μοῖρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ας (Ion. <b class="b3">μοῖρα</b>, acc. <b class="b3">μοῖραν</b>, gen. ης), (μείρομαι) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[part]], opp. whole, <b class="b3">τριτάτη μ. [νυκτός</b>] <span class="bibl">Il.10.253</span>; [ἐσθλῶν] τριτάτην… μ. <span class="bibl">Od.4.97</span>; μενέτω τριτάτῃ ἐνὶ μ. <span class="bibl">Il.15.195</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[portion]] of land, of a country, etc., χώρης ὀλίγην ἔτι μοῖραν ἔχοντες <span class="bibl">16.68</span>; μ. πατρῴας γῆς διαιρετόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>163</span>; ἡ Περσέων μ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.75</span>; [<b class="b3">ἐς] δυώδεκα μοίρας δασάμενοι</b> Αἴγυπτον <span class="bibl">Id.2.147</span>; Πελοποννήσουτῶν πέντε τὰς δύο μοίρας <span class="bibl">Th.1.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[division]] of a people, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.146</span>; of an army, <span class="bibl">Hdn.6.6.3</span>; in codd. of X., freq.f.l. for [[μόρα]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> political [[party]], τὸν δῆμον πρὸς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ μ. προσεθήκατο <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.69</span>; τριῶν δὲ μ. ἡ 'ν μέσῳ σῴζει πόλεις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 244</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> [[degree]], in the astron. and geog. sense, <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.7.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.1.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Cleom.2.5</span>, etc.: [[division]] of the zodiac, <span class="bibl">Arat.716</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">560</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">Hyp.</span>3.52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[lot]], [[portion]] or [[share]] which falls to one, esp. in the distribution of booty, ἴση μ. <span class="bibl">Il.9.318</span>; μ. καὶ γέρας ἐσθλὸν ἔχων <span class="bibl">Od.11.534</span>; of a meal, μοίρας ἔνεμον <span class="bibl">8.470</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">14.448</span>, etc.; μ. ἔχειν γαίης <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>413</span>; σπλάγχνων μ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1105</span> (hex.); <b class="b3">τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς μοῖραν λαγχάνειν</b> one's [[inheritance]], [[patrimony]], Lexap.<span class="bibl">D.43.51</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>11.382.22 (Agath.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[part]], [[lot]], <b class="b3">οὐδ' αἰδοῦς μ. ἔχουσιν</b> have no [[part]] in shame, <span class="bibl">Od.20.171</span>; εὐθυμίης μείζω μ. μεθέξει <span class="bibl">Democr.258</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">263</span>; ἐν παντὶ παντὸς μ. ἔνεστι Anaxag.11, cf. 6; μ. ἔχειν ἀχέων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>945</span> (lyr.); μ. Ἀφροδίτας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1041</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἔχουσι μ. οὐκ εὐπέμπελον</b> <b class="b2">an office</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>476</span>; <b class="b3">τέσσαρας μ. ἔχον ἐμοί</b> filling <b class="b2">the place of</b> four [[relations]] to me, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>238</span>; μ. ἡδονῆς πορεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>631</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν ἑκάστου μ</b>., <b class="b2">pro virili parte</b>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.64</span>; οὐκ ἐλαχίστην συμβάλλεσθαι μ. πρός τι Plu.2.9f, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> one's <b class="b2">portion in life, lot, destiny</b>, ἐπὶ γάρ τοι ἑκάστῳ μοῖραν ἔθηκαν ἀθάνατοι <span class="bibl">Od.19.592</span>, etc.; μ. βροτῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>105</span>; mostly