καλέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Aeol. κάλημι (q.v.), Ep. inf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> καλήμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.10.125</span>: Ion. impf. καλέεσκον <span class="bibl">6.402</span>; 3sg.κάλεσκε <span class="bibl">A.R.4.1514</span>: fut., Ion. καλέω <span class="bibl">Il.3.383</span>, Att. καλῶ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>175a</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.15</span>, etc.; later καλέσω <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>16.11</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ph.1.69</span>, (παρα-) <span class="bibl">D.8.14</span> codd., <span class="title">SIG</span>656.40 (Teos, ii B.C.), (ἐγ-) v.l. in <span class="bibl">D.19.133</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.123</span> codd. (<b class="b3">καλέσω</b> in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1452</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span> 964</span>, etc., is aor. 1 subj.): aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐκάλεσα</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">ἐκάλεσσα, κάλεσσα</b>, <span class="bibl">Od. 17.379</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.693</span> (late Ep. ἔκλησα Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>86, late Prose <b class="b3">ἐκάλησα</b> Ps.Callisth. 3.35): pf. κέκληκα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>260</span>, etc.:—Med., Att. fut. καλοῦμαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1221</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>864</span>; in pass. sense, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>971</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1140</span>, etc.; later <b class="b3">καλέσομαι</b> (ἐκ-, ἐπι-) dub.l. in <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.174</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.17</span>: aor.1 ἐκαλεσάμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.189</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>937a</span>; Ep. καλεσσάμην <span class="bibl">Il.1.54</span>, 3pl. <b class="b3">καλέσαντο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">270</span>:—Pass., fut. κεκλήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.3.138</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>698</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span> 840</span>, etc.; κληθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>681d</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>48.6</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>13</span>: aor. ἐκλήθην <span class="bibl">Archil.78</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1359</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>862</span>, etc.: pf.<b class="b3">κέκλημαι</b>, Ep.3pl. κεκλήαται <span class="bibl">A.R.1.1128</span>, Ion. κεκλέαται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.164</span>; Ep. 3pl. plpf. κεκλήατο <span class="bibl">Il.10.195</span>; opt. κεκλῄμην, κεκλῇο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>119</span>, κεκλῄμεθα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span> 253</span>: late pf. <b class="b3">κεκάλεσμαι</b> Suid.s.v. [[κλητή]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> [[call]], [[summon]], εἰς ἀγορὴν καλέσαντα <span class="bibl">Od.1.90</span>; ἐς Ὄλυμπον <span class="bibl">Il.1.402</span>; <b class="b3">ἀγορήνδε, θάλαμόνδε, θάνατόνδε</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.348</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.693</span>: c. acc. only, <b class="b3">κεκλήατο</b> (for <b class="b3">-ηντο</b>) <b class="b3"> βουλήν</b> [[they had been summoned]] to the council, <span class="bibl">10.195</span>: folld. by inf., <b class="b3">αὐτοὶ γὰρ κάλεον συμμητιάασθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">197</span>; καιρὸς καλεῖ… <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 466</span>; κἄμ' ὑπηρετεῖν καλεῖς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>996</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ εἰς ἕ, ἐπὶ οἷ</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.23.203</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.330</span>, etc.; εἰς μαρτυρίαν κληθείς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>937a</span>; ἐμὲ νῦν ἤδη καλεῖ ἡ εἱμαρμένη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>115a</span>; [[demand]], [[require]], ἡ ἡμέρα 'κείνη εὔνουν καὶ πλούσιον ἄνδρα ἐκάλει <span class="bibl">D.18.172</span>: aor. Med., <b class="b3">καλέσασθαί τινα</b> <b class="b2">call to oneself</b>, freq. in Ep., <span class="bibl">Il.1.270</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.43</span>, etc.; φωνῇ <span class="bibl">Il.3.161</span>; ἀγορήνδε λαόν <span class="bibl">1.54</span>; [[call]] a witness, Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>l.c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">call to one's house</b> or <b class="b2">to a repast, invite</b> (not in Il.), <span class="bibl">Od.10.231</span>, <span class="bibl">17.382</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>10.27</span>; later usu. with a word added, κ. ἐπὶ δεῖπνον <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.16</span> (Pass.