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|lshtext=<b>autem</b>:<br /><b>I</b> conj. [v. aut init.], on the [[other]] [[hand]], [[but]], [[yet]], [[however]], [[nevertheless]]; [[sometimes]] an emphasized and (it is [[never]] [[found]] at the [[beginning]] of a [[clause]], [[but]] [[after]] one or [[more]] words; v. fin.; [[like]] at, it joins to a [[preceding]] [[thought]] a [[new]] one, [[either]] [[entirely]] antithetical or [[simply]] [[different]]; it differs from the restricting sed in [[like]] [[manner]] [[with]] at; v. at init., and cf.: [[Popilius]] [[imperator]] tenebat provinciam; in cujus exercitu Catonis [[filius]] [[tiro]] militabat. Cum [[autem]] Popilio videretur unam dimittere legionem, Catonis [[quoque]] filium ... dimisit. Sed cum amore pugnandi in exercitu permansisset, [[Cato]] ad Popilium scripsit, etc.], Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 B. and K. ([[most]] freq. in philos. lang.; [[rare]] in the histt., [[being]] used by Caes. [[only]] 59 times, by Sall. 23, and by Tac. 31; and [[very]] [[rare]] in the poets).<br /><b>I</b> In joining an [[entirely]] antithetical [[thought]], on the [[contrary]], [[but]] = at [[quidem]], at [[vero]], σὲ σή, esp. freq. [[with]] the pronouns ego, tu, [[ille]], qui, etc.: Ait se obligāsse [[crus]] fractum Aesculapio, Apollini [[autem]] [[bracchium]], Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 9: Nam injusta ab justis impetrari non [[decet]], Justa [[autem]] ab injustis petere insipientiast, id. Am. prol. 35: ego hic [[cesso]], [[quia]] [[ipse]] [[nihil]] [[scribo]]: [[lego]] [[autem]] libentissime, Cic. Fam. 16, 22; id. de Or. 1, 25, 115; Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 43: i [[sane]] cum [[illo]], [[Phrygia]]; tu [[autem]], [[Eleusium]], Huc [[intro]] abi ad nos, id. Aul. 2, 5, 7; id. Capt. 2, 3, 4; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 58; id. Mil. 4, 4, 13; id. Ep. 5, 2, 7; Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61: mihi ad enarrandum hoc argumentumst [[comitas]], Si ad auscultandum vostra erit [[benignitas]]. Qui [[autem]] auscultare nolit, exsurgat [[foras]], Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 3; so id. Ep. 2, 2, 95; id. Capt. 3, 4, 24: Quid tu aïs, [[Gnatho]]? Numquid habes [[quod]] contemnas? Quid tu [[autem]], [[Thraso]]? Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 22: e [[principio]] oriuntur omnia; ipsum [[autem]] nullā ex re aliā nasci potest, Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54.—<br /><b>II</b> In joining a [[thought]] [[that]] is [[simply]] [[different]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., on the [[other]] [[hand]], [[but]], [[moreover]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> Absol., as the Gr. σέ: Vehit hic clitellas, vehit hic [[autem]] [[alter]] [[senex]], Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 91: cum Speusippum, sororis filium, [[Plato]] philosophiae [[quasi]] heredem reliquisset, duo [[autem]] praestantissimos [[studio]] [[atque]] doctrinā, Xenocratem Chalcedonium et Aristotelem Stagiritem, etc., Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 17; id. Off. 1, 5, 16: Alexandrum [[consultum]], cui relinqueret [[regnum]], voluisse optimum deligi, judicatum [[autem]] ab ipso optimum Perdiccam, cui anulum tradidisset, Curt. 10, 6, 16: Atque haec in moribus. De benevolentiā [[autem]], [[quam]] etc., Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46 sq.; 1, 23, 81: Sed poëtae [[quid]] quemque deceat ex personā judicabunt; nobis [[autem]] personam imposuit [[natura]] etc., id. ib. 1, 28, 97; 1, 28, 98; 1, 43, 152: Quod [[semper]] movetur aeternum est; [[quod]] [[autem]] motum adfert alicui etc., id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53; 1, 28, 68 sq.; 1, 30, 74; 1, 36, 87.