of <b class="b2">ill fortune</b>, but also of good, e. g. opp. <b class="b3">ἀμμορίη</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.76</span>; ἡ πεπρωμένη μ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.91</span>; ἐξιστορῆσαι μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>506</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1314</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">ἐστι</b>) c. inf., 'tis <b class="b2">one's fate</b>, οὐ γάρ τοι πρὶν μ. φίλους ἰδέειν <span class="bibl">Od.4.475</span>; οὐ γάρ πώ τοι μ. θανεῖν <span class="bibl">Il.7.52</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">15.117</span>: c. acc. et inf., εἰ μ.… δαμῆναι πάντας ὁμῶς <span class="bibl">17.421</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.434</span>; ἔσχε μοῖρ' Ἀχιλλέα θανεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>331</span>; ὡς αὐτὸν ἥξοι μ. πρὸς παιδὸς θανεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>713</span>; <b class="b3">εἴ μοι ξυνείη φέροντι μοῖρα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">863</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">μ. βιότοιο</b> one's [[portion]] or [[measure]] of life, <span class="bibl">Il.4.170</span> (as v. l. for <b class="b3">πότμον</b>) <b class="b3">; ὑπὲρ μοῖραν</b> (v. <b class="b3">μόρος</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.20.336</span>; <b class="b3">ἀγαθᾷ μοίρᾳ</b> by good [[luck]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>153</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">θείᾳ μοίρᾳ</b> by divine [[providence]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.18</span>; κατά τινα θείαν μ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1099b10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Men.</span>99e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span>33c</span>; opp. παρὰ μοῖραν Δίος Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>14.10. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> like [[μόρος]], <b class="b2">man's appointed doom</b>, i.e. [[death]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.488</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.560</span>; in full, θάνατος καὶ μ. <span class="bibl">Il.17.672</span>, etc.; μ. ὀλοή… θανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Od.2.100</span>; θανάτου μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>917</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1462</span> (both anap.); <b class="b3">πρὸ μοίρας</b> before the <b class="b2">appointed time</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>686</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.11.8</span>; ἐξέπλησε μ. τὴν ἑωυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.164</span>,<span class="bibl">3.142</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.91</span>; <b class="b3">τῇ σεωυτοῦ μ. περίεις</b> ib.<span class="bibl">121</span>; also, [[the cause of death]], <span class="bibl">Od. 21.24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[that which is meet and right]], in Hom. mostly in phrase <b class="b3">κατὰ μοῖραν</b> [[in order]], [[rightly]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.367</span>; κατὰ μ. ἔειπες <span class="bibl">1.286</span>, al.; ἐν μοίρῃ πάντα διίκεο <span class="bibl">19.186</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.22.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>775c</span>, <span class="bibl">958d</span>; opp. παρὰ μοῖραν <span class="bibl">Od.14.509</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει μ</b>. it is <b class="b2">meet and right</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>988</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[respect]], [[esteem]], οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μ. νείμαιμ' ἤ σοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>294</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1239</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν οὐδεμιῇ μοίρῃ μεγάλῃ ἄγειν τινά</b> hold one in no great [[respect]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.172</span>; ἐν μείζονι μ. εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>51b</span>; ἀτιμοτάτῃ ἐνὶ μ. <span class="bibl">Theoc.14.49</span>; μεγάλην μ. καὶ τιμὴν ἔχει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>398b</span>; κατατιθέναι τι ἐν μοίραις ἐλάττοσι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>923b</span>; τοὺς θεοὺς μοίραις ποεῖσθε μηδαμῶς <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>278</span> is prob. corrupt. