View source for Ξενοφῶν

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=Ξενοφῶν
|Medium diacritics=Ξενοφῶν
|Low diacritics=Ξενοφών
|Capitals=ΞΕΝΟΦΩΝ
|Transliteration A=Xenophō̂n
|Transliteration B=Xenophōn
|Transliteration C=KSenofon
|Beta Code=&#42;cenofw=n
|Definition=Ξενοφῶντος, ὁ, [[Xenophon]]: hence Adj. [[Ξενοφώντειος]], [[ξενοφώντεια]], [[ξενοφώντειον]], [[Xenophonian]], [[of Xenophon]] or [[by Xenophon]], λόγοι <span class="bibl">D.Chr.18.18</span>.
}}
{{bailly
|btext=ῶντος (ὁ) :<br />Xénophon, <i>général, historien et philosophe athénien</i>.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ξένος]], &#42;[[φάω]].
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{{Slater
|sltr=[[son]] of Thessalos, of [[Corinth]], of the [[clan]] Oligaithidai, [[victor]] in stadion and pentathlon at [[Olympia]] 464 B. C. <br /><b>1</b> λτ;γτ;ενοφῶντος εὔθυνε δαίμονος [[οὖρον]] (O. 13.28) ὦ Κύπρου [[δέσποινα]], τεὸν δεῦτ' ἐς [[ἄλσος]] φορβάδων κορᾶν ἀγέλαν ἑκατόγγυιον λτ;γτ;ενοφῶν τελέαις ἐπάγαγ εὐχωλαῖς ἰανθείς (Musurus: λτ;γτ;ενοφόων codd. Athenaei) fr. 122. 19.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''Ξενοφῶν:''' ῶντος ὁ Ксенофонт<br /><b class="num">1)</b> афинянин, сын Грилла, ученик Сократа, историк, публицист и полководец; ок. 444-354 гг. до н. э.;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> афинянин, сын трагика Эврипида, полководец в 429 г. до н. э. Thuc.;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> родом из Эфеса, один из первых авторов греч. романа, автор Ἐφεσιακά.
}}
{{wkpen
|wketx=Xenophon of Athens (/ˈzɛnəfən, -ˌfɒn/; Greek: Ξενοφῶν, Ancient Greek:, Xenophōn; c. 431 BC – 354 BC) was an ancient Greek historian, philosopher and soldier. Xenophon became commander of the Ten Thousand at about 30, with noted military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge saying of him, “the centuries since have devised nothing to surpass the genius of this warrior.” He established the precedent for many logistical operations and was among the first to use flanking maneuvers and feints. A student of Socrates, Xenophon is known for his writings and recording the history of his time (late-5th and early-4th centuries BC), in such works as Anabasis and Hellenica, which covered the final seven years and the aftermath of the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), thus representing a thematic continuation of Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War.

As one of the Ten Thousand (Greek mercenaries), Xenophon participated in Cyrus the Younger's failed campaign to claim the Persian throne from his brother Artaxerxes II of Persia. He recounted the events in Anabasis, his most notable history. Like Plato, Xenophon is an authority on Socrates, about whom he wrote several books of dialogues (the Memorabilia) and an Apology of Socrates to the Jury, which recounts the philosopher's trial in 399 BC.
}}
==List of works==
[[File:Xenophon dictating his history, illustration from 'Hutchinson's History of the Nations', 1915.jpg|thumb|Xenophon dictating his history, illustration from 'Hutchinson's History of the Nations', 1915]]
[[File:King's Peace 387 BC.jpg|thumb|[[Peace of Antalcidas|King's Peace]], promulgated by [[Artaxerxes II]], 387 BC, as reported by Xenophon.]]
Xenophon’s entire classical corpus is extant. The following list of his works exhibits the extensive breadth of genres in which Xenophon wrote.

