ἕρπω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> εἷρπον <span class="bibl">Od.12.395</span> codd., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>423</span>, etc., ἧρπον <span class="title">IG</span>4.951.86 (Epid.): Dor.fut. ἑρψῶ <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.45</span>, <span class="bibl">18.40</span>, Att. only in compd. <b class="b3">ἐφέρψω</b>, later <b class="b3">ἑρπύσω</b> (διεξ-) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mu.</span>398b33</span> : aor. <b class="b3">ἧρψα</b> (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>104(105).30</span> ; Att. εἵρπῠσα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>272</span> : (cf. Lat. <b class="b2">serpo):—move slowly, walk</b>, ἥμενος ἤ ἕρπων <span class="bibl">Od.17.158</span> ; ὅσσα τε γαῖανἔπι πνείει τε καὶ ἕρπει <span class="bibl">Il.17.447</span> ; ἔργα ζωοῖσιν ἑρπόντεσσί θ' ὁμοῖα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.52</span> ; <b class="b3">ἕρπον</b> (<b class="b3">εἷρπον</b> codd.) ῥινοί [[began to move]], <span class="bibl">Od.12.395</span> ; of infants, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>17</span> ; of a lame man, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>207</span> (lyr.) ; ἕ. ἐξ εὐνῆς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>552</span> ; <b class="b3">ἕρπον τοῖς ὀδοῦσι θηρίον</b> an animal that [[walks]] on its teeth, <span class="title">Carm.Pop.</span>35. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> simply, [[go]], [[come]], in Dor. dialects, where the aor. is <b class="b3">ἔμολον, ἦνθον</b>, etc., εἰς τὸ ἱερόν <span class="title">IG</span>4.951.86 (Epid.), cf. <span class="title">GDI</span>5040.39 (Crete), <span class="title">BMus.Inscr.</span>968<span class="title">A</span>6 (Cos), etc., cf. [[καθέρπω]] : also freq. in Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>810</span>, etc. ; ἕρπεθ' ὡς τάχιστα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1643</span> ; Θησεὺς ὅδ' ἕρπει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1154</span> ; <b class="b3">ἕρπειν ἐς μῦθον, πρὸς ᾠδάς</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hel.</span>316</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyc.</span>423</span> ; <b class="b3">ἕρπε δεῦρο</b> [[come]] hither, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>722</span> : and c. acc. cogn., ἐξόδους ἕ. κενάς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>287</span> ; κέλευθον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1223</span> ; εὐθεῖαν ἕρπε τήνδε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>195</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of things, events, etc., ἕρπει ἄντα τῶ σιδάρω τὸ καλῶς κιθαρίσδην <span class="bibl">Alcm.35</span> ; βότρυς ἐπ' ἦμαρ ἕρπει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>255</span> ; ἥβη ἕρπουσα πρόσω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>547</span> ; of a tear [[stealing]] from the eye, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1231</span> ; πρὸς τὸν ἔχονθ' ὁ φθόνος ἕρπει <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>157</span> ; τὸ ἐς αὔριον αἰεὶ τυφλὸν ἕρπει <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>593</span> ; <b class="b3">τοῦτο γὰρ ἀθάνατον φωνᾶεν ἕρπει</b> this (word) [[goeth forth]] undying, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).40</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ πόλεμος ἑρπέτω</b> [[let]] it [[take its course]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>673</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>129</span> ; of [[coming]] events, εἰ δὲ δαίμων γενέθλιος ἕρποι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.105</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>4.43</span>, <span class="bibl">7.68</span> ; of calamities, [[come suddenly]] on one, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>585</span>,<span class="bibl">618</span> (both lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>1087</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">crawl, slink, go on all four</b>, Dor. also [[go]] in gen. (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">ἑρπύσαι</b> (Att.; cf. <b class="b3">ἑρπύζω</b> below), <b class="b3">ἕρψαι</b> (LXX), fut. <b class="b3">ἕρψω</b>, also <b class="b3">ἑρπύσω</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">ἑρψῶ</b>,<br />Compounds: very often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>. As 1. member in <b class="b3">ἑρπ-άκανθα</b> = <b class="b3">ἄκανθος</b> (Ps.-Dsc.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">εΏρπετόν</b> n. [[animal that goes]], [[crawls on all fours]] as opposed to birds (<b class="b3">πετεινά</b>) and men (Ion.-Att., δ 418; Aeol. <b class="b3">ὄρπετον</b> with zero grade, cf. below; on the formation Schwyzer 502, Chantraine Formation 299); <b class="b3">ἕρπης</b>, <b class="b3">-ητος</b> m. <b class="b2">shingles(?)</b> (Hp.; Schwyzer 499, Chantraine 267), <b class="b3">ἑρπήν</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆνος</b> m. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ph.; after <b class="b3">λειχήν</b> a. o.; also <b class="b3">ἑρπήνη</b> EM) with <b class="b3">ἑρπηνώδης</b> (Ph.); <b class="b3">ἕρπηλα</b> a shell-fish (Ath.; form uncertain); <b class="b3">ἑρπηδών</b>, <b class="b3">-όνος</b> f. [[crawling]] (Nic.; Chantraine 360f.); <b class="b3">ἑρπηστής</b> [[crawling animals]] (Nic., AP; rare like <b class="b3">τευχηστής</b> a. o.; Chantraine 317); - <b class="b3">ἕρπυλλος</b> m. f. [[tufted thyme]] (Com.; after it Lat. [[serpullum]]) with <b class="b3">ἑρπύλλ-ιον</b>, <b class="b3">-άριον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> and <b class="b3">ἑρπυλλίς</b> [[grasshopper]] (H.; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 17); uncertain <b class="b3">ἑρπυξή</b> (Dsc. 3, 69; after <b class="b3">πύξος</b>?; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 111). - <b class="b3">ἕρψις</b> [[crawling]] (Pl., Arist.). - An expressive enlargement is <b class="b3">ἑρπύζω</b> [[crawl]] (Il.; cf. Schwyzer 736, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 336), to which belongs the Attic aorist <b class="b3">ἑρπύσαι</b> (after <b class="b3">ἐρύσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἑλκύσαι</b>?); from there <b class="b3">ἑρπυστικός</b> (Hp., Arist.) and rare and late <b class="b3">ἕρπυσις</b>, <b class="b3">-υσμός</b>, <b class="b3">-υστήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-υστής</b>, <b class="b3">-υστάζω</b>. - On [[ὅρπηξ]] [[sprout]], [[twig]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [912] <b class="b2">*serp-</b> [[crawl]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">ἕρπω</b> is identical with Skt. <b class="b2">sárpati</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, Lat. [[serpō]] <b class="b2">id.</b>. The zero grade in Aeol. <b class="b3">ὄρπετον</b> also in the Skt. thematic root aorist <b class="b2">á-sr̥p-at</b>. Several languages have derived indications of the snake: Skt. <b class="b2">sarpá-</b> m., Lat. [[serpens]], Alb. <b class="b2">gjarpër</b>. - On meaning and spread of <b class="b3">ἕρπω</b> Bloch Suppl. Verba 71ff. Details in W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[serpō]].