Ζεύς: Difference between revisions

Ζεύς (view source)

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 {{elnl
 |elnltext=Ζεύς Διός, ὁ, meestal sing. Ζεύς, gen. Διός, dat. Διί of Δί, acc. Δία of Δί ’, vocat. Ζεῦ, poët. nom. Ζήν, gen. Ζηνός, dat. Ζηνί, acc. Ζῆνα of Ζῆν’ of Ζῆν; Dor. nom. Ζάν, gen. Ζανός, dat. Ζανί, acc. Ζᾶνα Zeus:; Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο van Zeus de wolkenverzamelaar Il. 5.736; Ζῆν ’ ὕπατον Κρονίδην Zeus, de verheven zoon van Kronos Il. 5.756; soms ook gebruikt als het om het domein van een andere godheid gaat; Ζεύς... καταχθόνιος de onderaardse Zeus Il. 9.457; van een mens. Ξέρξης ὁ τῶν Περσῶν Ζεὺς Xerxes, de Zeus van de Perzen Gorg. B 5a. astr. naam van een planeet Jupiter.
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+{{etym
+|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Other forms: Boeot. Lac. etc. <b class="b3">Δεύς</b>, voc. <b class="b3">Ζεῦ</b>, gen. <b class="b3">Δι(Ϝ)ός</b>, dat. (loc.) <b class="b3">Δι(Ϝ)ί</b>, dat. also <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί</b> (e. g. <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί-φιλος</b>; ), acc. <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b>, since Hom. also <b class="b3">Δί-α</b>, <b class="b3">Ζῆν-α</b> with <b class="b3">Ζην-ός</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>; nom. <b class="b3">Ζήν</b> (A. Supp. 162 [lyr.]; or voc.?), <b class="b3">Ζάν</b> (Pythag., Ar.), <b class="b3">Ζάς</b> (Pherec. Syr.), gen. <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> (inscr. Chios IVa [? ] a. o.); note <b class="b3">Δᾶν</b> (Theocr. 4, 17); more forms in Schwyzer 576f., Leumann Hom. Wörter 288ff. and the dict.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. dat. <b class="b2">diwe \/diwei\/</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member in univerbations like <b class="b3">Διόσ-κουροι</b> (gen.; also <b class="b3">Διεσ-κουρίδου</b> [Priene a. o.]), <b class="b3">ΔιϜεί-φιλος</b> (dat.), stemform e. g. in <b class="b3">διο-γενής</b>; also <b class="b3">Ζηνό-δοτος</b> (for <b class="b3">Διόσ-δοτος</b>) a. o.; as 2. member in [[ἔνδιος]], [[εὑδία]], s. vv.; cf. also [[αὑτόδιον]].<br />Derivatives: [[δῖος]], s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [184] <b class="b2">*dieu-</b> [[Zeus]]<br />Etymology: Ols name of heaven, of the god of heaven, of the day, preserved esp. in Sanskrit, Greek and Italic, and prob. in Hittite, with several related forms: <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">dyáuḥ</b> <b class="b2">(god of) heaven, day</b>, Lat. [[Iovis]] and pob. in <b class="b2">nu-diūs tertius</b> <b class="b2">(it is) now the third day</b>, i. e. <b class="b2">the day before yesterday</b>, IE <b class="b2">*d(i)i̯ēus</b>; also Hitt. <b class="b2">*šiuš</b>, <b class="b2">šiun(i</b>)- [[god]]; <b class="b3">Ζεῦ πάτερ</b> = Lat. [[Iūpiter]], <b class="b3">Ζῆν</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">dyā́m</b>, Lat. [[diem]] (with new nom. [[diēs]], [[Diēspiter]]; cf. also Illyr. <b class="b3">Δειπάτυρος</b>); the other oblique cases, <b class="b3">ΔιϜ-ός</b>, <b class="b3">-εί</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>, <b class="b3">Δία</b> agree with Skt. <b class="b2">diváḥ</b>, <b class="b2">divé</b>, <b class="b2">diví</b>, <b class="b2">dívam</b> (partly parallell innovations). New in Greek are <b class="b3">Ζῆν-α</b> (after <b class="b3">Δί-α</b>) with <b class="b3">Ζηνός</b>, <b class="b3">-ί</b>, which contains the old acc. <b class="b2">*Di̯e(u)m</b> with early loss of the <b class="b2">u̯</b> seen also in Skt. [[Dyam]]; not to IE <b class="b2">*din-</b> [[day]] in Lat. <b class="b2">nun-dinae</b> <b class="b2">market-day</b>, Skt. <b class="b2">madhyán-dinam</b> [[midday]] a. o. (after Kretschmer Glotta 14, 303f. also <b class="b3">Τιν-δαρίδαι</b> and 30, 93ff). - The <b class="b3">α</b> in <b class="b3">Ζάς</b>, <b class="b3">Ζάν</b>, <b class="b3">Ζανός</b> was spread from Elean Olympia, where <b class="b3">η</b> became <b class="b3">α</b>, s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 288ff. (after Kretschmer Glotta 17, 197) and Fraenkel Gnomon 23, 373. - It is generally assumed that IE <b class="b2">*d(i)i̯ēus</b> is an agent noon of the verb seen in Skt. <b class="b2">dī́-de-ti</b> [[shine]], gr. [[δέατο]] (s. v.) meaning [[shine]], [[glow]], [[light]]; <b class="b2">*d(i)i̯ēus</b> prop. "the shining, gleaming". Objections in Wackernagel BerlAkSb. 1918, 396ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 315ff.), Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 391. Beside <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> etc. there is an old appellative for [[god]] in Skt. <b class="b2">deváḥ</b> = Lat. [[deus]] = Lith. <b class="b2">diẽvas</b> a. o., IE <b class="b2">*deiu̯os</b>; prop. "the heavenly, caelestis" as deriv. from the noun for [[heaven]]. - Except Bq see W.-Hofmann s. [[diēs]], Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">diẽvas</b>, Wackernagel-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 3, 219ff., Mayrhofer EWAia. s. <b class="b2">dyáuh</b>, Benveniste Origines 59f, 166. (Cf. also <b class="b3">Τινδαρίδαι</b>).
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