θώραξ: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[cuirass]] (Il.), [[trunk]], [[chest]] (Hp.).<br />Other forms: Ion. <b class="b3">θώρηξ</b>, hyper-Aeol. pl. <b class="b3">θόρρακες</b> (Alc.),<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. <b class="b2">to-ra-ke</b> n.pl.<br />Compounds: compp., e. g. <b class="b3">θωρακο-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">wearing a cuirass</b>, <b class="b3">χαλκεο-θώρηξ</b> <b class="b2">with bronze cuirass</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">θωρακεῖον</b> (A., inscr.), <b class="b3">θωράκιον</b> (Plb.) [[breastwork]], [[parapet]]; <b class="b3">θωρηκτής</b> <b class="b2">soldier with cuirass</b> (Il.; on the formation Trümpy [s. below] Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 14, 232 n. 8), <b class="b3">θωρακίτης</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Plb.); <b class="b3">θωρακικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the trunk</b> (Aët.), <b class="b3">θωρακαῖος</b> <b class="b2">with cuirass (?)</b> (Delos IIa). Denomin. verbs: 1. <b class="b3">θωρήσσομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ω</b> <b class="b2">put on a cuirass, armour yourself</b> (Il.), also metaph. <b class="b2">strengthen onseself (with wine, οἴνῳ, etc.)</b> (Hp., Thgn.) with <b class="b3">θώρηξις</b> <b class="b2">drinking to intoxication</b> (medic.). 2. <b class="b3">θωρακίζω</b> [[armour]] (Th., X.) with <b class="b3">θωρακισμός</b> (LXX).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Technical word without etymology, probably a loan. Earlier as inherited connected with Skt. <b class="b2">dhāraka-</b> [[container]] (cf. on <b class="b3">θρᾶνος</b>, <b class="b3">θρόνος</b>), but also as LW [loanword] compared with Lat. [[lōrīca]]. The meaning <b class="b2">trunk etc.</b> is prob. as medical term secondary against [[cuirass]], [[armour]]. - Ample treatment by Trümpy Fachausdrücke 10ff. Also Hester, Lingua 13 (1965) 354. - Most prob. a Pre-Greek word; Fur. 302 n. 35 points to a v.l. <b class="b3">θύραξ</b>, which would prove Pre-Greek origin (Fur. gives more examples of <b class="b3">ω</b>\/<b class="b3">υ</b>; I think that Pre-Gr. [[u]] often was rendered by <b class="b3">ω</b>, as it did not have a phoneme <b class="b3">ω</b>, nor <b class="b3">ο</b>); the suffix <b class="b3">-ακ-</b> is very frequent in Pre-Greek.

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