αἰδώς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=όος, contr. οῦς<b class="b3">, η</b> (late nom. pl. <b class="b3">αἰδοί</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>386</span>), as a moral feeling, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">reverence, awe, respect</b> for the feeling or opinion of others or for one's own conscience, and so <b class="b2">shame, self-respect</b> (in full ἑαυτοῦ αἰδώς <span class="bibl">Hierocl.<span class="title">in CA</span>9p.433M.</span>), <b class="b2">sense of honour</b>, αἰδῶ θέσθ' ἐνὶ θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.15.561</span>; <b class="b3">ἴσχε γὰρ αἰ. καὶ δέος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">657</span>, cf. Sapph.28, <span class="bibl">Democr. 179</span>, etc.; αἰ. σωφροσύνης πλεῖστον μετέχει, αἰσχύνης δὲ εὐψυχία <span class="bibl">Th. 1.84</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>911</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1108a32</span>, etc.; αἰδοῖ μειλιχίῃ <span class="bibl">Od.8.172</span>; so ἀλλά με κωλύει αἴδως <span class="bibl">Alc.55</span> (Sapphus est versus); ἅμα κιθῶνι ἐκδυομένῳ συνεκδύεται καὶ τὴν αἰδῶ γυνή <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.8</span>; <b class="b3">δακρύων πένθιμον αἰδῶ</b> tears of grief and [[shame]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>579</span>; αἰ. τίς μ' ἔχει <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Sph.</span>217d</span>; αἰ. καὶ δίκη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>322c</span>; αἰδοῦς ἐμπίπλασθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.4</span>; [[sobriety]], [[moderation]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.115</span>; αἰδῶ λαβεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>345</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">regard for others, respect, reverence</b>, αἰδοῦς οὐδεμιῆς ἔτυχον <span class="bibl">Thgn.1266</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>460</span>; <b class="b3">αἰ. τοκέων</b> <b class="b2">respect for</b> them, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.218</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἐμὴν αἰδῶ</b> [[respect]] for me, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>699</span>; [[regard]] for friends, αἰδοῦς ἀχαλκεύτοισιν ἔζευκται πέδαις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>595</span>; esp. <b class="b2">regard for the helpless, compassion</b>, αἰδοῦς κῦρσαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>247</span>; [[forgiveness]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.26</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 867e</span> (cf. αἰδέομαι <span class="bibl">11.2</span>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">that which causes shame</b> or [[respect]], and so, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[shame]], [[scandal]], αἰδώς, Ἀργεῖοι, κάκ' ἐλέγχεα <span class="bibl">Il.5.787</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἰδώς, ὦ Λύκιοι· πόσε φεύγετε</b>; <span class="bibl">16.422</span>; αἰδὼς μὲν νῦν ἥδε… <span class="bibl">17.336</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> = [[τὰ αἰδοῖα]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.262</span>, <span class="bibl">Arat.493</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.7.72</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[dignity]], [[majesty]] αἰ. καὶ χάρις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>214</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">Αἰδώς</b> personified, <span class="title">Reverence</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.44</span>; <span class="title">Mercy</span>, <b class="b3">Ζηνὶ σύνθακος θρόνων Αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1268</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Paus. 1.17.1</span>; παρθένος Αἰδοῦς Δίκη λέγεται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>943e</span>.</span>