ὄζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. ὄσδω <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.149</span> (cf. also III infr.): impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὦζε <span class="bibl">Crates Com.2</span> (cj. Pors. for <b class="b3">ὦ Ζεῦ</b>): fut. ὀζήσω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1059</span>; Ion. ὀζέσω <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Superf.</span>25</span>, <span class="title">Gp.</span>12.29.5, <span class="bibl">Eust.1523.39</span>, <span class="title">An.Ox.</span>2.396 : aor. ὤζησα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 635</span> ; Ion. ὤζεσα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Superf.</span>25</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>8.14(10)</span>: pf. ὤζηκα Phot. ; but pf. with pres. sense ὄδωδα <span class="bibl">Phylarch.10</span> J., <span class="title">AP</span>7.30 (Antip. Sid.), Plu.2.916d, <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SA</span>1.9</span> : plpf. as impf. ὠδώδειν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>20</span> ; Ep. <b class="b3">ὀδώδειν</b> (v. infr.):—[[smell]], whether <b class="b2">smell sweet</b> or [[stink]], Hom. only in 3sg. plpf. with sense of impf., ὀδμὴ κέδρου . . ἀνὰ νῆσον ὀδώδει <span class="bibl">Od.5.60</span> ; <b class="b3">ὀδμὴ δ' ἡδεῖα ἀπὸ κρητῆρος ὀδώδει</b>, of wine, <span class="bibl">9.210</span> : later c. gen.rei, freq. with neut. Adj. or Adv. added, <b class="b2">smell of</b> a thing, τόδ' ὄζει θυμάτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1310</span> ; ὄζων τρυγός <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>50</span> ; βύρσης κάκιστον ὄζων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>892</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span> 38</span> ; also ὠδώδει ὑπὸ μύρων ὁ οἶκος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>20</span> : metaph., [[smell]] or [[savour]] of a thing, <b class="b3">Κρονίων ὄζων</b> <b class="b2">smelling of</b> musty antiquity, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 398</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1007</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>192</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>616</span> ; καλοκἀγαθίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>2.4</span>; that from which the smell comes is also in gen., ὄζων κακὸν τῶν μασχαλῶν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span>852</span> ; τοῦ στόματος <span class="bibl">Pherecr.67</span> : so c. dupl. gen., τῆς κεφαλῆς ὄζω μύρου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>524</span> ; v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> freq. impers., <b class="b3">ὄζει ἀπ' αὐτῆς ὡσεὶ ἴων</b> [[there is a smell]] from it as of violets, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.23</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄζει ἡδὺ τῆς χρόας</b> <b class="b2">there is a</b> sweet [[smell]] from the skin, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1020</span> ; τῆς γῆς ὡς γλυκὺ ὄζει <span class="bibl">Cratin.Jun.1</span> ; <b class="b3">ὄζειν ἐδόκει τοῦ ἄρτου καὶ τῆς μάζης κάκιστον</b> there seemed <b class="b2">to be</b> a most foul [[smell]] from... <span class="bibl">Lys.6.1</span> ; <b class="b3">οὐκ ὄζει αὐτῶν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τῶν λαγῶν</b>) <b class="b2">no scent</b> of the hares [[remains]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>5.1</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">7</span> : c. dupl. gen., <b class="b3">ἱματίων ὀζήσει δεξιότητος</b> [[there will be an odour]] of cleverness from your clothes, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1059</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>529</span> ; ἀπὸ στόματος . . ὄζει ἴων, ὄζει δὲ ῥόδων, ὄζει δ' ὑακίνθου <span class="bibl">Hermipp.82.8</span> ; ὄζει ἐκ τοῦ στόματος μελικήρας <span class="bibl">Pherecr.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Med., <b class="b3">κακὸν ὀζόμενος</b>, for <b class="b3">ὄζων</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span> 12</span> ; οἶνος . . ἄνθεος ὀσδόμενος <span class="bibl">Xenoph.1.6</span> ; δριμὺ ὀσδομένου τοῦ σώματος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.297.3</span> (ca. v A. D.). (Cf. Lat. [[odor]], Lith. [[uodžiu]] 'I smell'.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to smell, to scent</b> (ion. att.)<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ὄσδω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> (Theoc., Xenoph.) with <b class="b3">ὀζῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ὀζήσω</b> (Att.), also <b class="b3">ὀζέσαι</b>, <b class="b3">-έσω</b> (Hp. Superf., hell.), plupf. <b class="b3">ὀδώδει</b> (Od.), perf. <b class="b3">ὄδωδα</b> (hell.).