αἰών: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ῶνος, ὁ, Ion. and Ep. also ἡ, as in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.186</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1484</span>: apocop. acc. [[αἰῶ]], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> like [[Ποσειδῶ]], restored by Ahrens (from <span class="title">AB</span>363) in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>350</span>: (properly [[αἰϝών]], cf. [[aevum]], v. [[αἰεί]]):—[[period of existence]] (τὸ τέλος τὸ περιέχον τὸν τῆς ἑκάστου ζωῆς χρόνον… αἰὼν ἑκάστου κέκληται <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>279a25</span>): </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[lifetime]], [[life]], ψυχή τε καὶ αἰών <span class="bibl">Il.16.453</span>; ἐκ δ' αἰ. πέφαται <span class="bibl">Il.19.27</span>; μηδέ τοι αἰ. φθινέτω <span class="bibl">Od.5.160</span>; λείπει τινά <span class="bibl">Il.5.685</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπ' αἰῶνος νέος ὤλεο</b> (Zenod. [[νέον]]) <span class="bibl">24.725</span>; τελευτᾶν τὸν αἰῶνα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>, etc.; αἰῶνος στερεῖν τινά <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>862</span>; αἰῶνα διοιχνεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>315</span>; συνδιατρίβειν <span class="bibl">Cratin. 1</span>; <b class="b3">αἰ. Αἰακιδᾶν</b>, periphr. for [[the Aeacidae]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>645</span> s. v. l.; ἀπέπνευσεν αἰῶνα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>801</span>; ἐμὸν κατ' αἰῶνα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>219</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[age]], [[generation]], <b class="b3">αἰ. ἐς τρίτον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">744</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μέλλων αἰών</b> [[posterity]], <span class="bibl">D.18.199</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>370c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">one's life, destiny, lot</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>34</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1215</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>30</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[long space of time]], [[age]], <b class="b3">αἰὼν γίγνεται</b> 'tis [[an age]], <span class="bibl">Men.536.5</span>; esp. with Preps., <b class="b3">ἀπ' αἰῶνος</b> [[of old]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>609</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>1.70</span>; οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰ. Ῥωμαῖοι <span class="bibl">D.C. 63.20</span>; <b class="b3">δι' αἰῶνος</b> [[perpetually]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>563</span>; <b class="b2">all one's life long</b>, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">El.</span>1024</span>; <b class="b3">δι' αἰῶνος μακροῦ, ἀπαύστου</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>582</span>,<span class="bibl">574</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν δι' αἰ. χρόνον</b> [[for ever]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>554</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">Lycurg.106</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.62</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τὸν αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>3.23</span>, al., <span class="bibl">D.S.21.17</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>8.35</span>, Ps.-Luc. <span class="title">Philopatr.</span>17; εἰς αἰῶνα αἰῶνος <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>131(132).14</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ αἰῶνος καὶ ἕως αἰῶνος</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Je.</span>7.7</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπ' αἰ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ex.</span>15.18</span>; <b class="b3">ἕως αἰῶνος</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ki.</span>1.22</span>, al.:— without a Prep., <b class="b3">τὸν ἅπαντα αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Cael.</span>279a22</span>; τὸν αἰῶνα <span class="bibl">Lycurg. 62</span>, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.8U.</span>; [[eternity]], opp. [[χρόνος]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>37d</span>, cf. Metrod. <span class="title">Fr.</span>37, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.496</span>,<span class="bibl">619</span>, <span class="bibl">Plot.3.7.5</span>, etc.; τοὺς ὑπὲρ τοῦ αἰῶνος φόβους <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Sent.</span>20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[space of time]] clearly defined and marked out, [[epoch]], [[age]], <b class="b3">ὁ αἰὼν οὗτος</b> this present [[world]], opp. <b class="b3">ὁ μέλλων</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>13.