—So [[sometimes]] [[when]] one conditional [[sentence]] is opposed to [[another]], si—[[sin]] [[autem]], in Gr. ei) me/n— ei) se/ei) me/n— ei) se/>: Nam si supremus [[ille]] [[dies]] non exstinctionem, sed commutationem adfert loci, [[quid]] optabilius? Sin [[autem]] etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; 1, 49, 118 al.—In adducing an [[example]] of a [[rule]]: Et [[Demosthenes]] [[autem]] ad Aeschinem orationem in prooemio convertit, et M. [[Tullius]] etc., Quint. 4, 1, 66 Spald.; also in [[passing]] from a [[particular]] to a [[general]] [[thought]]: Et [[sane]] [[plus]] habemus [[quam]] capimus. Insatiabilis [[autem]] [[avaritia]] est etc., Curt. 8, 8, 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Preceded by [[quidem]], as in Gr. me/n—se/me/n—se/> (perh. [[most]] freq. in [[Cicero]]'s philosophical works, under the [[influence]] of Greek [[style]]): Et haec [[quidem]] hoc [[modo]]; [[nihil]] [[autem]] [[melius]] [[extremo]], Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99: Sed [[nunc]] [[quidem]] valetudini tribuamus aliquid, [[cras]] [[autem]] etc., id. ib. 1, 49, 119; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; and [[thus]] in Tac. [[several]] times, [[but]] [[only]] in Ann. and Or.: [[bene]] intellegit ceteros [[quidem]] iis niti... Marcellum [[autem]] et Crispum attulisse etc., Or. 8; 18 bis; 25; A. 3, 53; 3, 73; 4, 28.—So [[often]] in transitions from one [[subject]] to [[another]]: Ac de inferendā [[quidem]] injuriā [[satis]] [[dictum]] est. Praetermittendae [[autem]] defensionis etc., Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27 sq.; 1, 13, 41; 1, 45, 160.—So [[very]] [[often]] in Vulg. in [[direct]] [[reproduction]] of me/n—se/me/n—se/>: Ego [[quidem]] [[baptizo]] vos in aquā in paenitentiam; qui [[autem]] [[post]] me etc., Matt. 3, 11; 9, 37; 13, 23; 13, 32; 17, 11 sq.; 23, 28; 25, 33; 26, 24. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[any]] [[kind]] of [[transition]]: M. [[Antonius]] in eo [[libro]], quem unum reliquit, disertos ait se vidisse multos, eloquentem [[omnino]] neminem. Vir [[autem]] acerrimo ingenio (sic [[enim]] fuit) [[multa]] etc., Cic. Or. 5, 18: hic ([[pater]]) [[prout]] [[ipse]] amabat litteras, omnibus doctrinis, quibus [[puerilis]] [[aetas]] impertiri debet, filium erudivit: erat [[autem]] in puero [[summa]] [[suavitas]] oris, Nep. Att. 1, 2; also in questions: Quid [[autem]] magno opere Oppianicum metuebat, etc., Cic. Clu. 60, 167. Freq. [[several]] times [[repeated]]: Expetuntur [[autem]] [[divitiae]] cum ad [[usus]] vitae necessarios, tum ad perfruendas voluptates: in quibus [[autem]] major est [[animus]], in iis pecuniae [[cupiditas]] spectat ad [[opes]], etc., Cic. Off. 1, 8, 24 and 25; cf. Wopkens, Lectt. Tull. pp. 53 and 122: Orbis situm dicere adgredior... Dicam [[autem]] [[alias]] plura et exactius, Mel. prooem. 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In repeating a [[word]] from a [[previous]] [[clause]], in continuing a [[train]] of [[thought]]: admoneri me [[satis]] est: admonebit [[autem]] [[nemo]] [[alius]] [[nisi]] rei publicae [[tempus]], Cic. Pis. 38, 94: disces [[quam]] diu voles; tam diu [[autem]] velle debebis, [[quoad]] etc., id. Off. 1, 1, 2: [[nunc]] [[quod]] agitur, [[agamus]]: agitur [[autem]], liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, id. Phil. 11, 10, 24. —So esp. in [[impassioned]] [[discourse]], Plant. Mil. 3, 1, 84: humanum [[amare]] est, humanum [[autem]] ignoscere est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 48; id. Ps. 4, 8, 1: [[quot]] potiones mulsi! [[quot]] [[autem]] prandia! id. Stich. 