στερεός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">stiff, hard, firm, tenacious, steady, solid, normal, by the rules</b> (of money and measure) Il., [[cubic]] (s. Mugler Dict. géom. 378f.), rarely [[infertile]] (E., Arist.).<br />Other forms: Att. also <b class="b3">στερρός</b>.<br />Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in <b class="b3">στερεο-μετρ-ία</b> f. <b class="b2">the measuring of cubic bodies, stereometry</b> (Pl. Epin., Arist. a.o.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">στερε-ότης</b> (<b class="b3">-ρρ-</b>) f. [[hardness]], [[firmness]], also [[infertility]] (Pl., Arist. etc.); <b class="b3">στερε-όομαι</b> (<b class="b3">-ρρ-</b>), <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b2">to become, make firm, hard etc., to harden</b> (Hp., X., Arist. a.o.) with <b class="b3">στερέ-ωμα</b> n. [[firmness]], [[solid component]], [[firmament]] (Hp., Arist. etc.), <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> f. [[to harden]] (LXX, Str. a.o.), <b class="b3">-ωματίζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ωτής</b>. Enlarged <b class="b3">στερέ-ϊνος</b> [[hard]] (pap. Ip, after <b class="b3">πέτρ-</b>, <b class="b3">ξύλ-ινος</b> a.o.). -- Besides <b class="b3">στέριφος</b> [[hard]], [[firm]], [[infertile]] (Att., Arist. etc.) with <b class="b3">στεριφ-ότης</b> (sch.), <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> [[to solidify]] (Ph.) with <b class="b3">-ώματα</b> n. pl. [[solid foundation]], <b class="b3">-ευομένη παρθενευομένη</b> H. -- Also <b class="b3">στερέμνιος</b> [[hard]], [[firm]], [[solid]] (Pl. Epin., Epicur., Phld. a.o.) with <b class="b3">-ιώδης</b> (Porph.), <b class="b3">-ιόομαι</b> (Zeno).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1022] <b class="b2">*ster-</b> [[stiff]], [[fixed]], [[solid]]<br />Etymology: If from <b class="b3">*στερεϜός</b>, <b class="b3">στερεός</b>, from where <b class="b3">στερρός</b> (details in Scheller Oxytonierung 114 w. n.4; diff. Forbes Glotta 36, 269 f.), would agree with <b class="b3">ἐτε(Ϝ)ός</b>, <b class="b3">κενε(Ϝ)ός</b> a.o. In <b class="b3">στεριφος</b> [[unfertile]] Leummann Glotta 42, 118 wants to see a derivation from the phonetic antecedent of <b class="b3">στεῖρα</b> after the animal names in <b class="b3">-φος</b> (<b class="b3">ἔριφος</b>, <b class="b3">ἔλαφος</b> a.o.) with change from [[unfertile]] to [[hard]]. For <b class="b3">στερέμνιος</b> a <b class="b3">μ(ε)ν-</b>derivation must be supposed (<b class="b3">*στέρεμνον</b>, <b class="b3">*στέρεμα</b>); cf. <b class="b3">βέλε-μν-α</b>, <b class="b3">ἔρυ-μα</b> (Schwyzer 489), also the synonymous <b class="b3">ἀ-τέρα-μνος</b> (s. v.). -- The above formations are based on an unattested word IE <b class="b2">*ster-</b>, to which with <b class="b2">o-</b>derivation the Germ. word for [[starr]], a.o. in OHG [[stara-blint]] [[blind]] with OHG [[starēn]] [[stare]], with expressive gemination NHG [[starr]] with MHG [[starren]], NHG (<b class="b2">er)starren</b>. Toch. B <b class="b2">ścire</b> [[hard]], [[stiff]] is unclear (<b class="b2">*stero-</b> or <b class="b2">*stĩro-</b>), s. Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 167f., Pedersen Zur toch. Sprachgesch. 19 w. lit. -- Here also 2. <b class="b3">στεῖρα</b> [[stem]] and, with very ancient special meaning, 1. <b class="b3">στεῖρα</b> [[unfertile]] (s. vv.). -- To the same family belong numerous further words with varying formation and different enlargements, s. [[στέρφος]], [[στρηνής]], [[στόρθυγξ]], [[στηρίζω]], [[στριφνός]] and WP. 2, 627ff., Pok. 1022ff. -- The group of words is unclear and needs further research.