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{{LaEn
|lnetxt=tam ADV :: so, so much (as); to such an extent/degree; nevertheless, all the same
}}
{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>tam</b>: adv. orig. acc. fem. of the [[demonstrative]] [[root]] ta-; cf.: tum, [[tamen]], correlative of [[quam]],<br /><b>I</b> so, so [[much]], as.<br /><b>I</b> As [[comparative]] adverb, [[demonstrative]] [[with]] correlative [[quam]], introducing [[comparative]] clauses of [[like]] [[intensity]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> As [[adjunct]] of adjectives or participles the [[intensity]] of [[which]] is expressed by a [[comparative]] [[clause]], tam ... [[quam]] = as ... as; negatively, non ([[neque]], [[nihil]], etc.) tam ... [[quam]] = not so ... as.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[comparison]] [[between]] [[two]] adjj.: tam esse [[clemens]] [[tyrannus]] [[quam]] rex [[importunus]] potest, a [[tyrant]] [[may]] be as [[mild]] as a [[king]] [[may]] be [[harsh]], Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50 (B. and K. bracket rex): non tam [[solido]] [[quam]] [[splendido]] nomine, id. Fin. 1, 18, 61: tam culpae hostium justus [[existimator]] [[quam]] [[gloriosus]] [[victor]], Val. Max. 3, 8, 1: adjuro, tam me [[tibi]] vera referre Quam veri majora [[fide]], things as true as [[they]] are [[beyond]] [[belief]], Ov. M. 3, 659: quorum [[vires]] [[quam]] repentinae tam breves, Sen. Q. N. 6, 7, 2.—Negatively: non [[enim]] tam praeclarum est scire Latine [[quam]] turpe nescire, Cic. Brut. 37, 140: ut [[illa]] ... non tam mirabilia sunt, [[quam]] conjecta [[belle]], id. Div. 2, 31, 66; 2, 36, 76: nec tam Turpe fuit vinci [[quam]] contendisse [[decorum]] est, Ov. M. 9, 5. —Tam preceded by comp. [[clause]]: maximeque eam pestilentiam insignem [[mors]] [[quam]] matura tam acerba M. Furi fecit, Liv. 7, 1, 8: [[quam]] magni nominis [[bellum]] est, tam difficilem existimaritis victoriam [[fore]], id. 21, 43, 11: [[donec]] [[quam]] felices seditiones, tam honorati seditionum auctores essent, id. 4, 2, 4. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In a [[comparison]] [[between]] degrees of [[intensity]], etc., of the [[same]] adjective.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> As in [[relative]] clauses, the adjective [[repeated]] (so esp. in Plaut.; not [[repeated]] in English): tam [[liquidus]] est [[quam]] liquida [[tempestas]] esse solet, as [[serene]] as the [[weather]] is [[wont]] to be, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 64: [[quam]] placida'st [[aqua]], id. ib. 3, 2, 165: tam frictum ego illum reddam [[quam]] frictum est [[cicer]], id. Bacch. 4, 4, 7.—Negatively: [[nemo]] [[orator]] tam [[multa]] scripsit [[quam]] [[multa]] sunt nostra, Cic. Or. 30, 168: [[tametsi]] non tam [[multum]] in istis rebus [[intellego]] [[quam]] [[multa]] vidi, id. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> The adjective not [[repeated]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The terms of [[comparison]] [[being]] nouns or pronouns: tam ego fui [[ante]] [[liber]] [[quam]] [[gnatus]] [[tuus]] ( = [[quam]] [[liber]] [[gnatus]] [[tuus]] est), Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 60: fieret [[corium]] tam maculosum [[quam]] est nutricis [[pallium]], id. Bacch. 3, 3, 30: tam mihi mea [[vita]] [[quam]] tua Tibi cara est, id. Cas. 3, 6, 43: ni illam mihi tam tranquillam facis [[quam]] [[mare]] est, id. Poen. 1, 2, 145: tam crebri ad terram decidebant [[quam]] pira, id. ib. 2, 38: tam excoctam reddam [[atque]] atram [[quam]] [[carbo]]'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 63: [[quom]] fervit maxume, tam placidum (eum) [[quam]] ovem [[reddo]], id. ib. 4, 1, 18: tam [[sum]] [[misericors]] [[quam]] vos, tam [[mitis]] [[quam]] qui lenissimus, Cic. Sull. 31, 87: tam gratum mihi id erit [[quam]] [[quod]] gratissimum, id. Fam. 13, 3: nulla ingenia tam prona ad invidiam sunt [[quam]] eorum qui [[genus]] ac fortunam suam animis non aequant, Liv. 45, 22: [[nihil]] est tam violentum [[quam]] magna vis aquae, Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 6: (cum [[sit]]) tam [[aurum]] et [[argentum]] [[quam]] aes Corinthium ( = cum [[aurum]] et [[argentum]] tam [[sit]] Corinthium [[quam]] aes), Quint. 8, 2, 8: (ira) tam [[inutilis]] animi [[minister]] est [[quam]] [[miles]] qui [[signum]] receptui neglegit, Sen. Ira, 1, 9, 2.— Negatively: [[neque]] [[opes]] nostrae tam sunt validae [[quam]] tuae, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 20: [[nihil]] esse tam detestabile tamque pestiferum [[quam]] voluptatem, Cic. Sen. 12, 41: [[neque]] tam [[condenso]] corpore [[nubes]] esse queunt [[quam]] sunt lapides, [[neque]] [[autem]] tam tenues [[quam]] nebulae, Lucr. 6, 101.—Virtually [[negative]]: [[quod]] [[enim]] tam infidum [[mare]] [[quam]] blanditiae principum? ( = nullum tam infidum [[mare]], etc.), Plin. [[Pan]]. 66. — With comp. pregn. ([[very]] [[rare]]): istam dextram non tam in [[bellis]] et proeliis [[quam]] in promissis et [[fide]] firmiorem, i. e. whose [[superior]] [[trustworthiness]] is not so [[much]] in wars, etc., Cic. Deiot. 3, 8: [[vectigal]] ex agro eorum capimus, [[quod]] nobis non tam fructu jucundius est, [[quam]] ultione, Liv. 28, 39, 13. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[quam]] in subst.-[[clause]]: [[quicquid]] mali hic [[Pisistratus]] non fecerit, tam gratum est [[quam]] si [[alium]] facere prohibuerit, Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2.—Negatively: juris [[interpretatio]], quae non tam mihi molesta [[sit]] [[propter]] laborem [[quam]] [[quod]] dicendi cogitationem auferat, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 12. — Virtually [[negative]]: [[quid]] [[autem]] tam exiguum [[quam]] est [[munus]] hoc eorum qui consuluntur? Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[quam]] in adverb.-[[clause]]: cupam facito tam crassam [[quam]] modioli postulant, [[Cato]], R. R. 21, 1: si [[era]] mea sciat tam socordem esse [[quam]] [[sum]], Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 5: tua est [[imago]]: tam consimili'st [[quam]] potest, id. Men. 5, 9, 4: sororem tam similem [[quam]] [[lacte]] lacti est, id. Mil. 2, 2, 87.