1, 3, 68; id. Ep. 5, 2, 6: quā pulchritudine urbem, quibus [[autem]] opibus praeditam, servitute oppressam tenuit civitatem, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Like sed, [[vero]], [[igitur]], etc., in resuming a [[train]] of [[thought]] interrupted by a [[parenthesis]]: Omnino illud honestum, [[quod]] ex [[animo]] excelso magnificoque quaerimus, animi efficitur non corporis viribus: exercendum [[tamen]] [[corpus]] et ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire consilio rationique possit in exsequendis negotiis et in labore tolerando: honestum [[autem]] id, [[quod]] exquirimus, totum est positum in animi curā, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 23, 79; 1, 43, 153.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In introducing a parenthetical [[clause]] itself: quae [[autem]] nos ut [[recta]] aut recte facta dicamus, si placet ([[illi]] [[autem]] appellant κατορθώματα) omnes numeros virtutis [[continent]], Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 24: [[quod]] [[vitium]] effugere qui volet (omnes [[autem]] velle debent) adhibebit etc., id. Off. 1, 6, 18; 1, 33, 120; id. Tusc. 1, 33, 80; 1, 36, 88: In primis foedera ac leges (erant [[autem]] eae [[duodecim]] tabuiae et quaedam regiae leges) conquiri etc., Liv. 6, 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 2: ex hoc Quodcumque est ([[minus]] est [[autem]] [[quam]] rhetoris [[aera]]) Discipuli [[custos]] praemordet, Juv. 7, 217.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In enumerations, for the [[purpose]] of adding an [[important]] [[circumstance]]: [[magnus]] dicendi [[labor]], magna res, magna [[dignitas]], [[summa]] [[autem]] [[gratia]], [[but]], and [[indeed]], Cic. Mur. 13, 29: animis omnes tenduntur [[insidiae]]... vel ab eā, quae [[penitus]] in omni sensu implicata insidet, [[imitatrix]] boni, [[voluptas]], malorum [[autem]] [[mater]] omnium, [[yea]], the [[parent]] of all [[evil]], id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; id. N. D. 2, 22, 58: docet [[ratio]] mathematicorum, [[luna]] [[quantum]] absit a proxumā Mercurii stellā, [[multo]] [[autem]] longius a Veneris, id. Div. 2, 43, 91.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In the [[syllogism]], to [[introduce]] the [[minor]] [[proposition]] (the [[assumptio]] or [[propositio]] [[minor]]; cf. [[atque]], IV. 9., and [[atqui]], II. D.), [[now]], [[but]]; [[but]] [[now]]: Aut hoc, aut illud: hoc [[autem]] non, [[igitur]] illud. Itemque: aut hoc, aut illud: non [[autem]] hoc: illud [[igitur]], Cic. Top. 14, 56: Si [[lucet]], [[lucet]]: [[lucet]] [[autem]], [[lucet]] [[igitur]], id. Ac. 2, 30, 96: Si [[dicis]] te mentiri verumque [[dicis]], mentiris: [[dicis]] [[autem]] te mentiri verumque [[dicis]]: mentiris [[igitur]], id. ib.; id. Top. 2, 9; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>7</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Like the Gr. σέ or σή in adding an [[emphatic]] [[question]] (freq. in the [[comic]] poets), [[but]], [[indeed]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> In gen.: Quem te [[autem]] deum nominem? Plaut. As. 3, 3, 126: Perii: [[quid]] hoc autemst mali? Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5: Quī [[istuc]]? Quae res te sollicitat [[autem]]? id. Heaut. 2, 3, 10: Quae [[autem]] divina? Vigere, sapere, invenire, meminisse, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: Quo [[modo]] [[autem]] moveri [[animus]] ad appetendum potest, si id, [[quod]] videtur, non percipitur? πῶς σή, id. Ac. 2, 8, 25: Quo [[modo]] [[autem]] [[tibi]] placebit JOVEM LAPIDEM jurare, cum scias etc., id. Fam. 7, 12, 2: Veni ad Caesarem: [[quis]] est [[autem]] [[Caesar]]? Flor. 3, 10, 11.—So in exclamations: Quantā delectatione [[autem]] adficerer, cum etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 98.