δεύτερος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[second]], (perh. from <b class="b3">δύο</b> with Comp. termination): </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> [[next]] in Order (with a notion of Time), in Il. (not in Od.) of one who <b class="b2">comes in second</b> in a race, <span class="bibl">23.265</span>; δ. ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">22.207</span>; δ. αὖτ'… προΐει… ἔγχος [[next]], <span class="bibl">20.273</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὔ μ' ἔτι δ. ὧδε ἵξετ'</b> <b class="b3">ἄχος</b> no [[second]] grief, i.e. none [[hereafter]] like this, <span class="bibl">23.46</span>; as Comp., c. gen., <b class="b3">ἐμεῖο δεύτεροι</b> [[after]] my [[time]], ib.<span class="bibl">248</span>; <b class="b3">σοὶ δ' οὐκέτι δ. ἔσται</b> no <b class="b2">second choice</b> will be allowed thee, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>34</span>; in Att. and Trag. with Art., ὁ δ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1315</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἱ δ. πως φροντίδες σοφώτεραι</b> [[second]] thoughts are wisest, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>436</span>: prov., <b class="b3">δ. πλοῦς</b> the <b class="b2">next best</b> way, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>99d</span>, etc.; ὁ δ. πλοῦς ἐστι δήπου λεγόμενος, ἂν ἀποτύχῃ τις οὐρίου, κώπαισι πλεῖν <span class="bibl">Men.241</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of Time, [[next]], [[later]], <b class="b3">δ. χρόνῳ</b> in [[after]] time, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.43</span>; <b class="b3">δ. ἡμέρῃ</b> on the [[next]] day, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>; <b class="b3">δ. ἔτεϊ τούτων</b> in the year [[after]] this, <span class="bibl">Id.6.46</span>: neut. as Adv., <b class="b3">δεύτερον αὖ, αὖτε, αὖτις</b>, <b class="b2">a second time</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.332</span>, <span class="bibl">191</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.354</span>; ἐν τᾷ δ. ἐκκλησίᾳ <span class="title">SIG</span>644.20: with the Art., τὸ δ. <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>4.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.79</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1082</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.1</span>: also pl., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.53</span>, <span class="bibl">9.3</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ δ. κινδυνεύσοντας</b> about to run the [[next]] dangers, <span class="bibl">Th.6.78</span>; later, <b class="b3">ἐκ δευτέρου</b> for <b class="b2">the second time</b>, Ev.Marc.14.72, Dsc.5.87.10; ἐκ δευτέρης <span class="bibl">Babr. 114.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PStrassb.</span>100.22</span> (ii B. C.): regul. Adv. δευτέρως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 955e</span>, <span class="bibl">Sallust.18</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ὁ δ</b>. the [[younger]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>592.10</span> (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in Order or Rank (without any notion of Time), [[second]], δ.μετ' ἐκεῖνον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.31</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1442</span>, etc.; πολὺ δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1228</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">πολὺ δ. μετά τι</b> very much [[behind]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.97</span>; μετὰ τὸ πλουτεῖν δ. <span class="bibl">Antiph.144.9</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">δ. οὐδενός</b> [[second]] to none, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.31.27.16</span>; δ. παιδὸς σῆς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>618</span>; πάντα τἄλλα δεύτερ' ἦν τῶν προσδοκιῶν <span class="bibl">D.19.24</span>; πρὸς τὰ χρήματα θνητοῖσι τἄλλα δεύτερ' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>354.5</span>; τὰ ἄλλα πάντα δ. τε καὶ ὕστερα λεκτέον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>59c</span>; logically or metaphysically [[posterior]], πᾶν πλῆθος δ. ἐστι τοῦ ἑνός <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">Inst.</span>5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">36</span>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>126</span>, al.; <b class="b3">δεύτερ' ἡγεῖσθαι</b> think <b class="b2">quite secondary</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 351</span>; <b class="b3">δεύτερον ἄγειν, δεύτερα ποιεῖσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Symp.</span>9</span>, Plu.2.162e; ἐν δευτέρῳ τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fab.</span>24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>8.242b</span>; <b class="b3">ἱερὸν δ</b>. <b class="b2">of the second class</b>, <span class="title">OGI</span>56.59 (iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">the second of two</b>, <b class="b3">δ. αὐτή</b> herself <b class="b2">with another</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.113</span>, cf. <span class="title">AB</span>89; <b class="b3">ἑπτὰ δ. σοφοί</b> a [[second]] seven sages, <span class="bibl">Euphro 1.12</span>; <b class="b3">εἷς καὶ δ</b>. <b class="b2">unus et alter</b>, Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.934</span>; εἷς ἢ δ. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>6.190d</span>; ἕν τι… ἢ δεύτερον <span class="bibl">D.Chr.33.7</span>; <b class="b3">δ. καὶ τρίτος</b> [[two]] or three, <span class="bibl">Plb.26.1.1</span>.; neut. as Adv., <b class="b3">ἅπαξ καὶ δεύτερον</b> once or [[twice]], Jul. <b class="b2">ad Ath</b>.278c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">δ. ἀριθμός</b> number <b class="b2">whose prime factors are odd</b>, <span class="bibl">Nicom.<span class="title">Ar.</span>1.12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> as Subst., <b class="b3">τὰ δ</b>., = [[δευτερεῖα]], <b class="b2">the second prize</b> or [[place]], <span class="bibl">Il.23.538</span>; τὰ δ. φέρεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.104</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">after-birth</b>, Dsc.1.48,50. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">δευτέρα σαββάτου</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα</b>) <b class="b2">second day of the week</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ps.</span>47(48)</span> tit.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[second]], in order and time, also in status (Il.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">δευτεραῖος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the second day</b> (Hdt.; from <b class="b3">ἡ δευτέρα</b> [<b class="b3">ἡμέρα</b>], cf. Schwyzer 596); <b class="b3">δευτερεῖα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἆθλα</b>) n. pl., later also <b class="b3">-ον</b> and as adjective (Hdt.; after <b class="b3">ἀριστεῖα</b>); <b class="b3">δευτερίας</b> (<b class="b3">οἶνος</b>) bad wine, made from the draff, the <b class="b3">στέμφυλα</b> (Nikopho [?], Dsc.; after the wines in <b class="b3">-ίας</b>, Chantr. Form. 94f.; also <b class="b3">δευτερίναρ</b> [Lac.] H.); <b class="b3">δευτέριον</b> [[afterbirth]] (Aq.). - Denomin. <b class="b3">δευτερεύω</b> <b class="b2">be second</b> (Plb.), <b class="b3">δευτεριάζω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ar. Ek. 634); <b class="b3">δευτερόω</b> [[repeat]] (LXX) with <b class="b3">δευτέρωσις</b> (LXX) and <b class="b3">δευτέρωμα</b> (Eust.). - Beside <b class="b3">δεύτερος</b> rarely the superlative <b class="b3">δεύτατος</b> (Τ 51, Mosch.).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Prop. <b class="b2">the one who stays back, the following</b>, comparative to <b class="b3">δεύομαι</b>, s. 2. <b class="b3">δέω</b>. - Ruijgh, Lingua 28 (1970)317f. finds <b class="b3">-τερος</b> after a verbal stem improbable, and suggests that it was added to an adverbial stem <b class="b3">*δευ</b>, perhaps seen in <b class="b3">δεῦτε</b>.