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Tam [[with]] advv.: tam ... [[quam]] = as (so) ... as; negatively = not so ... as.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Comparing an adv. [[with]] [[another]] adv. or adverb. [[clause]]: [[satin']] [[istuc]] mihi exquisitum est ... ? Ar. Tam [[satis]] [[quam]] [[numquam]] hoc invenies [[secus]], [[with]] as [[full]] [[certainty]] as [[that]] [[you]] [[will]] [[never]] [[find]] this [[otherwise]], Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 106.—Virtually [[negative]]: [[quis]] [[umquam]] obeundi negotii [[studio]] tam brevi tempore tot loca adire potuit, [[quam]] [[celeriter]] Cn. Pompejo duce tanti belli [[impetus]] navigavit? Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34. —After [[quam]]: nam dictaturam [[quam]] [[pertinaciter]] ei deferebat [[populus]], tam [[constanter]] repulit, Vell. 2, 89, 5 (the [[repetition]] of the adverb is [[especially]] [[frequent]] in tam diu ... [[quam]] diu; v. [[tamdiu]]).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The adverb understood [[after]] [[quam]]: sed tu novisti fidicinam? Tr. Tam [[facile]] [[quam]] me ([[quam]] [[facile]] me [[novi]]), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 72: tam [[facile]] vinces [[quam]] [[pirum]] [[volpes]] comest, id. Most. 3, 1, 26: tam [[hercle]] [[certe]] [[quam]] ego ted, ac tu me vides, id. Merc. 1, 2, 77: tam [[audacter]] ([[ibis]] [[intro]]) [[quam]] domum ad te, id. Truc. 1, 2, 109: tam [[facile]] [[quam]] tu arbitraris, Cic. Div. 1, 6, 10: tam [[cito]] evertetur [[quam]] [[navis]], etc., id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: [[nihil]] tam [[cito]] redditur [[quam]] a speculo [[imago]], Sen. Q. N. 1, 4, 2. — Negatively: (ira) [[quia]] non tam [[cito]] in [[alium]] [[quam]] vult erumpit, Sen. Ira, 1, 19, 4.—Virtually [[negative]] ([[very]] freq.): [[quasi]] [[vero]] quidquam [[sit]] tam [[valde]], [[quam]] [[nihil]] sapere, vulgare, Cic. Div. 2, 39, 81. — With [[sup]]. adv.: [[quam]] potes tam verba [[confer]] [[maxime]] ad [[compendium]] = as [[much]] as [[you]] can ([[hence]] the idiomatic [[expression]]: [[quam]] [[maxime]] = as [[much]] as [[possible]]), Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 184. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> With verbs: tam ... [[quam]] = as [[much]] ... as, as [[well]] ... as; negatively: non tam ... [[quam]], not so [[much]] ... as.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; One [[verb]] compared [[with]] [[another]]: nam [[quod]] [[edit]] tam [[duim]] [[quam]] perduim, for [[what]] he can [[eat]] I would [[give]] as [[much]] as [[lose]], Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6: vellem tam domestica ferre possem [[quam]] ista contemnere, Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4: [[utinam]] tam non pigeat ista facere [[quam]] non displicebit, Quint. 2, 5, 17: [[Tyrus]] et ipsa tam movetur [[quam]] diluitur, Sen. Q. N. 6, 26, 5.—Negatively: [[fit]] [[quoque]] [[enim]] [[interdum]] ut non tam concurrere [[nubes]] frontibus adversis possint [[quam]] de latere [[ire]], Lucr. 6, 115.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[same]] [[verb]] [[repeated]] or understood [[after]] [[quam]]; the compared terms [[being]],<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Nouns or pronouns: tam mihi [[quam]] [[illi]] libertatem [[hostilis]] eripuit [[manus]]; tam [[ille]] [[apud]] nos servit [[quam]] ego hic [[apud]] te [[servio]], Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 61: tam hic scit me habere (pecuniam) [[quam]] [[egomet]] (i. e. [[scio]]), id. Aul. 3, 6, 12: [[quam]] tu filium tuum, tam me [[pater]] me [[meus]] desiderat, id. Capt. 2, 2, 6: tam huic loqui licere [[oportet]] [[quam]] [[isti]], id. Cas. 2, 6, 58: tam [[tibi]] [[istuc]] [[credo]] [[quam]] mihi, id. Ep. 1, 2, 25: haec [[tibi]] tam sunt defendenda [[quam]] [[moenia]], Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137: tam moveor [[quam]] tu, Luculle, id. ib. 2, 46, 141: tamque id ... tuendum conservandumque nobis est [[quam]] illud, etc., id. Off. 3, 4, 17: amurcam periti agricolae tam in doliis condunt [[quam]] [[oleum]] aut [[vinum]] (as [[well]] as), Varr. R. R. 1, 61: tam naturā putarem vitam hominis sustentari [[quam]] [[vitis]], [[quam]] arboris, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56: [[sicut]] pueris, qui tam parentibus amissis flebunt [[quam]] nucibus, Sen. Ira. 1, 12, 4: meliorque tam sibi [[quam]] aliis faciendus (est), id. ib. 1, 15, 1: tam [[solstitium]] [[quam]] [[aequinoctium]] suos [[dies]] rettulit (i. e. [[solstitium]] tam rettulit [[dies]] [[quam]] rettulit [[aequinoctium]]), id. Q. N. 3, 16, 3: [[quoniam]] orationis tam [[ornatus]] [[quam]] [[perspicuitas]] aut in singulis verbis est aut in pluribus [[positus]] (i. e. [[ornatus]] tam [[positus]] est [[quam]] [[perspicuitas]]), Quint. 8, 3, 15. — This [[construction]] passes [[into]] [[mere]] co - ordination: tam vera [[quam]] falsa cernimus, as [[well]] ... as, [[almost]] = [[both]] ... and, Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111: repentina res, [[quia]] [[quam]] causam nullam tam ne fidem [[quidem]] habebat ( = ut causam nullam, sic ne fidem [[quidem]]; cf. sic), Liv. 8, 27, 10; so Sall. J. 31, 16; id. H. 1, 41, 24 Dietsch; cf. Liv. 33, 17, 9; Sen. Q. N. 4, 13, 4. — Negatively: non tam meāpte causā Laetor [[quam]] illius, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 8: [[nihil]] est [[quod]] tam obtundat elevetque aegritudinem ... [[quam]] [[meditatio]] condicionis humanae, Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 34: quae compararat non tam suae delectationis causā [[quam]] ad invitationes adventusque nostrorum hominum, id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83: cujus me facti paenituit non tam [[propter]] [[periculum]] [[meum]] [[quam]] [[propter]] vitia [[multa]] quae, id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: quā nullā in re tam [[utor]] [[quam]] in hac civili et publicā, id. Att. 2, 17, 2: [[neque]] eos tam istius hominis perditi subita [[laetitia]] [[quam]] hominis amplissimi nova [[gratulatio]] movebat, id. Verr. 1, 8, 21: Iliensibus [[Rhoeteum]] addiderunt, non tam ob recentia ulla merita [[quam]] originum memoriā, Liv. 38, 39, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Object-inff.: [[qualis]] est istorum [[oratio]] qui omnia non tam esse [[quam]] videri volunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: [[quid]] [[enim]] tam pugnat, [[quam]] non [[modo]] miserum, sed [[omnino]] quidquam esse qui non [[sit]], id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13: virtute ipsā non tam multi praediti esse [[quam]] videri volunt, id. Lael. 26, 98.