View source for bonum

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=bonum boni N N :: good, good thing, profit, advantage; goods (pl.), possessions, wealth, estate
}}
{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>bŏnum</b>: i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. [[infra]]); of things in gen.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonum, or plur. bona, a [[good]], or [[goods]] in a [[moral]] and [[metaphysical]] [[sense]], a [[moral]] [[good]], a [[blessing]]: sunt [[autem]] hae de finibus defensae sententiae: [[nihil]] [[bonum]] [[nisi]] honestum, ut Stoici; [[nihil]] [[bonum]] [[nisi]] voluptatem, ut [[Epicurus]]; [[nihil]] [[bonum]] [[nisi]] vacuitatem doloris, ut [[Hieronymus]]... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.: [[quid]] est [[igitur]] [[bonum]]? Si [[quid]] recte [[fit]] et [[honeste]] et cum virtute, id [[bene]] fieri [[vere]] dicitur, et [[quod]] rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id [[solum]] [[opinor]] [[bonum]], id. Par. 1, 1, 9: ut [[quis]] intellegat, [[quid]] [[sit]] illud [[simplex]] et [[verum]] [[bonum]] [[quod]] non possit ab honestate sejungi, id. Ac. 1, 2, 7: non-est [[igitur]] [[voluptas]] [[bonum]], id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: [[finis]] bonorum et malorum ([[τέλος]] ἀγαθῶν) = [[summa]] bona et [[mala]]: sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, [[officium]] omne pervertant. Nam qui summum [[bonum]] sic instituit ut, etc., id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonum, [[what]] is [[valuable]], [[beneficial]], [[estimable]], favorable, [[pleasant]], [[physically]] or mentally: [[quoi]] boni Tantum adfero [[quantum]] ipsus a diis optat, Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9: [[multa]] bona [[vobis]] [[volt]] facere, [[will]] do [[you]] [[much]] [[good]], id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32: tum [[demum]] nostra intellegemus bona [[quom]] ea amisimus, id. Capt. 1, 2, 33: [[multa]] [[tibi]] di [[dent]] bona, id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47: omnia [[Bona]] dicere, to [[speak]] in the [[highest]] terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70: sed ne [[vivus]] [[quidem]] bono caret, si eo non indiget, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88: cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, [[eadem]] Stoicis commoda viderentur, id. ib. 5, 41, 120: [[nihil]] [[enim]] boni nosti, [[nothing]] [[that]] is [[good]] for [[any]] [[thing]], id. Phil. 2, 7, 16: [[mala]] pro bonis legere [[dementia]] est, Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73: [[quia]] [[bonum]] [[sit]] valere, a [[good]] [[thing]], Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. [[infra]]): [[melius]]: quo [[quidem]] [[haud]] [[scio]] an... quidquam [[melius]] [[sit]] homini a dis immortalibus datum, id. Lael. 6, 20: meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse, id. Or. 1, 10, 43: optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi, id. ib. 11, 36.— [[Here]] belongs the [[phrase]] boni consulere; v. [[consulo]].—So [[after]] prepositions: in [[bonum]] vertere, v. under [[verto]]: in [[melius]] [[ire]], to [[change]] for the [[better]], Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the [[same]] [[sense]]: in [[melius]] aliquid referre, or reflectere ([[poet]].), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632: ad [[melius]] transcurrere, to [[pass]] [[over]] to [[something]] [[better]], Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonum or bona, [[prosperity]]: [[fortiter]] [[malum]] qui patitur, [[idem]] [[post]] patitur [[bonum]], Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58: nulli est homini perpetuum [[bonum]], id. Curc. 1, 3, 33: unā [[tecum]] bona, [[mala]] tolerabimus, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23: quibus in bonis fuerint et [[nunc]] quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus), Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Good qualities, gifts: omnia adsunt bona, quem [[penes]]'st [[virtus]], Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30: magnis [[illi]] et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: [[nisi]] qui se suā [[gravitate]] et castimoniā... tum [[etiam]] naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc., id. Cael. 