zwei]] zusammengeleimten Brettern, [[erst]] [[mit]] [[Leinwand]] u. [[dann]] [[darüber]] [[mit]] [[Rindshaut]] überzogen, am Rande [[mit]] [[Eisen]] [[beschlagen]], in der [[Mitte]] [[nach]] [[außen]] [[mit]] einem eisernen [[Buckel]] [[versehen]]; [[hingegen]] [[clipeus]] der kleinere, [[länglich]] runde, hohle [[Schild]] [[von]] [[Erz]]; vgl. Veget. mil. 2, 18), Caes. u.a.: pedestre, [[des]] Fußsoldaten, Liv.: [[scuta]] [[equestria]], der [[Reiter]], Liv.: [[scutum]] abicere, [[wegwerfen]], Cic., reicere, [[hinter]] [[sich]] [[halten]], um den [[Rücken]] zu [[decken]], Cic. – im Bilde, scuto [[vobis]] [[magis]] [[quam]] gladio [[opus]] est, Liv. 3, 53, 9: [[scutum]] imperii, v. [[Fabius]] Kunktator, [[Flor]]. 2, 6, 27. – / Archaist. Nbf. scūtus, ī, m., Turpil. com. 40.
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{{LaEn
|lnetxt=scutum scuti N N :: shield; (heavy shield of Roman legion infantry)
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==Wikipedia EN==
The scutum (English: /ˈskuːtəm/ SKOO-təm, Classical Latin: [ˈskuːtũː]; plural scuta) was a type of shield used among Italic peoples in antiquity, and then by the army of ancient Rome starting about the fourth century BC. The Romans adopted it when they switched from the military formation of the hoplite phalanx of the Greeks to the formation with maniples. In the former, the soldiers carried a round shield, which the Romans called a clipeus. In the latter, they used the scutum, which was a larger shield. Originally it was an oblong and convex shield. By the first century BC it had developed into the rectangular, semi-cylindrical shield that is popularly associated with the scutum in modern times. This was not the only shield the Romans used; Roman shields were of varying types depending on the role of the soldier who carried it. Oval, circular and rectangular shields were used throughout Roman history.
{{trml
|trtx=ar: سكوتوم; bg: скутум; bs: scutum; ca: scutum; cs: scutum; de: Scutum; en: scutum; es: scutum; fi: scutum; fr: scutum; hu: scutum; it: scudo; ja: スクトゥム; kk: скутум; nl: scutum; no: scutum; pl: scutum; pt: escudo romano; ru: скутум; sh: scutum; simple: scutum; sk: scutum; sl: scutum; sr: скутум; tr: scutum; uk: скутум
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