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subject-inff. or [[dependent]] clauses: ego illud [[argentum]] tam paratum filio Scio esse, [[quam]] me hunc scipionem contui ( = tam [[scio]], [[argentum]] paratum esse, [[quam]] [[scio]] me, etc.), Plaut. As. 1, 1, 109: Parmenonis tam [[scio]] esse hanc techinam [[quam]] me vivere, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51: tam teneor [[dono]] [[quam]] si dimittar [[onustus]], Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 18: Acrisium Tam violasse deum [[quam]] non agnosse nepotem Paenitet, Ov. M. 4, 613: tam perdis operam cum [[illi]] irasceris, [[quam]] cum illum alteri precaris iratum, Sen. Ira, 2, 30, 2.—Negatively (so [[most]] freq.): [[nihil]] est [[quod]] tam deceat [[quam]] in omni re gerendā servare constantiam, Cic. Off. 1, 34, 125: eundum [[igitur]] est, nec tam ut belli [[quam]] ut fugae socii [[simus]], id. Att. 9, 2, a, 3: nec tam quaerendum est, [[dolor]] malumne [[sit]], [[quam]] firmandus [[animus]] ad dolorem ferendum, id. Tusc. 2, 12, 28: non tam ut prosim causis elaborare [[soleo]], [[quam]] ut ne [[quid]] obsim, id. Or. 2, 72, 295: cum ego te non tam vitandi laboris mei causā [[quam]] [[quia]] tuā id interesse arbitrarer, [[hortatus]] essem, id. Top. 1, 2: auxilia convenerant non tam Vejentium gratiā concitata, [[quam]] [[quod]] in spem ventum erat, etc., Liv. 2, 44, 7: Boji defecerunt, nec tam ob veteres in populum Romanum iras, [[quam]] [[quod]], etc., id. 21, 25, 2. — So [[with]] causal clauses, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; id. Or. 3, 30, 119; id. Sest. 64, 135; Liv. 8, 19, 3. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[quam]] in adverb.-[[clause]]: tam [[confido]] [[quam]] poti'st, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 1; and in [[Cicero]]'s epistolary [[style]], tam esse [[with]] predicative [[force]] ([[like]] ita esse, sic esse; v. sic): [[atque]] ego haec tam esse [[quam]] [[audio]] non [[puto]] ( = tam [[male]] esse), Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 9.—（ε) Tam [[with]] a neg. is [[sometimes]] followed by sed [[with]] an [[independent]] [[clause]], [[instead]] of a comp. [[clause]]: [[quidam]] [[autem]] non tam id reprehendunt, si remissius agatur, sed [[tantum]] [[studium]] tamque multam operam ponendam in eo non arbitrantur, Cic. Fin. 1, 1, 1 Madv. ad loc.; cf.: quae ([[suaviloquentia]]) [[quidem]] non tam est in plerisque ... sed est ea [[laus]] eloquentiae [[certe]] maxima, id. Brut. 15, 58.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> With esse and predic. [[noun]]: tam ea est [[quam]] poti'st nostra [[erilis]] [[concubina]], Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 47: [[equidem]] tam [[sum]] servos [[quam]] tu, id. Capt. 3, 4, 11: tam ego [[homo]] [[sum]] [[quam]] tu, id. As. 2, 4, 83: nam id nobis tam [[flagitium]]'st [[quam]] [[illa]] Non facere, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 68: tam es tu judex [[quam]] ego [[senator]], Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17: tam [[sum]] [[amicus]] rei publicae [[quam]] qui [[maxime]], id. Fam. 5, 2, 6.—With prep. and its [[case]] as [[predicate]]: tam hoc [[quidem]] [[tibi]] in proclivi [[quam]] [[imber]] [[quando]] [[pluit]], Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 86: qui non defendit, nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in [[vitio]] [[quam]] si parentes, etc., deserat, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23. — Negatively: [[nihil]] est tam [[contra]] naturam [[quam]] [[turpitudo]], Cic. Off. 3, 8, 35. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> With [[quasi]] in [[place]] of [[quam]]: tam a me pudica est [[quasi]] [[soror]] mea [[sit]], Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 51. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>F</b> Quam ... tam [[with]] compp. = [[quanto]] ... tanto or quo ... eo ([[ante]]-[[class]]. and [[poet]].): [[quam]] [[magis]] [[aerumna]] urget, tam [[magis]] ad malefaciendum viget, Enn. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 303 Vahl.): [[quam]] [[magis]] adspecto, tam [[magis]] est nimbata, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 138: [[magis]] [[quam]] id [[reputo]], tam [[magis]] uror quae [[meus]] [[filius]] turbavit, id. Bacch. 5, 1, 5: [[quam]] [[magis]] te in [[altum]] capessis, tam [[aestus]] te in portum [[refert]], id. As. 1, 3, 6: quo quaeque [[magis]] sunt aspera semina eorum, Tam [[magis]] in somnis [[eadem]] saevire necessust, Lucr. 4, 999: quae [[quanto]] [[magis]] [[inter]] se perplexa coibant, Tam [[magis]] expressa ea quae [[mare]] ... efficerent, id. 5, 453: tam [[magis]] [[illa]] fremens et tristibus effera flammis, Quam [[magis]] effuso crudescunt [[sanguine]] pugnae, Verg. A. 7, 787.—With [[quanto]] for [[quam]]: [[quanto]] [[magis]] aetheris [[aestus]] cogebant terram, Tam [[magis]], etc., Lucr. 5, 484. —With rel. adv. for [[quam]]: [[verum]] [[ubicumque]] [[magis]] [[denso]] sunt agmine [[nubes]], tam [[magis]] [[hinc]] ... [[fremitus]] [[fit]], Lucr. 6, 99. — Ellips. of tam: [[quam]] [[magis]] [[specto]]. [[minus]] placet mihi hominis [[facies]], Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 19.