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.30</span>, etc.; ἐς ἔρανον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.37</span>; ἐς θοίνην <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1140</span>; ὑπὸ σοῦ κεκλημένος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>174d</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κληθέντες πρός τινα</b> [[invited]] to his house, <span class="bibl">D.19.196</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ κεκλημένος</b> the [[guest]], <span class="bibl">Damox.2.26</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[invoke]], Δία <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.58</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>223</span>; at sacrifices, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>482</span>; μάρτυρας κ. θεούς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1248</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.18.141</span>:—Med., τοὺς θεοὺς καλούμεθα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 201</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">216</span>; also μαρτύριά τε καὶ τεκμήρια καλεῖσθε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>486</span>; but <b class="b3">ἀράς, ἅς σοι καλοῦμαι</b> which I <b class="b2">call down</b> on thee, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1385</span>:—Pass., of the god, <b class="b2">to be invoked</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>417</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> as law-term, [[summon]], of the judge, <b class="b3">καλεῖν τινας εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον</b> [[cite]] or [[summon]] before the court, <span class="bibl">D.19.211</span>, etc.; simply <b class="b3">καλεῖν</b> ib.212, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>851</span>, etc.; ἐὰν μὲν καλέσῃ <span class="bibl">D.21.56</span>; also <b class="b3">ὁ ἄρχων τὴν δίκην καλεῖ</b> <b class="b2">calls on</b> the case, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">V.</span>1441</span>:—Pass., ἡ πατροκτόνος δίκη κεκλῇτ' ἂν αὐτῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>696</span>; <b class="b3">πρὶν τὴν ἐμὴν</b> [<b class="b3">δίκην</b>] <b class="b3">καλεῖσθαι</b> before it <b class="b2">is called on</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>780</span>; καλουμένης τῆς γραφῆς <span class="bibl">D.58.43</span>; but, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of the plaintiff in Med., <b class="b3">καλεῖσθαί τινα</b> <b class="b2">to sue</b> at law, [[bring before the court]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1221</span>, al., <span class="bibl">D.23.63</span>; κ. τινὰ ὕβρεως <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1046</span>; κ. τινὰ πρὸς τὴν ἀρχήν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>914c</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ καλεσάμενος</b> the [[plaintiff]], <span class="bibl">PHal.1.224</span> (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> with an abstract subject, [[demand]], [[require]], <b class="b3">καλεῖ ἡ τάξις</b> c. inf., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">CPHerm.</span>25ii7</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> metaph. in Pass., <b class="b3">καλουμένης τῆς δυνάμεως πρὸς τὴν συναναληψίαν</b> [[called forth]], [[summoned]], <span class="bibl">Sor.1.29</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">call by name, name</b>, ὃν Βριάρεων καλέουσι θεοί <span class="bibl">Il.1.403</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.273</span>, etc.; κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσι <span class="bibl">Il.5.306</span>; ὥς σφας καλοῦμεν Εὐμενίδας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>486</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>86</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὄνομα καλεῖν τινα</b> [[call]] him by a name, εἴπ' ὄνομ' ὅττι σε κεῖθι κάλεον <span class="bibl">Od.8.550</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>259</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>383b</span>, etc. (in Pass., οὔνομα καλέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.173</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.56</span>): without <b class="b3">ὄνομα, τί νιν καλοῦσα τύχοιμ' ἄν</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1232</span>; τοῦτο αὐτὴν κάλεον <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Fr.