περιβάλλω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. -[[βᾰλῶ]] : aor. [[περιέβᾰλον]] (v. infr.) :—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[throw round]], [[about]], or [[over]], [[put on]] or [[over]], c. acc. rei, φίλας περὶ χεῖρε βαλόντε <span class="bibl">Od. 11.211</span>; περὶ πτερὰ πυκνὰ βαλόντες <span class="bibl">Il.11.454</span>; περὶ δ' ἄντυγα βάλλε φαεινήν <span class="bibl">18.479</span>; π. χέρας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>914</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1044</span>: freq. c. dat., χέρας π. τινί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1459</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">περὶ δ' ὠλένας δέρᾳ… βάλοιμι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">165</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. τινὶ δεσμά, βρόχους</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>52</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>619</span>; Τροίᾳ ζευκτήριον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 529</span>; κρατὶ π. σκότον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1159</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινὰ χαλκεύματι</b> [[put]] him [[round]] the sword, i. e. stab him, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>576</span>; also <b class="b3">περὶ τὰ στέρνα θώρηκας π</b>. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.215</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.85</span>; αἱμασιὴν π. κατὰ τὸν κύκλον <span class="bibl">Id.7.60</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ ἕρμα π. ναῦν</b> [[wreck]] it [[on]]... <span class="bibl">Th.7.25</span>:—Med., [[throw round]] or [[over oneself]], [[put on]], c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">περιβαλλόμενοι τεύχεα</b> [[putting on their]] arms, <span class="bibl">Od.22.148</span>; περὶ δὲ ζώνην βάλετ' ἰξυῖ <span class="bibl">5.231</span>; ξίφος περὶ στιβαροῖς βάλετ' ὤμοις <span class="bibl">14.528</span>; <b class="b3">εἷμα, φᾶρος περιβάλλεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.152</span>, <span class="bibl">9.109</span>; φάρεα καὶ πλοκάμους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1150</span>(lyr.); κόσμον σώμασιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>334</span>; κύκλον ὅσον περιβάλλεται αἰθήρ <span class="bibl">Hermesian.7.87</span>; freq. of defences, τεῖχος καὶ σωτηρίην περιβαλέσθαι τοῖς τε χρήμασι καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν <span class="bibl">Democr.280</span>; also ὅταν περιβάλωνται χειρις μοὺς παραλλάττοντας Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.8 S.; π. ἕρκος ἔρυμα τῶν νεῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.96</span>; τείχεα <span class="bibl">Id.1.141</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.46</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.8</span> ; ταῖς πόλεσιν ἐρύματα περιβάλλονται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.14</span>; Πελοποννήσῳ π. ἓν τεῖχος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1276a27</span>; <b class="b3">λιμένι τεῖχος, χάρακα τῇ παρεμβολῇ</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.4.65.11</span>, <span class="bibl">5.20.5</span> ; also <b class="b3">περὶ τὴν Πελοπόννησον τεῖχος π</b>. <span class="bibl">Lys.2.45</span>: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">τεῖχος περιβαλέσθαι πόλιν</b> [[build]] a wall [[round]] it, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.163</span> : in pf. Pass., [[have]] a thing [[put round one]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>216d</span> ; <b class="b3">τὸ τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος</b> [[having]] his wall [[around]] him, [[encompassed by]] it, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 174e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1331a8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[put round]] or [[upon]] a person, i. e. [[invest]] him [[with]] it, <b class="b3">π. τινὶ ἀγαθόν</b> (i. e. [[βασιληΐην]]), [[τυραννίδα]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.129</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>829</span> ; π. σωτηρίαν [τισί] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>304</span>; ὕδασι δουλείαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>189</span> (lyr.); οἶκτον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>934</span>; <b class="b3">τινὶ π. ἀνανδρίαν</b>, i.e. make him faint-hearted, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>1031</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν αἰτίαν τῷ ἰατρῷ</b> [[impute]] blame to... <span class="bibl">Pall.<span class="title">in Hp.