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> c. gen. almost periphr., <b class="b3">ἐν τῇ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μοίρᾳ ἐκεῖνό ἐστι</b> is [[a]] good, [[of the order of]] the good, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span> 54c</span>; <b class="b3">ἄγειν ἢ φέρειν ἐν πολεμίου μ</b>. <b class="b2">as if</b> an enemy, <span class="bibl">D.23.61</span>; <b class="b3">νόστοιο μ</b>. for <b class="b3">νόστος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.196</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς ἐν παιδιᾶς μοίρᾳ</b> [[playfully]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>656b</span>; ὡς ἐν φαρμάκου μ. Plu.2.6e; ὥσπερ ἐν προσθήκης μ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Zeux.</span>2</span>; <b class="b3">μέτοχος εἶναι τῆς τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μοίρας</b>, i. e. <b class="b3">τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>60b</span>; ἡ φιλοσόφου μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ep.</span>329b</span>; ἡ τελειότης τἀγαθοῦ μ. τίς ἐστιν <span class="bibl">Procl.<span class="title">Inst.</span>25</span>; <b class="b3">θείας μ. μετέχειν</b>, i. e. <b class="b3">τοῦ θείου</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>322a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>230a</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐμπλήκτως ὀξὺ ἀνδρὸς μοίρᾳ προσετέθη</b> was accounted manly, <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Μοῖρα, as pr. n., [[the goddess of fate]], Hom. always (exc. <span class="bibl">Il. 24.49</span>) in sg., <span class="bibl">Il.24.209</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>33</span>, etc.: three first in <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>905</span>, etc.; as the goddess of death, <span class="bibl">Il.4.517</span>, <span class="bibl">18.119</span>: generally of evil, <span class="bibl">5.613</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγὼ δ' οὐκ αἴτιός εἰμι ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς καὶ</b> M. καὶ ἠεροφοῖτις Ἐρινύς <span class="bibl">19.87</span>: with epithets, M. <b class="b3">κραταιή, ὀλοή</b>, <span class="bibl">5.629</span>, <span class="bibl">21.83</span>; κακή <span class="bibl">13.602</span>; δυσώνυμος <span class="bibl">12.116</span>:—Trag. use sts. sg., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>130</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>910</span>, etc.: sts. pl., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>516</span>,<span class="bibl">895</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>306</span>, etc.; of the Furies, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>172</span>: later as objects of worship, <span class="title">SIG</span>1044.8 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.).—In the phrases θεοῦ μ. <span class="bibl">Od.11.292</span>, μ. θεῶν <span class="bibl">3.269</span>, <b class="b3">μοῖρα</b> is Appellat., = [[destiny]].