</span>66b</span>; τούτοις τὸ ὄνομα ἱμάτια ἐκαλέσαμεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>279e</span> (Pass., <b class="b3">τύμβῳ δ' ὄνομα σῷ κεκλήσεται</b> <b class="b2">shall be given</b> to thy tomb, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1271</span>); <b class="b3">κ. ὄνομα ἐπί τινι</b> [[give]] a name [[to]] something, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>147d</span>; but [[call]] (a man) a name <b class="b2">because of</b> some function, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sph.</span>218c</span>; κ. τινὰ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>1.59</span>; ἐπ' ὀνόματος καλεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Plb.35.4.11</span>:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be named</b> or [[called]], Μυρμιδόνες δὲ καλεῦντο <span class="bibl">Il.2.684</span>; εἰ τόδ' αὐτῷ φίλον κεκλημένῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>161</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ καλούμενος</b> the [[socalled]], ἐν τῇ Θεράπνῃ καλεομένῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.61</span>; ὁ κ. θάνατος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>86d</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τῶν ὁμοτίμων κ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.9</span>; <b class="b3">κεκλημένος τινός</b> <b class="b2">called from</b> or [[after]] him, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.67</span>; καλεῖσθαι ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>48.6</span>; κέκληνται δέ σφιν ἕδραι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.76</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be called</b>, almost = [[εἰμί]], esp. with words expressing kinship or status, ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.7.313</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>2</span> (anap.); ἀφνειοὶ καλέονται <span class="bibl">Od.15.433</span>; esp. in pf. Pass. <b class="b3">κέκλημαι, οὕνεκα σὴ παράκοιτις κέκλημαι</b> because I [[am]] thy wife, <span class="bibl">Il.4.61</span>; φίλη κεκλήσῃ ἄκοιτις <span class="bibl">3.138</span>; αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις κεκλημένος εἴη <span class="bibl">Od.6.244</span>; ἠγάγετ' ἐς μέγα δῶμα φίλην κεκλῆσθαι ἄκοιτιν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>410</span>; σὴ κεκλημένη… ἦα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>324</span>; μηδ' ἔτι Τηλεμάχοιο πατὴρ κεκλημένος εἴην <span class="bibl">Il.2.260</span>; οὔτινος δοῦλοι κέκληνται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>242</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>366</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> special constructions, a. <b class="b3">Ἀλησίου ἔνθα κολώνη κέκληται</b> where [[is]] the hill [[called]] the hill of Alesios, <span class="bibl">Il.11.758</span>; ἵνα κριοῦ καλέονται εὐναί <span class="bibl">A.R.4.115</span>; ἔνθα ἡ Τριπυργία καλεῖται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.1.10</span>, etc.: -so in Act., <b class="b3">ἔνθα Ῥέας πόρον ἄνθρωποι καλέοισιν</b> where [[is]] the ford men [[call]] the ford of Rhea, <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">N.</span>9.41</span>, cf. <b class="b3">κικλήσκω, κλῄζω, κλέω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> folld by a dependent clause, <b class="b3">ἐκάλεσσέ νιν ἰσώνυμον ἔμμεν</b> <b class="b2">said that</b> his [[name]] should be the same, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>9.63</span>; <b class="b3">καλεῖ με πλαστὸς ὡς εἴην πατρί</b>, i.e. καλεῖ με πλαστόν <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OT</span>780</span>; <b class="b3">καλοῦμέν γε παραδιδόντα μὲν διδάσκειν</b> <b class="b2">we say</b> that one who delivers teaches, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>198b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>205d</span>; τὰς ἀμπέλους τραγᾶν καλοῦσιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>546a3</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: `<b class="b2">call, by name = name (verb)</b> (Il.)<br />Other forms: ep. also <b class="b3">κικλήσκω</b>, Aeol. <b class="b3">κάλημι</b>, Cypr. <b class="b3">καλήζω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">καλέσ(σ)αι</b> (Il.), pass. <b class="b3">κληθῆναι</b> (Archil.), fut. <b class="b3">καλέω</b> (IA. since Γ 383), <b class="b3">καλῶ</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">καλέσω</b> (young Att., hell.), perf. med. <b class="b3">κέκλημαι</b> with fut. <b class="b3">κεκλήσομαι</b> (Il.), act. <b class="b3">κέκληκα</b> (Ar.).<br />Compounds: very often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">προ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, As 1. member in <b class="b3">καλεσσί-χορος</b> [[calling to the dance]] (Orph. L. 718; Schwyzer 443f.); on <b class="b3">ὁμο-κλη</b> (<b class="b3">ὀμ-</b>), <b class="b3">-κλέω</b>, <b class="b3">-άω</b> s. v.