</span>12.283</span> C.:—Pass., c. acc., to [[be involved in]], μεγίστην ζημίαν τὸ ταμεῖον περιβληθήσεται <span class="title">SIG</span>888.87 (Scaptopara, iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> reversely c. dat. rei, [[surround]], [[encompass with]]... <b class="b3">περιβαλεῖν πλῆθος τῶν ἰχθύων</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τῷ ἀμφιβλήστρῳ</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.141</span>; βρόχῳ π. τὸν αὐχένα <span class="bibl">Id.4.60</span> (tm.); [<b class="b3">Βόσπορον] πέδαις π</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>748</span>; π. τινὰ ὑφάσματι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>25</span>; δοραῖσι σῶμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>330</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὰ χερσί</b> embrace, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>372</span> :—Med., [[surround]] or [[enclose for one's advantage]] or [[defence]], τὴν νῆσον π. τείχει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>116a</span>; χωρίον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.30</span>; <b class="b3">π. θύννους</b> [[net]] them, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span> 537a20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">533b25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph., <b class="b3">π. τινὰ κακῷ, συμφοραῖς</b>, [[involve]] one in evil or calamity, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>906</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.2.12</span> ; ἀνηκέστοις πόλιν συμφοραῖς <span class="bibl">And.1.142</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.4.20</span>; ὀνείδει <span class="bibl">D.22.35</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινὰ φυγῇ</b>, i.e. banish him, Plu.2.775c; τινὰ κλοπῆς καταδίκῃ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Arist.</span>4</span> :— Pass., [[[συμφοραῖς]]] <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Piet.</span>35b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> c. acc. only, [[encompass]], [[surround]], <b class="b3">περιβάλλει με σκότος, νέφος</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1453</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>1140</span> ; <b class="b3">π. ἀλλήλους</b> [[embrace]] each other, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.7.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Pk.</span>36</span>, <span class="bibl">111</span>; also, [[clothe]], τινα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>25.36</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ περιβεβλημένον</b> [[the space enclosed]], [[enclosure]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.91</span>; cf. περίβολος <span class="bibl">11.2</span> :—Med., <b class="b3">ἤλαυνον περιβαλόμενοι [τὰ ὑποζύγια]</b> [[surrounding]] them, <span class="bibl">Id.9.39</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[fetch a compass round]], [[double]], ἵπποι περὶ τέρμα βαλοῦσαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.462</span> ; esp. of ships, [[round]] a cape, π. τὸν Ἄθων <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.44</span>; Σούνιον <span class="bibl">Th.8.95</span> : abs., of a hare, [[double]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>5.29</span>, <span class="bibl">6.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[amplify]], [[expand]], λόγον <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Id.</span>1.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11</span>: abs., ib.<span class="bibl">3</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> Med., <b class="b2">bring into one's power, compass</b>, ἰδίῃ π. ἑωυτῷ κέρδεα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.71</span>; πολλὰ [χρήματα] <span class="bibl">Id.8.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.190</span>; <b class="b3">σωφροσύνης δόξαν π</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.2.6</span>; τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν πραγμάτων περιβαλλόμενος <span class="bibl">D.18.231</span> ; πλῆθος λείας <span class="bibl">Plb.1.29.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.69.7</span> : pf. Pass., [[to have come into possession of]]... πόλιν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.24</span>; δυναστείας <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.184</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[appropriate mentally]], [[comprehend]], περιβάλλεσθαι τῇ διανοίᾳ τὰς πράξεις <span class="bibl">Id.5.118</span>; <b class="b3">πολλὰ περιβεβλῆσθαι πράγματα</b> [[to have aimed at learning]] many things, <span class="bibl">Men.683</span>; logically, <b class="b3">ξύμπαντα τὰ οἰκεῖα… γένους τινὸς οὐσίᾳ π</b>. [[embrace]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>285b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[use circumlocution]], <b class="b3">κομψῶς κύκλῳ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>222c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>272d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> [[throw beyond]], [[beat in throwing]]: hence generally, [[excel]], [[surpass]], μνηστῆρας δώροισι <span class="bibl">Od.15.17</span> ; <b class="b3">π. ἀρετῇ</b> [[to be superior]] in... <span class="bibl">Il.23.276</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b3">π. τὸ λουτρόν</b> [[take]] a bath, <span class="bibl">Cass.<span class="title">Pr.</span>5</span> ; <b class="b3">π. πρὸς λουτρόν</b> ibid.</span>