—<br /> Quam ... tam [[with]] superll. = [[quanto]] ... tanto or quo ... eo ([[mostly]] anteclass.; cf. the [[class]].: ut [[quisque]] [[maxime]] ... ita [[maxime]]): [[quam]] citissime conficies, tam [[maxime]] expediet, [[Cato]], R. R. 64 (65): [[oleum]] [[quam]] diutissime in amurcā erit, tam deterrimum erit, id. ib. 64 (65): [[quam]] acerbissima [[olea]] [[oleum]] [[facies]], tam [[oleum]] optumum erit, id. ib. 65 (66): [[quam]] plurimum erit, tam citissime [[canus]] fiet, id. ib. 157 (158) med.: [[quam]] ad probos propinquitate [[proxume]] te adjunxeris, tam optumum est, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59: [[quam]] [[maxime]] huic vana haec [[suspicio]] erit, tam facillime patris pacem in leges conficiet suas, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 44: [[quam]] vos facillime agitis, [[quam]] estis maxume Potentes, dites, fortunati, nobiles: tam [[maxime]] vos [[aequo]] [[animo]] aequa noscere Oportet, id. Ad. 3, 4, 56: [[quam]] paucissimos reliqueris, tam optimi fiunt in alendo, Varr. R. R. 2, 9: [[quam]] [[quisque]] pessume fecit, tam maxume [[tutus]] est, Sall. J. 31, 14. —<br /> With [[quam]] in [[immediate]] [[succession]] (to be [[distinguished]] from the conj. [[tamquam]], as if): nam, si a [[mare]] abstinuissem, tam [[quam]] hoc uterer ( = tam [[illo]] uterer [[quam]] hoc), Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 26: tam [[quam]] proserpens [[bestia]] ([[iste]]) est [[bilinguis]] et [[scelestus]] ( = tam [[bilinguis]] [[quam]], etc.), id. Fers. 2, 4, 28: esne tu huic [[amicus]]? To. Tam [[quam]] di omnes qui [[caelum]] colunt, id. ib. 4, 4, 32: vide, [[homo]] ut hominem noveris. Sy. Tam [[quam]] me, id. Trin. 4, 2, 68: nostine? Da. Tam [[quam]] te, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 15 (for tam diu, [[with]] or [[without]] [[quam]], [[quam]] diu, etc., v. [[tamdiu]]).<br /><b>II</b> With a comp. [[clause]] understood.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> With a comp. [[clause]] to be supplied from a [[preceding]] [[sentence]]: quae faciliora sunt philosophis ... [[quia]] tam [[graviter]] cadere non possunt (sc. [[quam]] alii), Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73: [[cur]] corporis curandi causā quaesita [[sit]] ars, animi [[autem]] [[medicina]] nec tam desiderata [[sit]] ... , nec tam culta (i. e. [[quam]] corporis [[medicina]]), id. Tusc. 3, 1, 1: [[nihil]] [[umquam]] tam [[eleganter]] explicabunt (i. e. [[quam]] [[Plato]]), id. ib. 1, 23, 55: non conturbat me [[expectatio]] tua, [[etsi]] [[nihil]] est eis, qui placere volunt, tam adversarium, id. Ac. 2, 4, 10: sed ea ([[plebs]]) [[nequaquam]] tam [[laeta]] Quinctium vidit (i. e. [[quam]] ejus amici), Liv. 3, 26, 12: nec minora consequi potuit ([[Maecenas]]); sed non tam concupivit (sc. [[quam]] [[Agrippa]]), Vell. 2, 88, 2: nec [[tibi]] tam longis [[opus]] est ambagibus [[usquam]], nec me tam multam hic operam consumere [[par]] est (i. e. [[quam]] consumere [[opus]] [[sit]], si haec tractare velim), Lucr 6, 1079; so, tam [[gratia]] est (colloq.) = non [[accipio]], sed tam [[gratia]] est [[quam]] esset si acciperem, I [[thank]] [[you]] [[just]] as [[much]]; no, [[thank]] [[you]]: [[bene]] vocas (ad [[prandium]]): tam [[gratia]]'st, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36: cenabis [[apud]] me. Ep. Locata'st [[opera]] [[nunc]] [[quidem]]: tam [[gratia]]'st, id. Stich. 3, 2, 18: [[quin]] tu, [[quidquid]] [[opus]]'st, [[audacter]] imperas? Ps. Tam [[gratia]]'st. Bene est [[tibi]]; [[nolo]] [[tibi]] molestos esse nos, id. Ps. 2, 4, 23 (in this [[formula]], [[however]], tam is explained by [[some]] as a shortened form for [[tamen]]; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Men. 386, and v. IV. [[infra]]).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> With a [[general]] comp. [[clause]] understood ( = sic, ita), so (so [[much]]) as I do, as [[you]] do, as he did, as I said [[before]], as he is, as [[you]] are, etc.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With adjj.: ut vos servem [[sedulo]], quos tam grandi sim [[mercatus]] pecuniā, [[have]] bought [[you]] at so [[high]] a [[price]], i. e. as I [[have]], Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 8: qui nummi exciderunt [[quod]] terram sic obtuere? [[quid]] vos maestos tam tristisque [[conspicor]]? (sc. as I do, as [[you]] are), id. Bacch. 4, 4, 17: [[equidem]] [[miror]], tam catam, tam doctam te et [[bene]] eductam, non scire [[stulte]] facere, id. Most. 1, 3, 29: ordine cum videas tam [[certo]] [[multa]] creari, Lucr. 5, 735: [[deus]] [[ille]] fuit qui ista in tam [[tranquillo]] et tam clarā [[luce]] locavit, id. 5, 12: [[quorsum]] [[igitur]] tam [[multa]] de voluptate? Cic. Sen. 12, 44: ut mihi [[quidem]], qui tam magno [[animo]] fuerit [[innocens]] [[damnatus]] esse videatur, id. Tusc. 1, 42, 100: [[inter]] ista tam magnifica verba tamque praeclara, id. Fin. 2, 23, 77: [[quis]] est qui complet aures meas [[tantus]] et tam [[dulcis]] [[sonus]]? as I [[hear]], id. Rep. 6, 18, 18: tollite hanc: nullam tam pravae sententiae causam reperietis, id. Phil. 14, 1, 3: et [[tamen]] veremur ut hoc [[quod]] a tam multis perferatur [[natura]] patiatur? (as it is, sc. suffered), id. Tusc. 2, 20, 46: ut tam in praecipitem locum non debeat se [[sapiens]] committere, id. Ac. 2, 21, 68: tam [[necessario]] tempore, tam propinquis hostibus, at so [[urgent]] a [[time]] as this, Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 6: [[supra]] [[triginta]] [[quinque]] milia hostium fuerant, ex quibus tam exigua [[pars]] pugnae superfuit, Liv. 39, 31, 14: tam constantem defensionem Scipionis [[universus]] [[senatus]] comprobavit, Val. Max. 3, 7, 1: [[ceterum]] ... ne tam praeclara lex ... oblitteraretur, id. 2, 8, 1: qui tam crudelem tyrannum occideret, id. 3, 1, 2: ne [[illo]] [[quidem]] tam [[misero]] tamque luctuoso tempore [[civitas]] nostra virtutis suae oblita est, id. 3, 2, 7: tam contraria est [[pestis]], Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136: tam parvo distat ibi tanta rerum naturae [[diversitas]], id. 5, 11, 12, § 65; so, tamne (cf. [[sicine]]): tamne [[indignus]] videar? Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 77.—And [[with]] [[sup]].: [[nondum]] erat vestris tam gravissimis tamque multis judiciis [[concisus]], of so [[great]] [[weight]], Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With advv.: [[alienus]] [[quom]] ejus [[incommodum]] tam [[aegre]] feras, [[quid]] me patrem [[par]] facere est? