νόσος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[illness]], [[disease]], metaph. [[distress]], [[need]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. Ion. <b class="b3">νοῦσος</b> (s. below).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">νοσο-ποιέω</b> <b class="b2">cause disease</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">ἐπί-νοσος</b> <b class="b2">a prey of disease, unhealthy</b> (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 85).<br />Derivatives: A. Adj.: 1. <b class="b3">νοσερός</b> [[ill]], [[unhealthy]] (Hp., E.. Arist.); 2. <b class="b3">νοσηρός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., X.; <b class="b3">ὑγιηρός</b> Pi., Ion.) with <b class="b3">νοσήριον</b> (H. s. <b class="b3">κηρέσιον</b>; for <b class="b3">νοσητήριον</b> or <b class="b3">νοσηρόν</b>?); 3. <b class="b3">νοσηλός</b> [[ill]], [[sickly]] (Hp.; rather from <b class="b3">νοσέω</b>, cf. Chantraine Form. 241) with <b class="b3">νοσήλια</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">sick-diet</b> (Opp.), <b class="b3">νοσηλεύω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> <b class="b2">care for a patient, be ill</b> (Isoc., J.), <b class="b3">νοσηλεία</b> f. [[nursing]], [[morbidity]] (S., J., Plu.); 4. <b class="b3">νοσακερός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist.; after Poll. 3, 105 <b class="b3">ἐσχάτως κωμικόν</b>; on <b class="b3">ακ-</b>enlargement Frisk Nom. 62ff.); 5. <b class="b3">νοσώδης</b> [[ill]], [[unhealthy]] (Hp., Att.); 6. <b class="b3">Νόσιος</b> surn. of <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> (Miletos VI--Va). -- B. Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">νοσέω</b> <b class="b2">be ill</b> (Att., also Ion.) with <b class="b3">νόσημα</b> n. [[illness]] (IA.), with <b class="b3">νοσημάτιον</b> dimin. (Ar.), <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">*τώδης</b> [[sickly]] (Arist.); 2. <b class="b3">νοσεύομαι</b> <b class="b2">be sickly</b> with <b class="b3">νόσευμα</b> [[illness]] (Hp.); 3. <b class="b3">νοσάζομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ω</b> <b class="b2">be, make ill</b>, <b class="b3">νοσίζω</b> <b class="b2">make ill</b> (Arist., Gal.). -- C. Substant. 1. <b class="b3">νόσανσις</b> f. <b class="b2">getting ill</b> (Arist.: <b class="b3">ὑγίανσις</b>; <b class="b3">*νοσαίνω</b>); 2. unclear <b class="b3">νοσίμη</b> (leg. <b class="b3">-ήμη</b>?) = <b class="b3">νόσημα</b> (Theognost.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">νόσος</b> : <b class="b3">νοῦσος</b> we conclude to <b class="b3">*νόσϜος</b> (Schulze Q. 115 with Aufrecht KZ 1, 120). Beside the also in Ionic younger <b class="b3">νοσέω</b>, ep. <b class="b3">νοῦσος</b> can also be understood as a false rewriting of <b class="b3">ΝΟΣΟΣ</b> for <b class="b3">*νόσσος</b>; then the ep. form must have been taken over by Hdt. and Hp. Schwyzer 227 a. 308, cf. Wackernagel Unt. 86; s. also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 162 and Lejeune Traité de phon. 117. -- Several explanations, which have at best hypothetic value, as Brugmann Sächs. Ges. Ber. 1897, 29ff. and IF 28, 363ff., Solmsen BphW 1906, 754f. (all noted by Bq; s. also WP. 2, 333). - The word could well be Pre-Greek (note the retained <b class="b3">-σ-</b>; not in Fur.)