===Historical and biographical works===
* ''[[Anabasis (Xenophon)|Anabasis]]'' (also: ''The Persian Expedition'' or ''The March Up Country'' or The ''Expedition of Cyrus''): Provides an early life biography of Xenophon. ''Anabasis'' was used as a field guide by [[Alexander the Great]] during the early phases of his expedition into the [[Achaemenid Empire]].
* ''[[Cyropaedia]]'' (also: ''The Education of Cyrus)'': Sometimes seen as the archetype of the European "[[mirror of princes]]" genre.
* ''[[Hellenica (Xenophon)|Hellenica]]'': His ''Hellenica'' is a major primary source for events in Greece from 411 to 362 BC, and is considered to be the continuation of the ''[[History of the Peloponnesian War]]'' by [[Thucydides]], going so far as to begin with the phrase "Following these events...". The Hellenica recounts the last seven years of the Peloponnesian war, as well as its aftermath.
* ''[[Agesilaus (Xenophon)|Agesilaus]]'': The biography of Agesilaus II, king of Sparta and companion of Xenophon.
* ''[[Polity of the Lacedaemonians]]'': Xenophon’s history and description of the Spartan government and institutions.

===Socratic works and dialogues===

====Defences of Socrates====
* ''[[Memorabilia (Xenophon)|Memorabilia]]'': Collection of Socratic dialogues serving as a defense of Socrates outside of court.
* ''[[Apology (Xenophon)|Apology]]'': Xenophon's defence of Socrates in court.

====Other Socratic dialogues====
* ''[[Oeconomicus]]'': Socratic dialogue of a different sort, pertaining to household management.
* ''[[Symposium (Xenophon)|Symposium]]'': Symposic literature in which Socrates and his companions discuss what they take pride in with respect to themselves.

====Tyrants====
* ''[[Hiero (Xenophon)|Hiero]]'': Dialogue about happiness between [[Hiero I of Syracuse|Hiero]], the tyrant of Syracuse, and the lyric poet [[Simonides of Ceos]].

===Short treatises===
These works were probably written by Xenophon when he was living in Scillus. His days were likely spent in relative leisure here, and he wrote these treatises about the sorts of activities he spent time on.
* ''[[On Horsemanship]]'': Treatise on how to break, train, and care for horses.
* ''[[Hipparchicus|Hipparchikos]]'': Outlines the duties of a cavalry officer.
* ''[[Cynegeticus|Hunting with Dogs]]'': Treatise on the proper methods of hunting with dogs and the advantages of hunting.
* ''[[Ways and Means (Xenophon)|Ways and Means]]'': Describes how Athens should deal with financial and economic crisis.

===Spuria===
* ''[[Constitution of the Athenians (Pseudo-Xenophon)|Constitution of the Athenians]]'': Describes and criticizes Athenian democracy; now thought not to be by Xenophon.
{{trml
|trtx=als: Xenophon; an: Xenofon; ar: كسينوفون; ast: Xenofonte; az: Ksenofon; be: Ксенафонт; bg: Ксенофонт; br: Ksenofon; ca: Xenofont; ckb: زەینەفۆن; cs: Xenofón; cy: Xenophon; da: Xenofon; de: Xenophon; diq: Ksenofon; el: Ξενοφών; en: Xenophon; eo: Ksenofono; es: Jenofonte; et: Xenophon; eu: Xenofonte; fa: گزنفون; fi: Ksenofon; fr: Xénophon; fy: Ksenofon; ga: Xenophon; gl: Xenofonte de Atenas; he: קסנופון; hr: Ksenofont; ht: Xeinofhon; hu: Xenophón; hy: Քսենոփոն; ia: Xenophon; id: Xenophon; io: Xenofon; is: Xenofon; it: Senofonte; ja: クセノポン; ka: ქსენოფონტი; kk: Ксенофонт; ko: 크세노폰; la: Xenophon; lfn: Xenofon; lij: Senofonte; lt: Ksenofontas; lv: Ksenofonts; mg: Xénophon; mk: Ксенофонт; ms: Xenophon; nl: Xenophon; nn: Xenofon; no: Xenofon; oc: Xenofont; pl: Ksenofont; pnb: زینوفون; pnt: Ξενοφών; ps: زینوفون; pt: Xenofonte; ro: Xenofon; ru: Ксенофонт; scn: Sinufunti; sco: Xenophon; sh: Ksenofont; simple: Xenophon; sk: Xenofón; sl: Ksenofont; sq: Ksenofoni; sr: Ксенофонт; sv: Xenofon; ta: செனபோன்; tl: Henoponte; tr: Ksenofon; uk: Ксенофонт; uz: Ksenofont; vi: Xenophon; war: Xenophon; wuu: 色诺芬; zh_classical: 色諾芬; zh_yue: 色諾芬; zh: 色诺芬
}}