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> In questions implying [[rebuke]], [[reproach]]: Ba. Metuo credere. Ps. Credere [[autem]]? eho, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 70: Th. Ego non tangam meam? Ch. Tuam [[autem]], [[furcifer]]? yours do [[you]] [[say]]? yours [[indeed]]! Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> In a [[question]] [[where]] a [[correction]] is made: Num [[quis]] [[testis]] Postumum appellavit? [[testis]] [[autem]]? ([[witness]] did I [[say]]?) num [[accusator]]? Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 10: Alio me vocat numerosa [[gloria]] tua: [[alio]] [[autem]]? [[quasi]] [[vero]] etc., Plin. [[Pan]]. 28: Quid [[tandem]] [[isti]] mali in tam tenerā insulā non fecissent? non fecissent [[autem]]? imo [[quid]] [[ante]] adventum [[meum]] non fecerunt? Cic. Att. 6, 2; 5, 13; 7, 1: Adimas [[etiam]] Hispanias? Et si [[inde]] cessero, in Africam transcendes. Transcendes [[autem]] [[dico]]? Liv. 21, 44, 7 Weissenb.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>8</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; And in questions sed [[autem]] are [[sometimes]] [[both]] used, [[especially]] by the [[comic]] poets, [[but]] [[indeed]], [[but]] [[now]], [[like]] the Gr. a)lla/—se/ ()*alla\ pou= se\ bou/lei kaqezo/menoi a)nagnw=[[mena]])lla/—se/ ()*alla\ pou= se\ bou/lei kaqezo/menoi a)nagnw=men>; Plat. Phaedr. 228 E.): Sed [[autem]] [[quid]] si hanc [[hinc]] apstulerit [[quispiam]] Sacram urnam Veneris? Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 15; and separated: Sed [[quid]] haec hic [[autem]] tam diu [[ante]] aedīs stetit? id. Truc. 2, 3, 14: Attat Phaedriae Pater venit. Sed [[quid]] pertimui [[autem]], [[belua]]? Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 11: Sed [[quid]] ego haec [[autem]] [[nequiquam]] ingrata [[revolvo]]? * Verg. A. 2, 101.—Once ast [[autem]]: ast [[autem]] tenui quae candent lumine [[Phatnae]], Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1170 P. (IV. 2, p. 555 Orell.).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>9</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With interjections: Heia [[autem]] inimicos! Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 20: Ecce [[autem]] [[litigium]], [[but]] lo! id. Men. 5, 2, 34; so id. Curc. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 2, 1, 35; id. Mil. 2, 2, 48; id. Most. 3, 1, 131; 3, 1, 146: Ecce [[autem]] alterum, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 6 Ruhnk.: Ecce [[autem]] [[subitum]] [[divortium]], Cic. Clu. 5, 14; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; id. Leg. 1, 2, 5; id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; id. Or. 9, 30: Ecce [[autem]] aliud [[minus]] dubium, Liv. 7, 35, 10: Eccere [[autem]] capite nutat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 52; so id. Pers. 2, 4, 29: eccui [[autem]] non proditur [revertenti]? Cic. Mur. 33, 68.!*? In [[good]] [[prose]] writers [[autem]] is usu. placed [[after]] the [[first]] [[word]] of a [[clause]]; [[but]] if [[several]] words, a subst. and prep., the [[verb]] esse [[with]] the [[predicate]], a [[word]] [[with]] a [[negative]], etc., [[together]] form one [[idea]], [[then]] [[autem]] stands [[after]] the [[second]] or [[third]] [[word]]. But the poets, [[especially]] the [[comic]] poets, [[allow]] [[themselves]] greater [[liberty]], and [[sometimes]] [[place]] this [[particle]], [[without]] [[any]] [[necessity]] in the [[nature]] of the [[clause]], in the [[third]], [[fourth]], or [[fifth]] [[place]]; [[but]] [[autem]] is [[never]] [[found]] in [[good]] writers at the [[beginning]] of a [[clause]] or [[sentence]]; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 39. See [[more]] [[upon]] this [[word]] in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 558-588.
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