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 37: [[quid]] est negotii [[quod]] tu tam [[subito]] [[domo]] abeas? id. Am. 1, 3, 4: [[unde]] ego [[nunc]] tam [[subito]] huic [[argentum]] inveniam [[miser]]? Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 1: [[quia]] ([[anima]] cum corpore) tam conjuncta [[atque]] [[leniter]] apta'st, Lucr. 5, 559: jam mallem Cerberum metueres [[quam]] ista tam inconsiderata diceres, Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12: ista tam aperte et per versa et falsa, id. Ac. 2, 18, 60: cum ex co quaereretur [[cur]] tam diu vellet esse in vitā, id. Sen. 5, 13: me [[pudet]] tam [[cito]] de sententiā esse dejectum, id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14: [[etsi]] hoc [[quidem]] est in [[vitio]], dissolutionem naturae tam [[valde]] perhorrescere, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31: an [[melius]] fuerit rationem non dari [[omnino]], [[quam]] tam [[munifice]] et tam [[largiter]], as I [[have]] shown, id. N. D. 3, 27, 69: nam [[quod]] jus civile tam [[vehementer]] [[amplexus]] es, id. Or. 1, 55, 274: [[quid]] tu, inquit, tam [[mane]]? id. Rep. 1, 9, 14: [[cur]] hunc tam [[temere]] (as mentioned [[before]]) [[quisquam]] ab [[officio]] discessurum judicaret? Caes. B. G. 1, 40: [[quod]] suā victoriā tam insolenter gloriarentur, id. ib. 1, 14: cum tam [[procul]] a finibus Macedoniae absint, Liv. 39, 27, 6: non digna exempla quae tam [[breviter]] (as I am [[going]] to do) [[nisi]] majoribus urgerer, referrentur, Val. Max. 2, 7, 5: [[qualis]] esset quem tam diu tamque [[valde]] timuissent, Nep. Eum. 11, 2; and [[with]] [[sup]].: tam maturrime comparavisse, [[Cato]] ap. [[Charis]]. p. 184 P.—With adverb. abl.: tam crepusculo [[fere]] ut amant, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 77; cf.: tam vesperi, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15; v. III. B. 3. [[infra]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With verbs: ut, ni [[meum]] gnatum tam amem, tua jam virgis latera lacerentur [[probe]], Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 10: [[quid]], [[cedo]], te, [[obsecro]], tam abhorret [[hilaritudo]]? id. Cist. 1, 1, 55: [[quid]] tam properas? id. Pers. 4, 6, 11: cum te [[video]] nostrae familiae Tam ex [[animo]] [[factum]] velle ( = te tam velle nostrae familiae ex [[animo]] [[factum]]), Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 21: [[age]], [[quaeso]], ne tam obfirma te, Chreme, id. Heaut. 5, 5, 8: non pol [[temere]]'st [[quod]] tu tam times, id. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 9: Sy. Eamus, [[namque]] hic properat in Cyprum. Sa. Ne tam [[quidem]], implying a [[corresponding]] [[gesture]], id. Ad. 2, 4, 14: [[quam]] si explicavisset, non tam haesitaret, i. e. as he does, Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 18.—Sometimes [[with]] an adv. to be supplied: [[quid]] [[ergo]] hanc, [[quaeso]], tractas tam ( = tam [[male]], or implying a [[corresponding]] [[gesture]]), Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 31: Graecos in eo reprehendit [[quod]] [[mare]] tam secuti sunt ( = tam [[vulgo]]. or tam [[temere]]), Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 9; v. I. C. 2. δ,> [[supra]]. — With esse and predic. [[noun]]: [[numquam]] ego te tam esse matulam credidi, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 72.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Preceded and strengthened by a [[demonstrative]] adjective ([[order]]: 1. demonstr., 2. tam, 3. adjective, 4. [[noun]]; or, 1. demonstr., 2. [[noun]], 3. tam, 4. adjective).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After hic: etiamne haec tam parva [[civitas]], tam [[procul]] a manibus tuis remota, praedae [[tibi]] et quaestui fuit? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85: hunc hominem tam crudelem, tam sceleratum, tam nefarium nolunt judicare, id. ib. 2, 2, 31, § 77: hunc [[tamen]] hominem tam audacem, tam nefarium, tam nocentem, id. Clu. 14, 42: haec mea [[oratio]] tam longa aut tam [[alte]] repetita, id. Sest. 13, 31: in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo, id. Arch. 11, 28: hanc tam taetram, tam horribilem tamque infestam rei publicae pestem, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: in hac tam clarā re publicā [[natus]], id. Rep. 1, 19, 31: hanc rem publicam tam [[praeclare]] fundatam, id. Par. 1, 2, 10: haec tam crebra Etruriae concilia, Liv. 5, 5, 8: in his tam parvis [[atque]] tam nullis, Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 2: [[quorsum]] haec tam putida tendant, Hor. S. 2, 7, 21: hac tam prosperā pugnā nuntiatā, Curt. 3, 11, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After [[ille]]: [[ille]] [[homo]] tam [[locuples]], tam [[honestus]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11: illud [[argentum]] tam praeclarum ac tam nobile, id. ib. 2, 4, 20, § 44: illud tam [[grave]] [[bellum]], Val. Max. 5, 6, ext. 1: ne [[illo]] [[quidem]] tam [[misero]] tamque luctuoso tempore, id. 3, 2, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After [[iste]]: tamenne ista tam absurda defendes? Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 81: ista [[admonitio]] tua tam accurata, id. Att. 6, 1, 20: quae est ista tam infesta ira? Liv. 7, 30, 15: [[iste]] tam justus [[hostis]], tam [[misericors]] [[victor]], Curt. 4, 10, 34.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; After id ipsum: id ipsum tam [[mite]] ac tam moderatum [[imperium]], Liv. 1, 48, 9.—（ε) After tot: jacere [[necesse]] [[sit]] tot tam nobiles disciplinas, Cic. Ac. 2, 48, 147: tot tam valida oppida, Liv. 5, 54, 5: tot tam opulenti tyranni regesque, id. 25, 24, 13: [[inter]] tot tam effrenatarum gentium [[arma]], id. 21, 9, 3: tot tam praeclaris imperatoribus uno [[bello]] absumptis, id. 28, 28, 12; 25, 27, 13; 26, 13, 17; cf.: cum tot ac tam validae eluctandae [[manus]] essent, id. 24, 26, 13; 8, 12, 4.— (ζ) After hic [[talis]]: da operam ut hunc talem, tam jucundum, tam excellentem virum videas, Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3.