ἐγγύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ], Adv., Comp. <b class="b3">ἐγγυτέρω</b> (<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> -τέρῳ <span class="title">Hell.Oxy.</span>6.3), also -ύτερον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>704e</span>: Sup. <b class="b3">ἐγγυτάτω</b> or -ύτατα (first in Hp., and Att.); also <b class="b3">ἔγγῑον, ἔγγιστα</b> (v. <b class="b3">ἐγγίων</b>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, [[near]], [[nigh]], [[at hand]]: freq. in Hom., ἐ. γὰρ νυκτός τε καὶ ἤματός εἰσι κέλευθοι <span class="bibl">Od.10.86</span>: c. gen., <b class="b2">hard by, near to</b>; so <b class="b3">λύπας ἐγγυτέρω</b> <b class="b2">nearer to</b> grief, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1217</span>: c. dat., <span class="bibl">Il.11.340</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>37</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγὺς ὁδῷ</b> dub. in <span class="title">IG</span>12.974: mostly with Verbs of rest, <b class="b3">ἐ. ἑστάναι, παρεστάναι</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>686</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>65</span>; but ἐ. χωρεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>59</span>: c. gen., οἱ ἐγγυτάτω τῆς ἀγορᾶς κατεσκευασμένοι <span class="bibl">Lys.24.20</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of Time, <b class="b2">nigh at hand</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.22.453</span>; ἐ. ἡμῖν ὁ ἀγών <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.3.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of Numbers, etc., [[nearly]], ἔτεσι ἐ. εἴκοσι <span class="bibl">Th.6.5</span>; μισθὸς ἐ. ἐνιαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.1.28</span>: generally, [[nearly]], [[almost]], ἐ. ἔγνως S.<span class="title">Ichn.</span>301; <b class="b3">οὐδ' ἐ. τινος</b> not [[nearly]], i. e. not [[by a great deal]], nothing [[like]] it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>198b</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει οὐχ οὕτω ταῦτα οὐδ' ἐ</b>. not so . . nor yet <b class="b2">nearly so</b>, <span class="bibl">D.21.30</span>; οὐκ ἐποίουν τοῦτο, οὐδ' ἐ. <span class="bibl">Id.18.96</span>; [[mostly]], Hp.<span class="title">Mochl.</span>34. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> of Qualities, <b class="b2">coming near</b>, ἐ. τι καὶ παραπλήσιον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>520a</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγύτατα τοῦ νῦν τρόπου, τῆς ξυμπάσης γνώμης</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>,<span class="bibl">22</span>; ὅτι ἐγγύτατα τούτων <span class="bibl">Id.7.86</span>; κοινῇ δὲ πᾶσιν οὐδεὶς ἐγγυτέρω <span class="bibl">D.18.288</span>; δοκεῖς δηλῶσαι ἐγγύτατα τὴν ῥητορικήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>452e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. εἶναι</b>, c. gen., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>116b</span>; ἐ. τυφλῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span> 508c</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. τι τείνειν τοῦ τεθνάναι</b> <b class="b2">very near</b> death, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>65a</span>; κακῶς παθεῖν ἐγγύτατα <span class="bibl">D.21.123</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> of Relationship, <b class="b2">akin to</b>, οἱ Ζηνὸς ἐ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>162</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγυτέρω γένει</b> or <b class="b3">γένους</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>30a</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.3.72</span>; ἐγγύτατα γένους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>388</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>41</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>304d</span>; ἐγγυτάτω γένους <span class="title">IG</span>12.77, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1666</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adv.<br />Meaning: [[near]] (in space and time; Il.).<br />Other forms: Comp. and superl. <b class="b3">ἐγγυτέρω</b>, <b class="b3">-τάτω</b> (<b class="b3">-ύτερον</b>, <b class="b3">-ύτατα</b>), also <b class="b3">ἔγγιστα</b>, <b class="b3">ἔγγιον</b> (see Seiler Steigerungsformen 107ff.); late adj. <b class="b3">ἐγγύτερος</b>, <b class="b3">-τατος</b> (LXX; Schwyzer 534 n. 5).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐγγύθι</b> [[nearby]] (Il.), <b class="b3">ἐγγύθεν</b> <b class="b2">from nearby</b> (Il.); <b class="b3">ἐγγύτης</b> f. [[nearness]] (A. D.); <b class="b3">ἐγγύδιον ἔγγιον</b>, <b class="b3">πλησίον</b>, <b class="b3">προσῆκον</b> H. (after the diminutives in <b class="b3">-ύδιον</b>); denomin. <b class="b3">ἐγγίζω</b> <b class="b2">come near</b>, tr. [[approach]] (Arist., hell.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Adverb in <b class="b3">-ς</b> as <b class="b3">εὑθύς</b>, <b class="b3">ἅλις</b> etc. (Schwyzer 620). Because of Lat. [[comminus]] one wants to see, with Bezzenberger BB 4, 321 n. 1 (s. also Adontz Mélanges Boisacq 1, 11) in <b class="b3">ἐγγύς</b> an old word for [[hand]], also seen in <b class="b3">ἐγγύη</b>, <b class="b3">-άω</b>. The first syllable seems the prep. (adv.) <b class="b3">ἐν</b>, but further interpretation is uncertain. - Schwyzer 620 n. 3 proposes (hesitantly) the explanation <b class="b2">the hands together</b> with <b class="b3">ἐν</b> from <b class="b3">ἕν</b> to Lat. <b class="b2">sem-el</b> etc., s. <b class="b3">εἷς</b>. Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73 : 2, 47 (to <b class="b3">βαίνω</b> as "colui che va innanzi". This may well be correct. The second element will be the neuter = absol. of the root <b class="b2">*gʷeu-</b> <b class="b2">to go</b>, "en allant vers, au milieu"; cf. <b class="b3">μεσσηγυ</b> De Lamberterie (1990)326-37.