5, 11: hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum [[atque]] ornatum [[puto]], id. ib. 17, 39: non [[intellego]] [[quod]] [[bonum]] cuiquam [[sit]] [[apud]] tales viros profuturum, id. Balb. 28, 63: gaude [[isto]] tuo tam excellenti bono, id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Advantage, [[benefit]]: si [[plus]] adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, [[quam]] addubitatā mali, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83: [[saepe]] cogitavi bonine an mali [[plus]] adtulerit... eloquentiae [[studium]], id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24: maximum [[bonum]] in celeritate ponebat, Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono [[publico]] (abl.), for the [[public]] [[good]]: hoc ita si [[fit]], [[publico]] fiat bono, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With aequum, [[what]] is [[fair]] and [[good]], the [[fair]] ([[thing]]), [[fairness]], [[equity]]: si [[bonum]] aequomque oras, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11: si tu [[aliquam]] partem aequi bonique dixeris, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39: a quo [[vivo]] nec [[praesens]] nec [[absens]] quidquam aequi bonique impetravit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, [[aequo]] et bono, or ex [[aequo]] et bono, in ([[with]]) [[fairness]], in [[equity]], Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of [[value]], [[with]] facere: [[istuc]], Chreme, [[Aequi]] bonique [[facio]], I [[place]] a [[fair]] and [[proper]] [[value]] on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>7</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Bona]], one's [[property]], fortunes, [[almost]] [[always]] denoting the [[whole]] of one's possessions.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> In gen.: paterna [[oportet]] reddi filio bona, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120: bona sua med habiturum omnia, id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4: bona mea diripiebantur [[atque]] ad consulem deferebantur, Cic. Sest. 24, 54: cum de capite, [[civis]] et de bonis [[proscriptio]] ferretur, id. ib. 30, 65: bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium, id. Caecin. 13, 38: at mulctantur bonis exsules, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Bonorum [[possessio]], the [[possession]] of one's [[property]] by [[another]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonorum [[possessio]] in [[consequence]] of bonorum [[cessio]], i. e. an [[assignment]] of one's [[property]] for the [[benefit]] of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonorum [[possessio]] granted by the prætor [[against]] a [[contumacious]] or [[insolvent]] [[debtor]] (in bona mittere, in bona [[ire]] jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4: postulat a Burrieno [[Naevius]] ut ex [[edicto]] bona possidere liceat, Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the [[whole]] of c. 8: edixit ... neu [[quis]] militis... bona possideret aut venderet, Liv. 2, 24, 6: bona proscribere, to [[offer]] the [[property]] [[thus]] transferred for [[sale]], Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Chiefly referring to the [[property]] of a [[defunct]] [[person]] ([[hereditas]]), [[where]] the prætor, [[till]] the [[heir]] had proved his [[right]], granted a bonorum [[possessio]] [[secundum]] tabulas or [[contra]] tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> In bonis esse; [[with]] [[reference]] to the [[older]] [[civil]] [[law]], [[which]] [[distinguished]] [[between]] [[civil]] [[property]] (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and [[natural]] [[property]] (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est), Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10: [[neque]] bonorum possessorum, [[neque]]... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur, ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam [[omnino]] arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est [[hodie]] in bonis, i. e. the bonorum [[possessio]] has been granted to him, [[which]] did not [[give]] [[full]] ownership, [[but]] effected [[only]] [[that]] the [[hereditas]] [[was]] in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.