<br /><b>III</b> As demonstr. adv. of [[intensity]], correlative [[with]] ut, [[that]], and its equivalents (qui, [[quin]]); so [[only]] [[with]] adjj. and advv. (not [[with]] verbs).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Without a [[negation]] ( = ita, [[adeo]]; [[rare]] [[before]] the Aug. [[period]]): ni erit tam sincerum ([[tergum]]), ut [[quivis]] dicat [[ampullarius]] Optumum esse operi faciundo [[corium]] et sincerissimum, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 51: quae ([[maturitas]]) mihi tam jucunda est ut, quo [[propius]] ad mortem accedam, [[quasi]] terram videre videar, Cic. Sen. 19, 71. de [[qua]] tam variae sunt doctissimorum hominum sententiae, ut magno argumento esse debeat, etc., id. N. D. 1, 1, 1: ad eum pervenit tam opportuno tempore, ut [[simul]] Domitiani [[exercitus]] [[pulvis]] cerneretur, et primi antecursores Scipionis viderentur, Caes. B. C. 3, 36: tam parandus ad dimicandum [[animus]], ut, etc., id. B. G. 2, 21: [[tamen]] tam [[evidens]] [[numen]] rebus adfuit Romanis, ut putem, etc., Liv. 5, 51, 4: infimam plebem [[natura]] ipsa tam abjecto tamque imo [[loco]] collocavit ut nullā ratione erigi aut sublevari possit, Ps.-Cic. Cons. 6, 22: tam [[multa]] sunt, tamque misera quae perferunt ut [[nemo]] [[sit]] [[quin]] mori saepissime cupiat, id. ib. 16, 59: quem [[constat]] tam certā acie luminum usum esse ut a Lilybaeo portu Carthaginienses egredientes classes intueretur, Val. Max. 1, 8, ext. 14: tam alacri [[animo]] suos ad id [[proelium]] cohortatus est ut diceret: Sic prandete, etc., id. 3, 2, ext. 3: in Theophrasto tam est loquendi [[nitor]] [[ille]] [[divinus]] ( = tam [[divinus]] est) ut ex eo [[nomen]] [[quoque]] traxisse videatur, Quint. 10, 1, 83: ([[Scipio]]) [[bellum]] in Africam transtulit, tam [[lentus]] ut opinionem luxuriae segnitiaeque malignis daret, Sen. Ira, 1, 11, 6; id. Q. N. 1, 15, 5: 3, 21, 1: tam parvulis in faucibus ... ut non [[sit]] dubium, etc., Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82: ipsum Macedonem tam [[graviter]] [[palma]] percussit ut [[paene]] concideret, Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> With a [[negation]], or in a [[question]] implying a [[negation]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Before ut ([[very]] freq. in the [[class]]. [[period]]; cf. [[adeo]], [[poet]]., e.g. Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 39): [[numquam]] tam dices [[commode]] ut [[tergum]] [[meum]] Tuam in fidem committam, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 33: non tam viva [[tamen]], [[calidus]] queat ut fieri [[fons]], Lucr. 6, 887: [[quis]] [[umquam]] [[praedo]] fuit tam [[nefarius]], [[quis]] [[pirata]] tam [[barbarus]] ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 146: non [[sum]] tam [[stultus]], ut te usurā falsi gaudii frui velim, id. Fam. 6, 12, 1: nec, cum id faciebamus tam eramus amentes ut explorata nobis esset [[victoria]], id. ib. 6, 1, 3: non essem tam [[inurbanus]] ac [[paene]] [[inhumanus]] uti in eo gravarer [[quod]] vos cupere sentirem, id. Or. 2, 90, 365: non [[puto]] tam expeditum [[negotium]] futurum ut non habeat aliquid morae, id. Att. 13, 31, 1: nec [[vero]] eram tam [[indoctus]] ignarusque rerum ut frangerer [[animo]] [[propter]], etc., id. Phil. 2, 15, 37: [[quis]] tam [[demens]] ut suā voluntate maereat? id. Tusc. 3, 29, 71; so id. Off. 3, 20, 82; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; id. Phil. 3, 4, 10: non [[enim]] proferremus vino oppressos ... tam [[absurde]], ut tum diceremus, etc., id. Ac. 2, 17, 53: non se tam [[barbarum]] ut non sciret, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 17: nulli sunt tam feri et sui juris [[affectus]] ut non disciplinā perdomentur, Sen. Ira, 2, 12, 3: [[nemo]] tam divos habuit faventes, crastinum ut posset sibi polliceri, id. Thyest. 619.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With a [[negation]] (esp. [[nemo]]), followed by qui ( = ut is; [[class]]. and freq.); nec [[quisquam]] [[sit]] tam [[opulentus]] qui mihi obsistat in viā, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 5: generi lenonio Numquam [[deus]] [[ullus]] tam [[benignus]] fuit, qui fuerit [[propitius]], id. Pers. 4, 4, 34: an [[ille]] tam esset [[stultus]] qui mihi [[mille]] nummum crederet? id. Trin. 4, 2, 42: [[nemo]] [[inventus]] est tam [[amens]], qui illud [[argentum]] tam praeclarum ac tam nobile eriperet, [[nemo]] tam [[audax]] qui posceret, [[nemo]] tam [[impudens]] qui postularet ut venderet, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 44: [[nemo]] Agrigenti [[neque]] aetate tam affectā [[neque]] viribus tam [[infirmis]] fuit, qui non illā nocte surrexerit, id. ib. 2, 4, 43, § 95: [[nemo]] est tam [[senex]] qui se annum non putet posse vivere, id. Sen. 7, 24: [[nihil]] tam [[absurde]] dici potest, [[quod]] non dicatur ab [[aliquo]] philosophorum, id. Div. 2, 58, 119: nulla [[gens]] tam [[immanis]] [[umquam]] fuit in quā tam [[crudelis]] [[hostis]] patriae [[sit]] [[inventus]], id. Sull. 27, 76: quae est [[anus]] tam delira quae timeat ista? id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48: ecquem tam amentem esse putas qui illud quo vescatur deum esse credat? id. N. D. 3, 16, 41: sed [[neque]] tam docti tum erant, ad quorum judicium elaboraret, et sunt, etc., id. Fin. 1, 3, 7; so id. Sen. 19, 67; id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Tusc. 1, 6, 11; 1, 15, 33; 2, 17, 41; id. Sest. 14, 32; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Fam. 9, 2, 2; id. Off. 2, 5, 16: [[neque]] tam remisso [[animo]] [[quisquam]] fuit qui eā nocte conquierit, Caes. B. C. 1, 21: in [[bello]] [[nihil]] tam leve est [[quod]] non magnae [[interdum]] rei [[momentum]] faciat, Liv. 25, 18, 3: ut [[nemo]] tam [[humilis]] esset cui non [[aditus]] ad eum pateret, Nep. Milt. 8, 4: ecquid esse tam saevum potest [[quod]] superet illum? Sen. Thyest. 196. