Κάδμος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="title">Cadmus</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.333</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>937</span>, etc.:—Adj. Καδμεῖος, α, ον, lon. Καδμήιος, η, ον, <span class="title">Cadmean</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>940</span>, etc.:—fem. Καδμηίς, ίδος, ἡ, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Bacch.</span>57</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>162</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.12</span>, prob. in <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>177:—poet. Καδμέϊος, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>3(4).71</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1115</span> (lyr.): <b class="b3">Καδμεῖοι, οἱ</b>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[the Cadmeans]] or <b class="b2">ancient inhabitants of Thebes</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.388</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>326</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.57</span>, etc.: <b class="b3">Καδμεία, ἡ</b>, <b class="b2">the citadel of Thebes</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.3.11</span>; also, Pythag. name for [[eight]], Theol.Ar.54: prov., <b class="b3">Κ. νίκη</b> a victory involving one's own ruin (from the story of the <b class="b3">Σπαρτοί</b>, or that of Polynices and Eteocles), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.166</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>641c</span>, Plu.2.488a, Suid. (but = a [[great]] victory, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>21</span> J.); so Κ. κράτος <span class="title">AP</span>5.178 (Mel.): metaph., Κ. παιδεία Pl. l.c.; <b class="b3">Κ. γράμματα</b> the alphabet, supposed to have been brought by K. from Phoenicia, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.59</span>. (The spelling <b class="b3">Κάσσμος</b> is found on a vase of Rhegium, Roscher <b class="b2">Lex.d.Gr.u.Röm.Myth</b>.<span class="bibl">2(1).842</span>.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: name of a hero, the founder of Thebes (Od.)<br />Other forms: \/ <b class="b3">Κασσμος</b> (vase Rhegium).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">Καδμεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">Καδμήιος</b> (Hes.) adj.; <b class="b3">Καδμεία</b> <b class="b2">the hill of Thebes</b> (X.); <b class="b3">Καδμειῶνες</b> <b class="b2">the inhabitants of Thebes</b> (Il.); <b class="b3">καδμεία</b> (<b class="b3">γῆ</b>) [[cadmia]], [[calamine]] (Dsc.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: The connection with [[κέκασμαι]] is certainly wrong. The name is found for a river in Thesprotia and for a mountain and a river in Caria So the word is without a doubt a Pre-Greek word, of unknown meaning (Beekes, Mnemosyne 42 (2004)465ff. and Kadmos, 43(2005)172f. This is confirmed by the name <b class="b3">Καδμἶλος</b> which has a suffix <b class="b3">-ιλ-</b> which is well known in Anatolia. The structure of the name agrees with that of <b class="b3">Πάτμος</b>, <b class="b3">Λάτμος</b>, <b class="b3">Λάκμος</b>. The gloss <b class="b3">κάδμος δόρυ</b>, <b class="b3">λόφος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀσπίς</b> H. finds no support. Cf. on <b class="b3">Καδμῖλος</b>.