<br />Derivatives: With disyll. stem: 1. <b class="b3">καλήτωρ</b> adjunct of <b class="b3">κῆρυξ</b> [[Caller]] (Ω 577), also as PN (Ο 419) with <b class="b3">Καλητορίδης</b> (Ν 541); <b class="b3">καλη-</b> as in <b class="b3">καλή-μεναι</b> (Κ 125; Aeol. athemat. formation?), perhaps after <b class="b3">κλη-</b> (Schulze Q. 16f., Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 17), if not metrically lenghtned (Solmsen Unt. 17); diff. again Schwyzer 531 n. 7 (after <b class="b3">καλέω</b> etc. for <b class="b3">κλη-</b>); thus 2. <b class="b3">Καλήσιος</b> (Ζ 18); 3. <b class="b3">κάλεσις</b> = <b class="b3">κλῆσις</b>, [[nominative]] (gramm.). - With monosyll. stem: 4. <b class="b3">κλῆσις</b> `<b class="b2">call, invitation, summons etc.</b> (Att. hell.), often from the prefixed verbs, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐπίκλη-σις</b> [[surname]] (Il.); 5. <b class="b3">-κλημα</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">ἔγκλη-μα</b> [[reproach]], [[accusation]] (Att.) with <b class="b3">ἐγκλήμων</b>, <b class="b3">-ματικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ματίζω</b> etc. 6. <b class="b3">κλητήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆρος</b> [[herald]], [[witness]] (A., Att.); <b class="b3">ὁμοκλη-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">who calls</b> (Il.) from <b class="b3">ὁμοκλη</b>, <b class="b3">-έω</b> (s. v.); <b class="b3">ἀνακλητήρια</b> n. pl. [[feast when a king is nominated]] (Plb.); 7. <b class="b3">κλήτωρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ορος</b> [[witness]], also PN (hell.), after <b class="b3">κλητήρ</b> (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 17f.; on <b class="b3">καλήτωρ</b> : <b class="b3">κλητήρ</b> Benveniste Noms d'agent 29, 40, 46). - 8. <b class="b3">κλητός</b> [[called]], [[invited]], [[wellcome]] (Hom.; Ammann <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 14 a. 21) with <b class="b3">κλητεύω</b> <b class="b2">call to justice etc.</b> (Att.), (<b class="b3">ἀνα-</b> etc.) <b class="b3">-κλη-τικός</b>; often from the prefixed verbs, e. g. <b class="b3">ἔκκλη-τος</b> `<b class="b2">called in</b> (IA. Dor.) with the collective abstract <b class="b3">ἐκκλησία</b> <b class="b2">(called) meeting</b> (IA.), [[community]], [[church]] (LXX, NT); with <b class="b3">ἐκκλησι-άζω</b> and <b class="b3">-αστής</b>, <b class="b3">-ασμός</b> etc.; with nominal 1. member as compound [Zusammenbildung] in <b class="b3">πολύ-κλη-τος</b> <b class="b2">often called</b>, i. e. [[called on from many sides]] ' (Δ 438, Κ 420; diff., not convincing, Kronasser Sprache 3, 172f.). - 9. <b class="b3">κλή-δην</b> <b class="b2">by name</b> (Ι 11; cf. <b class="b3">ἐξονομακλήδην</b>); 10. <b class="b3">ἐπίκλη-ν</b> `<b class="b2">with (sur)name</b> (Pl.; Schwyzer 425). - Deverbative formation <b class="b3">καλιστρέω</b> = <b class="b3">καλέω</b> (D. 47, 60 from Harp., Call.; prob. first from a noun, cf. <b class="b3">ἐλαστρέω</b> and Schwyzer 706). - On <b class="b3">κληΐζω</b>, <b class="b3">κληδών</b> (<b class="b3">κλεη-</b>, <b class="b3">κληη-</b>) s. [[κλέος]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [548] <b class="b2">*k(e)lh₁-</b> `[[call]]<br />Etymology: The disyll. verbal stem in <b class="b3">καλέ-σαι</b> (analogical <b class="b3">καλέσσαι</b>), as in <b class="b3">ὀλέ-σαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἀρό-σαι</b> etc. (Schwyzer 752); with <b class="b3">κλη-</b> in <b class="b3">κέ-κλη-μαι</b>, <b class="b3">κι-κλή-σκω</b>, <b class="b3">κλη-τός</b> compare <b class="b3">βλη-</b> in <b class="b3">βέ-βλη-μαι</b>, <b class="b3">βλη-τός</b>, from zero grade <b class="b2">*kl̥h₁-</b>. Beside monosyllabic <b class="b3">κλη-</b> (beside <b class="b3">καλέ-σαι</b>) Latin has <b class="b2">clā-</b> (<b class="b2">clā-mare</b>, <b class="b2">clā-rus</b>; beside <b class="b2">calā-re</b>). The present <b class="b3">καλέ-ω</b> is no doubt an innovation, prob. to <b class="b3">καλέσαι</b> (Fraenkel Mélanges Boisacq 1, 367; diff. on <b class="b3">καλέω</b>, <b class="b3">καλέσαι</b> Specht KZ 59, 85ff.). - (Not cognate are <b class="b3">κέλαδος</b> `[[noise]]'.) The <b class="b3">α-</b>vowel in <b class="b3">καλέ-σαι</b> will go back to a sonantic <b class="b2">l̥</b> ; the same vowel is found in Italic, Lat. [[calāre]] `[[declare]]', Umbr. <b class="b2">kařetu</b> (< <b class="b2">*kalē-tōd</b>); further the not fully explained OHG, OS [[halōn]] `[[call]], [[fetch]] (= [[calāre]]), Hitt.<b class="b2">kalleš-</b> [[call]], Skt. <b class="b2">uṣā-kal-a-</b> [[call]] (s. <b class="b3">ἠϊκανός</b>). As in the semant. close IE. <b class="b2">*kan-</b> (s. [[καναχή]]) the [[a]] is clearly very old (is it connected with the onomatop. charcater of the verb?). - Forms in Pok. 548ff.; further W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[calō]].