νήπιος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α (<span class="bibl">Sor.1.7</span>, al.), Ion. η, ον, also ος, ον Lyc.638:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[infant]], [[child]], freq. in Hom., νήπιον, οὔ πω εἰδόθ' ὁμοιίου πολέμοιο <span class="bibl">Il.9.440</span>; νήπια τέκνα <span class="bibl">2.136</span>, etc.; βρέφος ἔτ' ὄντα ν. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>1399</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Andr.</span>755</span>, etc.; νηπίους ἔτι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>956</span>; τὸ ν. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>366d</span>; ἁρμόττουσα τοῖς ν. [πλαταγή] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1340b30</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ νηπίου</b> from [[a child]], from [[infancy]], [τὸ ἡδὺ] ἐκ ν. ἡμῖν συντέθραπται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1105a2</span>; ἐκ νηπίων <span class="bibl">Plb.4.20.8</span>; ἐκ ν. ἡλικίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>36.5</span> (iv A.D.); [[infant]] in law, [[minor]], ἐφ' ὅσον ὁ κληρονόμος ν. ἐστιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>4.1</span>; of children up to puberty, αἱ τῶν ν. ἐκλάμψιες <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>6.1.4</span> (cf. Herophil. ap. Gal.17(1).826); but of the foetus in its early stage, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>4.1</span> (cf. Gal.17(1).653). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> less freq. of animals, <span class="bibl">Il.2.311</span>, <span class="bibl">11.113</span>; <b class="b3">νήπια</b> alone, [[the young]] of an animal, <span class="bibl">17.134</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of plants, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>8.1.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> metaph., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of the understanding, [[childish]], [[silly]], <span class="bibl">Od.13.237</span>; μέγα ν. <span class="bibl">Il.16.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.9.44</span>; simply, [[without foresight]], [[blind]], <span class="bibl">Il.22.445</span>; ἀνὴρ ν. <span class="bibl">Heraclit.79</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Emp.11.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.82</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>443</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.76</span>, etc.; ν. ὃς… γονέων ἐπιλάθεται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>145</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">οὔτε πρὶν νήπιον, νῦν τ'… μέγαν</b> no [[child]] before and now full-grown (i.e. in mind), <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span> 652</span> (lyr.); of words, νήπια βάζεις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>157</span>; ἀντιτείνειν νήπι' ἀντὶ νηπίων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>891</span>; μηδὲν εἴπῃς ν. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>105</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of bodily strength, [[like that of a child]], βίη δέ τε ν. αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">Il.11.561</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">still unmündig, young, weak, childish, unwise, foolish</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in <b class="b3">νηπιό-φρων</b> [[childish being]], [[thoughtless]] (Str.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">νηπιέη</b> f. [[childishness]], [[childish behaviour]], [[thoughtlessness]] (Hom.) with Aeol. <b class="b3">-έη</b> for <b class="b3">-ίη</b>, prob. after <b class="b3">ἠνορέη</b> (Leumann Hom. Wörter 110 A. 72, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 83, Porzig Satzinhalte 206); after it <b class="b3">νηπίεος</b> = <b class="b3">νήπιος</b> (Opp.); <b class="b3">νηπιότης</b> f. [[childishness]] (Pl., Arist.); <b class="b3">νηπιάζω</b> [[be childish]] (Hp. Ep., Erinn., 1 Ep. Kor. 14, 20 u.a.). -- Expressive enlargements: 1. <b class="b3">νηπίαχος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il.; Chantraine Form. 403) with <b class="b3">-αχεύω</b> [[be childish]], [[play childrens plays]] (X 502, verse-end; metr. conditioned, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 95 a. 368), <b class="b3">-άχω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (A. R., Mosch., Opp.), prob. after <b class="b3">στενάχω</b>, <b class="b3">ἰάχω</b>; s. also Schwyzer 722f. -- 2. <b class="b3">νηπύτιος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Il., Ar. Nu. 868, Orph.) mit <b class="b3">-ίη</b> (A. R.), <b class="b3">-ιεύομαι</b> (AP); cf. below.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. Unconvincing attempts by Osthoff MU 4, 66f. a. 86f. (s. Bq and WP. 2, 13) and Specht KZ 56, 122f.: to <b class="b3">ἀνηπελίη ἀσθένεια</b> H., <b class="b3">ὀλιγηπελέων</b> (s.v.) etc. (agreeing Fraenkel, e.g. Gnomon 21, 39; doubts by Kretschmer Glotta 20, 253); in <b class="b3">νηπ-ύτιος</b> Specht sees a correspondence with the Lith. diminutive suffix <b class="b2">-utis</b> (e.g. <b class="b2">maž-ùtis</b> [[small]]). Not better Lacroix Mél. Desrousseaux 261ff.: from <b class="b3">ν(ε</b>)- [[not]] and <b class="b3">ἔπιος</b>; Pisani Arch. glottol. it. 31, 49ff.: from <b class="b3">ν(ε</b>)- and <b class="b3">*ἄπιος</b> (to Lat. [[apiscor]] etc.) [Note that Greek has no certain instances of <b class="b3">νε-</b>'.