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With a [[negation]], followed by [[quin]] ( = ut is non; [[class]]. and freq.): nec [[sacrum]] nec tam profanum quidquam est [[quin]] ibi [[ilico]] adsit, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27: [[nihil]] mihi tam parvi est [[quin]] me id pigeat perdere, id. Pers. 4, 6, 8: nec [[quisquam]] est tam ingenio [[duro]], [[neque]] tam [[firmo]] pectore [[quin]] sibi faciat [[bene]], id. As. 5, 2, 94: [[numquam]] tam [[mane]] [[egredior]], [[neque]] tam vesperi Domum revortor, [[quin]] te ... conspicer Fodere, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15: nil tam [[difficile]]'st [[quin]] quaerendo investigari possiet, id. ib. 4, 2, 8: ut [[nullus]] [[umquam]] [[dies]] tam magnā tempestate fuerit, [[quin]] ... solem homines viderint, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 26: [[numquam]] tam [[male]] est Siculis [[quin]] aliquid [[facete]] et [[commode]] dicant, id. ib. 2, 4, 43, § 95: [[nemo]] est tam [[afflictus]] [[quin]] possit navare aliquid et efficere, id. Fam. 6, 1, 7: ut [[nemo]] tam [[ferus]] fuerit, [[quin]] ejus causam lacrimarit, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4.<br /> Tam, [[ante]]-[[class]]., [[sometimes]] = [[tamen]]: antiqui tam [[etiam]] pro [[tamen]] usi sunt, Fest. p. 360: [[bene]] cum facimus, tam [[male]] cupimus ... ; [[quamquam]] estis [[nihili]], tam [[ecastor]] [[simul]] [[vobis]] consului, Titin. ap. Fest. l. l.; so, [[etsi]] [[illi]] [[aliter]] nos faciant [[quam]] aequom [[sit]], tam pol noxiae nequid [[magis]] [[sit]] ... [[nostrum]] [[officium]] meminisse [[decet]], Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 44 Fleck., Ritschl: tam si [[nihil]] [[usus]] esset, jam non dicerem, id. Merc. 4, 3, 32 Ritschl; v. Prol. Trin. p. 14 ib.; Brix ad Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36; Curt. in Rhein. Mus. 6, 84; 6, 93; [[but]] cf. [[contra]], Corss. Beitr. p. 272 sqq.<br /> In the [[dialect]] of [[Praeneste]]: tam [[modo]], [[just]] [[now]] ( = [[modo]]): [[ilico]] hic [[ante]] [[ostium]]; Tam [[modo]], inquit Praenestinus, Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 8 Brix ad loc.; cf. Fest. s. v. [[tammodo]], p. 359; Ritschl, opusc. 2, 372.
}}
{{Gaffiot
|gf=(1) [[tam]],⁵ adv. démonstratif,<br /><b>1</b> tant, autant, si, à ce degré, à ce point : [[tam]] [[necessario]] tempore, [[tam]] propinquis hostibus Cæs. G. 1, 16, 6, dans une circonstance si pressante, avec des ennemis si proches ; vestris [[tam]] gravibus tamque multis judiciis [[concisus]] Cic. Phil. 12, 11, accablé par [[vos]] jugements si pleins de rigueur et si nombreux ; hæc [[tam]] parva [[civitas]] Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 85, [[cette]] cité si petite ; in [[hoc]] [[tam]] [[exiguo]] vitæ curriculo Cic. Arch. 28, dans [[cette]] carrière si courte de la vie ; [[ille]] [[homo]] [[tam]] [[locuples]] Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, cet homme-là si riche ; tamenne ista [[tam]] absurda defendes ? Cic. Nat. 1, 81, persisteras-tu à défendre des choses aussi absurdes ; [[tot]] [[tam]] nobiles disciplinæ Cic. Ac. 2, 147, tant d’écoles si célèbres ; [[tam]] [[aperte]], [[tam]] [[diu]], [[tam]] [[cito]] Cic. Ac. 2, 60 ; CM 13 ; Tusc. 2, 14, si ouvertement, si longtemps, si vite ; [[tam]] [[modo]], v. [[tammodo]] ; [[non]] [[tam]] hæsitaret Cic. Fin. 2, 18, il n’hésiterait pas à ce point<br /><b>2</b> [en corrélation] <b> a)</b> [avec [[quam]] ] autant (aussi)... que : [[non]] [[tam]] præclarum [[est]] scire [[Latine]] [[quam]] [[turpe]] nescire Cic. Br. 140, il [[est]] moins beau de savoir le latin que laid de l’ignorer ; [[nihil]] [[esse]] [[tam]] detestabile tamque pestiferum [[quam]] voluptatem Cic. CM 41, que [[rien]] n’[[est]] aussi détestable, aussi funeste que la volupté ; [[quis]] [[tam]] [[brevi]] tempore [[tot]] [[loca]] adire potuit [[quam]] [[celeriter]] Cn. Pompeio [[duce]] belli [[impetus]] navigavit ? Cic. Pomp. 34, qui a pu visiter tant de lieux avec une rapidité égale à la promptitude avec laquelle sous la direction de Gn. Pompée l’offensive de la guerre a traversé les flots ? [[tam]] ferre... [[quam]] contemnere Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4, supporter... autant que mépriser ; [[tam]] id [[honestum]] tuendum [[est]] [[nobis]] [[quam]] [[illud]] sapientibus Cic. Off. 3, 17, nous devons défendre [[cette]] honnêteté autant que les sages la leur &#124;&#124; [[quam]] [[magis]]... [[tam]] [[magis]] Pl. Pœn. 348, [[plus]]... [[plus]], cf. Pl. Bacch. 1091, ou [[quo]] [[magis]]... [[tam]] [[magis]] Lucr. 4, 999, ou [[quanto]] [[magis]]... [[tam]] [[magis]] Lucr. 5, 453 ; [[tam]] [[magis]]... [[quam]] [[magis]] Virg. En. 7, 787, d’autant [[plus]]... que &#124;&#124; [[quam]] et superl... [[tam]] et superl., [[plus]]... [[plus]] : [[Cato]] Agr. 64 ; 65 ; 157 ; Pl. Aul. 236 ; Ter. Ad. 503 ; Sall. J. 31, 14 ; <b> b)</b> [avec [[quasi]] ] autant que si, comme si : Pl. Curc. 51 ; <b> c)</b> [avec ut ou qui, quæ, [[quod]] et le subj. conséc.] tellement que, assez pour, etc. : [[quis]] [[nostrum]] [[tam]] [[animo]] agresti ac [[duro]] fuit, ut... [[non]] commoveretur ? Cic. Arch. 17, qui de nous a eu le cœur assez farouche, assez dur pour n’être pas ému...? [[tam]] variæ sunt sententiæ, ut Cic. Nat. 1, 1, les opinions sont si diverses que ; [[nemo]] [[tam]] [[sine]] oculis, [[tam]] [[sine]] mente vivit ut... Cic. de Or. 1, 249, aucun être vivant n’[[est]] assez dépourvu d’yeux, assez dépourvu d’intelligence pour &#124;&#124; [avec qui, la principale ayant valeur négative] : [[nihil]] [[tam]] [[absurde]] dici potest, [[quod]] [[non]] dicatur ab [[aliquo]] philosophorum Cic. Div. 2, 119, on ne peut [[rien]] [[dire]] de si [[absurde]] que qq. [[philosophe]] ne le dise ; [[nemo]] [[est]] [[tam]] [[senex]], qui... Cic. CM 24, personne n’[[est]] assez vieux pour...; [[neque]] [[tam]] docti tum erant, ad quorum [[judicium]] elaboraret Cic. Fin. 1, 7, il n’y avait pas alors d’hommes assez éclairés pour qu’il s’efforçât de satisfaire leur goût, cf. Cic. CM 67 ; <b> d)</b> [avec [[quin]] et subj. conséc., quand la principale [[est]] négative] : [[numquam]] [[tam]] [[male]] [[est]] Siculis, [[quin]]... dicant Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 95, jamais les Siciliens ne sont en si mauvaise posture qu’ils ne disent..., cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26 ; Fam. 6, 1, 7 ; Nep. Alc. 6, 4.<br />(2) [[tam]], adv. = [[tamen]], cf. Fest. 360, 5 ; Pl. St. 44.