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>12.2</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ νῦν αἰ</b>. 1 Ep.Tim.<span class="bibl">6.17</span>, ''2 Ep.Tim''.<span class="bibl">4.10</span>:—hence in pl., [[the ages]], i.e. [[eternity]], Phld.<span class="title">D.</span>3 <span class="title">Fr.</span>84; εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰ. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">To.</span>13.4</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τοὺς αἰ</b>.ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Si.</span>45.24</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>1.25</span>, etc.; εἰς τοὺς αἰ. τῶν αἰώνων <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">4 Ma.</span>18.24</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Phil.</span>4.20</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῶν αἰ., πρὸ τῶν αἰ</b>., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Eph.</span>3.9</span>, ''1''<span class="title">Cor.</span>2.7; <b class="b3">τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰ</b>. ib.10.11. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[Αἰών]], [[ὁ]], personified, Αἰὼν Χρόνου παῖς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>900</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="title">Corp.Herm.</span>11, etc.; as title of various divine beings, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>151</span>, al.; esp.=Persian Zervan, Suid. s.v. [[Ἡρασκος]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> Pythag., = <span class="bibl">10</span>, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>59. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> [[spinal marrow]] (perh. regarded as seat of life), h.Merc 42, 119, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>111</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.122</span>; perh. also <span class="bibl">Il.19.27</span>.</span>

|astxt=[[αἰών]], -ῶνος, ὁ, [in LXX [[chiefly]] for עַד ,עוֹלָם;] <br /><b class="num">1.</b>in cl., [[like]] Lat. [[aevum]] (LS, MM, VGT, s.v.), a [[space]] of [[time]], as, a [[lifetime]], [[generation]], [[period]] of [[history]], an [[indefinitely]] [[long]] [[period]]; in NT of an [[indefinitely]] [[long]] [[period]], an [[age]], [[eternity]], [[usually]] c. prep. (MM, VGT);<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>of the [[past]]: ἀπ’ αἰ. (cf. Heb. מֵעוֹלָם), Lk 1:70; <br /><b class="num">(b)</b>of the [[future]]: [[εἰς]] τ. αἰ. (cf. לְעוֹלָם), forever, Mt 21:19; id., c. neg., [[never]], Jo 4:14; [[more]] [[strongly]], [[εἰς]] τὸν αἰ. [[τοῦ]] αἰ., He 1:8 (LXX); [[εἰς]] τοὺς αἰ., Mt 6:13; [[εἰς]] τοὺς αἰ. [[τῶν]] αἰ. (cf. Is 45:17, עַד־עוֹלְמֵי עַד), Ro 16:27, LT; cf. [[also]] Eph 3:21, II Pe 3:18, Ju 25, Re 14:11. <br /><b class="num">2.</b>οἱ αἰ., the worlds, the [[universe]], "the [[sum]] of the periods of [[time]], including [[all]] [[that]] is manifested in [[them]]": He :12 11:3 (cf. I Ti 1:17, [[where]] [[τῶν]] αἰ. are prob. "the ages or [[world]]-periods [[which]] [[when]] summed up [[make]] [[eternity]]". <br /><b class="num">3.</b>the [[present]] [[age]] (Heb. הָעוֹלָם הַזֶּה): ὁ αἰ., Mt 13:22; ὁ αἰ. [[οὗτος]], Mt 12:32; ὁ [[νῦν]] αἰ., I Ti 6:17; ὁ ἐνεστὼς αἰ., Ga 1:4; [[similarly]], of the [[time]] [[after]] Christ's [[second]] [[coming]] (הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא), ὁ αἰ. [[ἐκεῖνος]], Lk 20:35; ὁ αἰ. μέλλων, Mt 12:32; ὁ αἰ. ὁ ἐρχόμενος, Mk 10:30.SYN.: [[κόσμος]], the [[ordered]] [[universe]], the [[scheme]] of [[material]] things; [[οἰκουμένη]], the [[inhabited]] [[earth]]; in [[contrast]] [[with]] [[both]] of [[which]] αἰ. is the [[world]] [[under]] aspects of [[time]] (cf. Westc. on He 1:2; Tr., Syn., §lix; Thayer, s.v., αἰ.; Cremer, 74, 620; MM, VGT).

|etymtx=-ῶνος<br />Grammatical information: m., also f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">(life)time, long time, eternity</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: [[αἰέν]] adv. [[always]]<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [17] <b class="b2">*h₂ei-u-</b><br />Etymology: From <b class="b3">*αἰϜών</b>, an <b class="b2">n-</b>stem, also seen in the old loc. [[αἰέν]]; <b class="b2">s-</b>stem in [[αἰῶ]] and [[αἰές]], [[αἰεί]] (q.v.). - On the meaning in general Stadtmüller Saeculum 2, 315ff. - Neuter <b class="b2">u-</b>stem Skt. <b class="b2">áyu</b>, Av. [[aiiu]], gen. [[yaoš]], dat. [[yauuoi]] from <b class="b2">*h₂oiu</b>, <b class="b2">*h₂i-eu-s</b>, <b class="b2">*h₂i-eu-ei</b>. Latin has the <b class="b2">o-</b>stem [[aevus]] < <b class="b2">*h₂ei-u-o-</b>, Gothic an <b class="b2">i-</b>stem [[aiwins]] (acc. pl.). An old derivation is Lat. [[iuvenis]], Skt. <b class="b2">yúvan-</b> [[young man]] from <b class="b2">*h₂iu-Hen-</b> (having vital strength). Derived from this word is Lith. <b class="b2">jáunas</b>, OCS [[junъ]] [[young]] and Goth. [[jund]] [[youth]] < <b class="b2">*h₂iu-Hn-ti-</b>. - See on [[οὐ]].