στυφελίζω: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to strike hard, to dash, to beat, to drive away, to maltreat</b> (ep. lyr. Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">-λίξαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Also w. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">μετα-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">στυφελιγμοί</b> (v. l. <b class="b3">-σμοί</b>) m. pl. [[maltreatment]] (A. Eq. 537 [anap.]). -- Besides <b class="b3">στυφελός</b> [[hard]], [[raw]], [[stony]], [[severe]] (A. in lyr., A. R., Opp., AP; also Arcad. Cyren. after sch. A. R. 2, 1005; cf. Leumann Hom. Wörter 269 f.), second. [[astringent]], [[bitter]] (AP; after <b class="b3">στύφω</b>); <b class="b3">κατα-</b> στυφελίζω [[raw]], [[stony]] (h. Merc., Hes.), <b class="b3">ἀ-</b> στυφελίζω <b class="b2">not hard, friendly, smooth</b> (Thgn., AP); enlarged <b class="b3">στυφελώδης</b> [[hard]] (Q.S.); also <b class="b3">στύφλος</b> (on the accent below) [[raw]], [[stony]] (trag., Lyc.; <b class="b3">κατά-</b> στυφελίζω H.), <b class="b3">-άριος</b> (Hyettos IIIp; PN?). At first sight ep. <b class="b3">στυφελίζω</b> seems a derivation of the later attested <b class="b3">στυφελός</b>. Apart from the chronology of the attestations, in that way the meaning of the verb (prop. *`to be, make hard or severe'?) becomes hard to understand. For <b class="b3">στυφελίζω</b> one could consider <b class="b3">ἐλελίζω</b> as example (Schmoll Die Verba auf <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> [Diss. Tübingen 1955] 182), after it <b class="b3">στυφελός</b> for <b class="b3">στύφλος</b> (Leumann l. c.)? The barytonesis of <b class="b3">στύφλος</b> is remarkable (cf. however <b class="b3">φαῦλος</b>, <b class="b3">μάχλος</b>, <b class="b3">κτίλος</b> a.o.), but must be considered more probale as lectio difficilior then the less well attested oxytonesis.<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Not well explained. The in spite of the deviating vowel quantity (cf. <b class="b3">τύφω</b> : <b class="b3">τυφλός</b>) obvious connection with <b class="b3">στύφω</b> is for <b class="b3">στύφλος</b>, <b class="b3">στυφελός</b> not hard to motivate ('drawing together, -drawn, contract' > <b class="b2">solid, hard etc.</b>; e.g. Persson Stud. 193), but is for <b class="b3">στυφελίζω</b> not immediately convincing. So the last rather to <b class="b3">τύπτω</b> (Curtius 227 etc.)? -- Extensive on <b class="b3">στυφελίζω</b> Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 84 ff.

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