<br /><b>III</b> Predicative [[use]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> With nouns or pronouns as subjects.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonum esse, to be [[morally]] [[good]], [[honest]]: [[nunc]] mihi bonae [[necessum]] est esse [[ingratiis]], Quamquam esse [[nolo]], Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82: bonam ego [[quam]] beatam me esse [[nimio]] dici [[mavolo]], id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29: [[itaque]] viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1: [[Cato]] esse [[quam]] videri [[bonus]] malebat, Sall. C. 54, 5: ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia, Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To be [[beneficial]], [[prosperous]], [[advantageous]], [[valuable]], favorable, [[serviceable]], [[correct]], [[with]] [[reference]] to [[both]] persons and things as subjects, and in [[regard]] to [[physical]] and [[mental]] relations: jam [[istuc]] non bonumst, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; [[Cato]], R. R. 157: [[oleum]] viridius et [[melius]] fiet, id. ib. 3: [[vinum]] ut alvum bonam faciat, to [[correct]] the [[bowels]], id. ib. 156: [[quid]] est homini [[salute]] [[melius]]? Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127: non optuma haec sunt, [[verum]] meliora [[quam]] deterruma, id. Trin. 2, 3, 1: [[quid]] est [[quod]] huc possit [[quod]] [[melius]] [[sit]] accedere? Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99: in quo (vestitu), [[sicut]] in plerisque rebus, [[mediocritas]] optima est, id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36: meliorem [[tamen]] militem... in futura proelia id [[certamen]] fecit, Liv. 2, 51, 3: [[parvus]] ut est cygni [[melior]] [[canor]], [[ille]] gruum [[quam]] Clamor, Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191: si meliora [[dies]], ut vina, poemata reddit, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative [[formula]]: [[quod]] [[bonum]], faustum, felixque [[sit]], Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54; 3, 34.—Also, [[quod]] [[bonum]] [[atque]] fortunatum mihi [[sit]], Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50; and [[with]] a [[noun]] as [[subject]]: ut nobis haec [[habitatio]] [[Bona]], fausta, [[felix]], fortunataque evenat, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To be [[kind]]: [[bonus]] cum probis'st ([[erus]]), [[malus]] cum malis, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22: hic si vellet [[bonus]] ac [[benignus]] Esse, Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[reference]] to the gods: [[ecastor]] ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129: Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse), Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Impers.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Bonum est ([[very]] [[rare]] for the [[class]]. [[bene]] est; v. [[bene]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Without a [[subject]]: [[bonum]] [[sit]]! [[may]] it be [[fortunate]], favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[subject]] inf.: nam et [[stulte]] facere, et [[stulte]] fabularier in aetate [[haud]] [[bonum]] est, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61: [[bonum]] est [[pauxillum]] [[amare]], [[insane]] non [[bonum]] est, id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Melius]] est.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[subject]] inf.: [[melius]] sanam est mentem sumere, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51: [[nihil]] sentire est [[melius]] [[quam]] tam prava sentire, Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so, [[melius]] fuit, fuisset, or fuerat, it would [[have]] been [[better]], id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94: [[proinde]] quiesse erit [[melius]], Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[subject]] inf.-[[clause]]: meliu'st te quae sunt mandata [[tibi]] praevortier, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With ut-[[clause]]: [[quid]] [[melius]] [[quam]] ut [[hinc]] [[intro]] abeam et me suspendam [[clanculum]], Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With subjectclause in the subjunctive: [[nunc]] [[quid]] mihi meliu'st [[quam]] [[ilico]] hic opperiar erum, Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Optimum est.