</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0197.png Seite 197]] ἡ ([[μείρομαι]], [[μέρος]]), 1) der [[Theil]], im Ggstz des Ganzen; παρῴχηκεν δὲ [[πλέων]] νὺξ τῶν δύο μοιράων, τριτάτη δ' ἔτι [[μοῖρα]] λέλειπται, Il. 10, 253, vgl. 15, 195 Od. 4, 97, χώρης ὀλίγην ἔτι μοῖραν ἔχοντες, Il. 16, 68; τὸ [[παθεῖν]] εὖ, πρῶτον ἄθλων, εὖ δ' ἀκούειν δευτέρα [[μοῖρα]], Pind. P. 1, 99; μοῖραν πατρῴας γῆς ἐξαίρετον, Soph. Tr. 162; u. in Prosa, οὐκ ἐλαχίστη [[μοῖρα]], Her. 1, 146, [[δυώδεκα]] μοίρας δασάμενοι Αἴγυπτον πᾶσαν, nachdem sie ganz Aegypten in zwölf Theile getheilt hatten, 2, 147, u. oft von Landtheilen; ἐστρατεύετο ἐς τὴν Περσέων μοῖραν, d. i. in das Gebiet der Perser, 1, 75; Πελοποννήσου τῶν [[πέντε]] τὰς δύο μοίρας νέμονται, Thuc. 1, 10, zwei Fünftel des Peloponnes; τὴν περὶ τὸ [[ἧπαρ]] ψυχῆς μοῖραν κατῳκισμένην, Plat. Tim. 71 d; διαιροῦντες ἀεὶ τὴν μοῖραν, Soph. 235 c. – Bei den Astronomen, der Grad, Ptol. – 2) der [[Antheil]], so viel einem jeden zukommt; πὰρ δ' ἐτίθει σπλάγχνων μοίρας, Od. 20, 260, [[ἤδη]] μοίρας τ' ἔνεμον, 8, 470, Antheil am Mahle, Portion, wie κρέα δαίετο καὶ νέμε μοίρας, 15, 140, μοῖραν μὲν δὴ [[ξεῖνος]] ἔχει [[πάλαι]], ὡς ἐπέοικεν, ἴσην, 20, 293. Antheil an der Beute, 11, 534. – So auch Tragg.; ἔχουσι μοῖραν λαχόντες διοσδότων [[ἀχέων]], Aesch. Spt. 928, μοῖραν δ' ἡδονῆς κἀμοὶ πόρε, Prom. 634; ἀνὴρ ὅδ' ὡς ἔοικεν οὐ νέμειν ἐμοὶ φθίνοντι μοῖραν, das mir Gebührende, Soph. Tr. 1229; vgl. τάφου τε μοίρας καὶ κτερισμάτων [[λαχεῖν]], Eur. Suppl. 309; ἔγχει δή μοι καὶ σπλάγχνων μοῖραν ὄρεξον, Ar. Pax 1071; μοίρας, ὅσας προσῆκε διένειμεν, Plat. Tim. 35 b; τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς μοῖραν λαγχάνειν, vom Erbe, Dem. 43, 51; auch Sp., ἀναπληροῦν ἔδει τὴν ἑκάστοις καθήκουσαν μοῖραν ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων οἰκετῶν, Pol. 40, 2, 5. – Daher κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες, oft bei Hom., <b class="b2">nach Gebühr</b>, wie sich's ziemt, hast du gesprochen; auch ἐν μοίρᾳ, Plat. Legg. VI, 775 c; der Ggstz παρὰ μοῖραν, Od. 14, 509. – Bes. der Lebensantheil, das [[Lebensloos]], was jedem Menschen vom Geschick bestimmt ist, das<b class="b2"> Schicksal</b>, Verhängniß; οὐ γάρ πώ τοι [[μοῖρα]] [[θανεῖν]], noch ist dir's nicht bestimmt zu sterben, Il. 7, 52, u. so öfter c. inf., 15, 117. 16, 434. 17, 421; ἀλλ' ἔτι οἱ μοῖρ' ἐστὶ φίλους ἰδέειν, Od. 5, 114, es ist ihm beschieden, die Freunde zu sehen; εἰ δή μοι ὁμοίη [[μοῖρα]] τέτυκται, wenn mir ein gleiches Loos bereitet ist, Il. 18, 120; αἴ κε θάνῃς καὶ μοῖραν ἀναπλήσῃς βιότοιο, das zugetheilte Maaß des Lebens, 4, 170; gew. von bösem Geschick, aber Od. 20, 76 sind [[μοῖρα]] u. [[ἀμμορία]] verbunden. So auch Tragg.; στυγερᾶς μοίρας τῆσδε κυρήσας, Aesch. Pers. 873; μηδὲν θανάτου μοῖραν ἐπεύχου, Ag. 1441, vgl. Pers. 881; geradezu Tod, σὲ μὲν πρὸ μοίρας τῆς ἐμῆς διαφθερῶ, Ag. 1239, vgl. 1426; οὐ γάρ με [[μοῖρα]] [[πρός]] γε σοῦ πεσεῖν, Soph. O. R. 376, öfter; ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἔσχε μοῖρ' Ἀχιλλέα [[θανεῖν]], Phil. 331; ἁ δ' ἐρχομένα [[μοῖρα]], das nahende Geschick, Tr. 847; [[θανεῖν]] αὐτῷ [[μοῖρα]] Δελφικῷ ξίφει, Eur. Or. 1656; τίνι ὤλετο μοίρᾳ, auf welche Weise, welchen Tod starb er? Phoen. 1559; μοῖραν θανάτου προσλήψεται, Med. 981; ἐξέπλησε μοῖραν τὴν [[ἑωυτοῦ]], er erfüllte sein Schicksal, Her. 4, 142, wie [[σεωυτοῦ]] μοίρῃ περίεις, 1, 121; ᾡπερ [[τίς]] ποτε καὶ ἄλλη [[θεία]] [[μοῖρα]] ἀνθρώπῳ καὶ [[ὁτιοῦν]] προσέταξε πράττειν, eine göttliche Bestimmung, eine göttliche Schicksalsentscheidung, Plat. Apol. 33 c, vgl. Phaed. 58 c, öfter, wie auch Xen.; θείας τινὸς μοίρας φύσει μετέχον, Plat. Phaedr. 230 a; οὐδὲ τεύξεσθε θανάτου μοίρας, Tim. 41 b; auch τῇ ἀγαθῇ μοίρᾳ καὶ τύχῃ ἐπιτρέψαντες, Legg. XII, 946 b. – 3)<b class="b2"> Partei</b>, τὸν Ἀθηναῖον δῆμον πρὸς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ μοῖραν προσεθήκατο, Her. 5, 69. – 4) die Einem gebührende [[Achtung]] oder Schätzung; ἐν οὐδεμιῇ μοίρῃ μεγάλῃ ἄγειν τινά, Einen nicht hochachten, Her. 2, 172; ἐν μοίρᾳ στρατιώτου τιμῶμαι, Archil. 78; vgl. Plat. μεγάλην μοῖραν καὶ τιμὴν ἔχει, Crat. 398 b; ἁγιώτερον καὶ ἐν μείζονι μοίρᾳ, Crit. 51 b; so auch ἐν τῇ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μοίρᾳ ἐκεῖνό ἐστι, Phil. 54 c, d. i. für ein Gut zu achten; vgl. ἐς [[ἄλλην]] μοῖραν θετέον, ibd.; κατατιθεὶς ἐν μοίραις ἐλάττοσιν, Legg. XI, 923 b; zur Erweiterung u. Umschreibung eines Begriffes, ὡς ἐν παιδιᾶς μοίρᾳ, wie zum Scherz, II, 656 b, vgl. I, 641 d; μοῖραν φιλίας οὐδεμίαν παρέχ οντας, keine Freundschaft, nichts Freundschaftliches, Phaedr. 255 b.