<br />Compounds: Also w. prefix as <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>. As 1. member in the governing comp. <b class="b3">ὀζό-στομος</b> <b class="b2">with smelling breath</b> (AP, M. Ant.), as 2. member in plantnames like <b class="b3">κυν-όζ-ολον</b> (Ps.-Dsc.); cf. Strömberg 60f.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ὀδμή</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ὀσμή</b> (Att., Hippon.; on <b class="b3">σμ</b> from <b class="b3">δμ</b> below) f. [[odour]], [[scent]]; as 2. member e.g. in <b class="b3">εὔ-οδμος</b>, <b class="b3">-οσμος</b> <b class="b2">sweet-smelling, odorous</b> (Pi.), also in <b class="b3">ὄνοσμα</b> n. plantname? (Dsc.; Strömberg 61); from it <b class="b3">ὀδμ-αλέος</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ήεις</b> (Nic.), <b class="b3">-ηνός</b> (H.; cod. <b class="b3">ὄδ-</b>) <b class="b2">strong-smelling</b>; <b class="b3">ὀσμ-ώδης</b> (Arist., Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b>, <b class="b3">-ήρης</b> (Nic.) <b class="b2">id.</b>; <b class="b3">ὀσμύλ-η</b>, <b class="b3">-ος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιον</b> <b class="b2">strong-smelling octopus</b> (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">ὀσμ-ίτης</b> (Gloss.), <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> (Ps.-Dsc.) plantname (Redard 75), <b class="b3">-άς</b> f. = <b class="b3">ὄνοσμα</b> (Dsc.); <b class="b3">ὀδμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὀσμ-άομαι</b> <b class="b2">to scent</b> (ion., Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ησις</b> (Aret.). -- 2. From the present: <b class="b3">ὄζ-αινα</b> f. = <b class="b3">ὀσμύλη</b> (Call.), <b class="b2">stinking adenoid</b> (Gal.) with <b class="b3">-αινικός</b> [[belonging to the ὄζαινα]] (Ps.-Dsc.); <b class="b3">ὄζολις</b> f. = <b class="b3">ὀσμόλη</b> (Arist.); <b class="b3">ὄζη</b> f. <b class="b2">malodorant breath</b> (Cels.), [[skin of the wild ass]] (Suid.; because of the smell); <b class="b3">ὀζηλίς ἡ βοτάνη</b> (Theognost.); <b class="b3">ὀζώδης</b> = <b class="b3">ὀδμώδης</b> (EM, sch.); also <b class="b3">Όζόλαι</b> m. pl. name of a Locrian people (Hdt., Str., Plu. with diff. interpretations)? Lengthened present <b class="b3">ὀζαίνομαι</b> = <b class="b3">ὄζω</b> (Sophr.; after <b class="b3">ὀσφραίνομαι</b>; Schwyzer 733 w. lit.). -- 3. From the perf.: <b class="b3">ὀδωδή</b> f. [[scent]] (AP). -- 4. <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> in <b class="b3">εὑ-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">sweet-smelling, odorous</b> (Il.) etc.; very productive with quite faded meaning (Chantraine Form. 429 ff., Schwyzer 426 w. lit.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [772] <b class="b2">*h₃ed-</b> [[smell]]<br />Etymology: Apart from the perf. <b class="b3">ὄδωδα</b> all verbal forms are innovations based on the pres. <b class="b3">ὄζω</b>. The derivations too are based largely on th present. On its own are however <b class="b3">ὀδωδή</b> (derived from the perfect?), but also the in Greek isolated <b class="b3">ὀδμή</b> and <b class="b3">-ώδης</b>. Both can be old, if <b class="b3">ὀδμή</b> agrees with Alb. <b class="b2">amë</b> <b class="b2">unpleasant smell</b> (IE <b class="b2">*od-mā</b>), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> represents the s-stem of Lat. [[odor]], OLat. [[odōs]], prob. seen also in Arm. [[hot]], gen. <b class="b2">-oy</b> (h- second.) [[smell]], [[odour]], IE <b class="b2">*odos-</b>, either with compositional lengthening or with old lengthened grade (IE <b class="b2">*ōdos-</b>; cf. Lith. <b class="b2">úodžiu</b> below) as in Arm. <b class="b2">-ut</b> (e.g. <b class="b2">hr-ut</b> = <b class="b3">πυρώδης</b> from [[hur]] = <b class="b3">πῦρ</b>) beside <b class="b2">-ot</b> (e.g. <b class="b2">bor-ot</b> <b class="b2">w. florescence</b>). However <b class="b3">ὀσμή</b> not with Brugmann Grundr.2 II: 1, 251 a.o. from <b class="b3">*ὀδ-σ-μά</b> but purely phonetically from <b class="b3">ὀδ-μά</b>, s. Schwyzer 208; cf. also [[ὀσφραίνομαι]]. -- Both IE <b class="b2">*od-mā</b> and <b class="b2">*odos-</b> presuppose a primary rootpresent, which is retained in themat. form in Lat. <b class="b2">ol-ō</b>, <b class="b2">ol-ere</b> (with [[l]] for [[d]]); beside it the more usual innovation <b class="b2">ol-e-ō</b>, <b class="b2">-ēre</b> (after the intransitives). The yot-pressent <b class="b3">ὄζω</b> differs only in the vowellength from Balt., e.g. Lith. <b class="b2">úodžiu</b> [[smell]]; we now know that the Baltic form has a long vowel because of Winter's Law (lengthening before voiced consonant). Arm. <b class="b2">hot-im</b> [[smell]] is a denominative of [[hot]] (s. above). To the redupl. perf. <b class="b3">ὄδ-ωδ-α</b> presents the Arm. pres. <b class="b2">hot-ot-im</b> (with intensive reduplication) a close formal parallel. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 1, 174, Pok. 772f., W.-Hofmann s. [[odor]], Ernout-Meillet s. [[odor]] (important for the morphology); cf. Porzig Gliederung 177 and Satzinhalte 289.