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[subject]] inf.: optimum [[visum]] est, captivos [[quam]] [[primum]] deportare, Liv. 23, 34, 8: si [[quis]] dicit optimum esse navigare, Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would [[have]] been [[better]], and optimum erat, it would be [[better]], Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With inf.-[[clause]]: constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti, Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum [[visum]] est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With ut and subj: hoc [[vero]] optimum, ut is qui, etc., id [[ultimum]] bonorum, id ipsum [[quid]] et quale [[sit]] nesciat, Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[quod]]: [[illa]] [[vero]] optima (sunt) [[quod]] cum [[Haluntium]] venisset Archagathum vocari jussit, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51: optimum [[vero]] (est) [[quod]] dictaturae [[nomen]] in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti, id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—（ε) With [[second]] [[sup]]., in the [[phrase]] optumum factu est ([[where]] factu is [[redundant]]): sed hoc mihi optumum factu [[arbitror]], Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16: optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere, Caes. B. G. 4, 30: optumum factu credens exercitum augere, Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, [[factum]]); 57, 5 (Kritz, [[factum]]).<br /> Ellipt. [[use]]: di meliora, i. e. [[dent]] or velint, i. e. [[let]] the gods [[grant]] [[better]] things [[than]] [[what]] [[you]] [[say]], etc.; God [[forbid]]! in [[full]]: di [[melius]] duint, Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16: di meliora velint! Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.: di meliora! inquit, Cic. Sen. 14, 47: id ubi [[mulier]] audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc., Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513; [[similarly]], di [[melius]], i. e. fecerunt, Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.<br /> With [[object]] expressed,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; By dat.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = [[good]], [[useful]], [[beneficial]] for: ambula, id lieni optumum est, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25: [[quia]] [[vobis]] [[eadem]] quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi, Sall. C. 20, 3: bona [[bello]] [[Cornus]], jaculis, etc., Verg. G. 2, 447.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = [[benignus]] or [[propitius]], [[kind]] to: vicinis [[bonus]] esto, [[Cato]], R. R. 4: [[bene]] merenti [[mala]] es, [[male]] merenti bona es, Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3: vos o mihi [[Manes]], Este boni, Verg. A. 12, 647.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = [[idoneus]], [[fit]] for, adapted to: qui [[locus]] vino [[optimus]] dicetur esse, [[Cato]], R. R. 6: tum erit ei rei optumum [[tempus]], id. ib. 26: [[terra]] cui putre [[solum]], Optima frumentis, Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[sum]] and dat., in the [[phrase]] alicui bono est, it is of [[service]] to one, profits him: accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat, Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, [[with]] rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose [[advantage]] it is: [[quod]] si [[quis]] usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc., Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35: cui bono fuisset, id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf. ellipt. form cui bono? Prisc. p. 1208 P.—（ε) With dat. gerund: [[ager]] [[oleto]] conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis [[bonus]] [[nullus]] erit, [[Cato]], R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24: ([[mons]]) [[quia]] pecori [[bonus]] alendo erat, Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; By ad and acc.: [[refert]] et ad [[quam]] rem bona aut non bona [[sit]], Varr. R. R. 1, 91: [[occasio]] quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an [[alia]] [[melior]], Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7: non campos [[modo]] militi Romano ad [[proelium]] bonos, etc., Tac. A. 2, 14.<br /><b>bŏnum</b>: i, n., v. [[bonus]], I. 5. and II. A. 5.