}}
{{Georges
|georg=(1) [[tam]]<sup>1</sup>, Adv. (urspr. Acc. sing. femin. zum Pronominalstamm *to- [s. is-te], [[wie]] [[quam]] zu [[quo]]-), I) korrelative Demonstrativpartikel zur Bezeichnung [[des]] verglichenen Grades = soweit, [[insoweit]], in dem Grade, [[dergestalt]], so, so [[sehr]]. Die [[Vergleichung]] wird gegeben: a) [[mit]] [[quam]] ([[als]]), und [[zwar]] steht [[tam]] α) [[vor]] Adii. u. Advv.: [[tam]] [[esse]] [[clemens]] [[tyrannus]] [[quam]] [[rex]] [[importunus]] potest, Cic.: [[numquam]] reo cuiquam [[tam]] humili, [[tam]] [[sordido]], [[tam]] nocenti, [[tam]] [[alieno]] [[tam]] [[praecise]] negavi, [[quam]] [[hic]] [[mihi]], Cic. – Häufig ist [[tam]]... [[quam]] im Deutschen [[durch]] sowohl... [[als]] zu [[übersetzen]], [[tam]] foederatis [[quam]] infestis gentibus, Suet. – zuw. steht [[quam]]... [[tam]] [[vor]] Komparativen u. Superlativen, wo es [[durch]] je... [[desto]] [[mit]] den Komparativen zu [[übersetzen]] ist, [[quam]] [[magis]]... [[tam]] [[magis]], je [[mehr]]... [[desto]] [[mehr]], Verg.: [[quam]] [[quisque]] pessume fecit, [[tam]] [[maxime]] [[tutus]] est, je ärger es [[einer]] getrieben hat, [[desto]] sicherer ist er, Sall.: [[quam]] citissime conficies, [[tam]] [[maxime]] expedies, [[Cato]]. – β) [[vor]] Verbb.: [[tam]] [[hoc]] scit me habere [[quam]] [[egomet]], Plaut.: [[tam]] [[confido]] [[quam]] potest, Plaut.: dah. hat [[tam]] [[vor]] [[esse]] die [[Bedeutung]] [[von]] [[talis]], [[haec]] [[tam]] [[esse]] [[quam]] [[audio]], [[non]] [[puto]], Cic.: [[mox]] [[tamen]] Acrisium [[tam]] violasse deum, [[quam]] [[non]] agnosse nepotem [[paenitet]], Ov. – γ) [[vor]] Substt.: [[Corinthia]] [[aera]] accipimus [[tam]] [[aurum]] et [[argentum]] [[quam]] [[aes]] Corinthium, Quint. – Die [[Verbindung]] [[von]] [[non]] [[tam]]... [[quam]], [[nicht]] so [[sehr]]... [[als]], [[nicht]] sowohl... [[als]] [[vielmehr]], findet [[sich]] [[überall]], wo [[zwei]] Glieder [[miteinander]] verbunden [[werden]], deren zweites [[mit]] besonderem [[Nachdruck]] hervorgehoben [[werden]] soll, [[utinam]] [[non]] [[tam]] fratri pietatem [[quam]] patriae praestare voluisset, Cic.: cum flentes [[non]] [[tam]] narraret, [[quam]] ostenderet, Quint.: [[non]] [[tam]] in proeliis, [[quam]] in promissis firmior, Cic. – b) [[mit]] [[atque]] ([[als]]): [[tam]] [[consimilis]] est [[atque]] [[ego]], Plaut. – c) [[mit]] [[quasi]] ([[als]] [[wenn]]): [[tam]] pudica est, [[quasi]]... sit, Plaut. – d) [[mit]] [[qui]], [[quae]], [[quod]]: [[quis]] est [[tam]] lynceus, [[qui]] [[nihil]] offendat, Cici – e) [[mit]] ut u. Konj.: [[non]] essem [[tam]] [[inurbanus]], [[uti]] [[ego]] gravarer, Cic.: [[non]] se [[tam]] imperitum [[esse]], ut [[non]] sciret, Caes. – II) [[demonstrative]] [[Partikel]] [[ohne]] Korrelation, zur Bezeichnung eines [[vorzüglich]] hohen Grades = so, so [[sehr]], in dem Grade, u. [[zwar]]: a) [[vor]] Adii. u. Advv.: [[tam]] [[necessario]] tempore, Caes.: in corporibus [[tam]] parvis [[atque]] [[tam]] nullis, Plin.: [[quid]] tu [[tam]] [[mane]]? Cic.: [[ius]] civile [[tam]] [[vehementer]] [[amplexus]] es, Cic. – [[vor]] Deminut., [[tam]] ob parvulam rem, Ter.: [[tam]] parvulis in faucibus, Plin. – b) [[vor]] Verbb.: [[nisi]] [[meum]] gnatum [[tam]] amem, Plaut.: [[non]] [[tam]] concupivit, Vell. – c) [[vor]] Substt.: [[numquam]] [[ego]] te [[tam]] [[esse]] matulam [[credidi]], Plaut.: [[cur]] [[tam]] tempore exclamarit occisum, Cic.<br />'''(2)''' [[tam]]<sup>2</sup>, Adv. = [[tamen]] (vgl. [[Fest]]. 360, 5), Enn. fr. scen. 416. tr. 9 (329). Naev. com. 130. Titin. com. 156 u. 157. Plaut. merc. 734 R. ([[nach]] Bothes [[Vermutung]]). [[Fronto]] epist. ad Ver. 2, 1. p. 120, 7 N. Past. Herm. 2, 11 Palat. – Außerdem in [[tam]]-[[etsi]], w.s.
}}
{{nlel
|nleltext=[[πρᾶος]], [[ἅμερος]], [[ἥμερος]]
}}
{{LaZh
|lnztxt=tam. ''adv''. :: 如是。— ob parvam rem 因如是小事。— enim sum amicus reipublicae quam qui maxime 因吾可齊至愛本國之誰人。Nihil est — naturae aptum 相宜本性卽此耳。Quae — firma civitas est quae non odiis possit everti? 無固國相仇所不可壞。Utinam non — fratri pietatem quam patriae praestare voluisset 庶彼親愛其弟興親愛本鄉不同埒。
}}