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>bŏnum</b>,⁵ ī, n. (n. de [[bonus]] pris subst<sup>t</sup>, v. [[bona]]), [en gén.] bien : [[summum]] [[bonum]] Cic. de Or. 1, 222, le souverain bien ; [[quia]], [[nisi]] [[quod]] [[honestum]] [[est]], nullum [[est]] aliud [[bonum]] Cic. Fin. 5, 79, parce qu’il n’y a pas d’autre bien que l’honnête ; Curtium castigasse ferunt dubitantes, an ullum [[magis]] Romanum [[bonum]] [[quam]] [[arma]] virtusque esset Liv. 7, 6, 3, [[Curtius]], dit-on, leur reprocha de se demander (dans le doute), s’il n’y avait pas quelque bien [[plus]] romain que les armes et le courage (= de n’avoir pas l’assurance que le bien des Romains par excellence, c’était les armes et le courage) ; [[non]] [[tantum]] [[bonum]] [[non]] sunt divitiæ, [[sed]] [[malum]] sunt Sen. Ep. 87, 29, [[non]] seulement les richesses ne sont pas un bien, mais elles sont un mal &#124;&#124; [[bonum]] [[est]] valere Cic. Fin. 4, 62, c’[[est]] un bien que la santé &#124;&#124; utemur bono litterarum Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 3, nous userons de l’avantage qu’offre la correspondance &#124;&#124; [[bonum]] [[publicum]], le bien public, le bien de l’État : Sall. C. 38, 3 ; J. 25, 3 ; Liv. 9, 38, 11 ; 28, 41, 1, etc. &#124;&#124; [[boni]] [[aliquid]] adtulimus juventuti Cic. Br. 123, j’ai apporté quelques avantages (j’ai rendu qq. service) à la jeunesse &#124;&#124; [[hoc]] [[vitium]] [[huic]] [[uni]] in [[bonum]] convertebat Cic. Br. 141, ce défaut pour lui seul devenait un avantage (une qualité) ; in [[bonum]] vertere Cæs. C. 3, 73, 6, tourner à bien, cf. Liv. 2, 31, 6 ; 10, 49, 7 ; 42, 20, 4 &#124;&#124; [[res]] alicui bono [[est]] Liv. 7, 12, 4, une chose [[est]] avantageuse pour qqn ; iis patrem [[occidi]] bono fuit Cic. Amer. 13, ils ont profité du meurtre du père ; [d’où l’expr. jurid.] [[cui]] bono fuit ? Cic. Mil. 32, etc., à qui le crime a-t-il profité ?||[[bonum]] [[est]] valere Cic. Fin. 4, 62, c’[[est]] un bien que la santé||utemur bono litterarum Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 3, nous userons de l’avantage qu’offre la correspondance||[[bonum]] [[publicum]], le bien public, le bien de l’État : Sall. C. 38, 3 ; J. 25, 3 ; Liv. 9, 38, 11 ; 28, 41, 1, etc.||[[boni]] [[aliquid]] adtulimus juventuti Cic. Br. 123, j’ai apporté quelques avantages (j’ai rendu qq. service) à la jeunesse||[[hoc]] [[vitium]] [[huic]] [[uni]] in [[bonum]] convertebat Cic. Br. 141, ce défaut pour lui seul devenait un avantage (une qualité) ; in [[bonum]] vertere Cæs. C. 3, 73, 6, tourner à bien, cf. Liv. 2, 31, 6 ; 10, 49, 7 ; 42, 20, 4||[[res]] alicui bono [[est]] Liv. 7, 12, 4, une chose [[est]] avantageuse pour qqn ; iis patrem [[occidi]] bono fuit Cic. Amer. 13, ils ont profité du meurtre du père ; [d’où l’expr. jurid.] [[cui]] bono fuit ? Cic. Mil. 32, etc., à qui le crime a-t-il profité ?
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{{Georges
|georg=bonum, ī, n., s. [[bonus]] S. 852.
}}
{{LaZh
|lnztxt=bonum, i. n. :: 好事。善。美好。Boni consulere 歸好意。忍受。
}}
{{trml
|trtx====[[possession]]===
Arabic: مُمْتَلَك‎; Armenian: գույք, սեփականություն; Belarusian: маёмасць, маёмасьць, скарб; Bulgarian: имущество, собственост; Burmese: ဥစ္စာ; Catalan: possessió, propietat; Chinese Mandarin: 所有物, 財產, 财产; Czech: majetek; Dutch: [[bezitting]]; Esperanto: posedaĵo; Finnish: omaisuus; French: [[bien]]; Galician: posesión; Georgian: ქონა; German: [[Gut]]; Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐍃, 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍃; Greek: [[περιουσιακό στοιχείο]], [[απόκτημα]], [[κτήμα]], [[περιουσία]]; Ancient Greek: [[κτῆμα]], [[κτέαρ]]; Hungarian: birtok, tulajdon, vagyon, javak; Irish: sealúchas; Japanese: 保有物, 所有物; Khmer: កម្មសិទ្ធិ; Korean: 소유물; Latin: [[bonum]]; Macedonian: сопственост; Middle English: warisoun; Navajo: inchxǫ́ʼí, yódí; Norwegian Bokmål: eiendom; Old English: ǣht, āgenung; Polish: dobytek, własność, majątek; Portuguese: [[possessão]], [[posse]]; Romanian: posesie, proprietate; Russian: [[имущество]], [[собственность]], [[добро]], [[скарб]]; Slovak: majetok; Spanish: [[posesión]]; Swedish: ägodel, egendom; Thai: ครอบครอง; Tocharian B: waipecce; Ukrainian: майно, має́тність, скарб, худоба
}}