γίγνομαι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[be born]], [[become]], [[arise]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Ion. etc. [[γίνομαι]] (with assimilation and lengthening, Schwyzer 215), Thess. Boeot. [[γίνυμαι]] (innovation, Schwyzer 698), Cret. [[γίννομαι]], aor. [[γενέσθαι]], perf. [[γέγονα]], [[γέγαμεν]], [[γεγαώς]], Med. (new) [[γεγένημαι]], fut. [[γενήσομαι]]; recent Att. etc. [[γενηθῆναι]] and [[γενηθήσομαι]]; transitive <b class="b2">s-</b>aorist [[γείνασθαι]] (ep. etc., < <b class="b3">*γεν-σ-</b>; s. Schwyzer 756 and Wackernagel Unt. 175), alo [[γεινόμεθα]], <b class="b3">-μενος</b> (either for <b class="b3">γί(γ)νομαι</b>, Schwyzer 715, or for <b class="b3">γεν-</b> with metrical lengthening); athemat. root aorist [[ἔγεντο]] (Hes.; analog. innovation, s. Schwyzer 678f. m. Lit.)<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">-γνη-τος</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">κασί-γνη-τος</b> [[brother]] (q.v.) and <b class="b3">-γν-ος</b> in <b class="b3">νεο-γν-ός</b> [[newborn]] (h. Hom.), with <b class="b3">ιο-</b> in <b class="b3">ὁμό-γν-ιος</b> [[of the same origin]]<br />Derivatives: [[γένος]] ([[γενικός]], <b class="b3">-γενής</b>) and [[γόνος]], [[γονή]] ([[γονεύς]] [[parent]]). [[γενεά]], Ion. <b class="b3">-ή</b> [[lineage]] (Il.; s. Chantr. Form. 91). <b class="b3">γενέ-θλη</b> (Il.) and <b class="b3">γένε-θλον</b> (A.) <b class="b2">id.</b> with [[γενέθλιος]] and [[γενεθλιακός]], [[γενεθλίδιος]], [[γενεθλίωμα]], [[γενεθλιάζω]]. <b class="b3">γενε-τή</b> [[birth]] (Hom.); hypocor. [[Γενετυλλίς]] name of Aphrodite as protectress of birth (Ar.;). <b class="b3">γένε-σις</b> [[birth]], [[origin]] (Il.). <b class="b3">γέν-να</b>(s. v.). - <b class="b3">γενέ-τωρ</b> (Ion. Dor.) and <b class="b3">γενε-τήρ</b> (Arist.) [[begetter]]; on the diff. s. Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; fem. [[γενέτειρα]] (Pi.) ; <b class="b3">γενέ-της</b> (Ion.); with [[γενέσια]] n. pl. [[Parentalia]] (Hdt.). - [[γνήσιος]] [[of real birth]] (Il.) from [[γνητός]]. [[ἴγνητες]] s.vv. ([[γνωτός]], <b class="b3">-τή</b> to [[γιγνώσκω]]).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] <b class="b2">*ǵenh₁-</b>, <b class="b2">ǵonh₁-</b>, <b class="b2">ǵnh₁-</b> [[beget]]<br />Etymology: Old verb: redupl. pres. [[γίγνομαι]] = Lat. act. [[gignō]] [[beget]]; thematic aorist [[ἐγένετο]] = Skt. them. impf. <b class="b2">ájanata</b> (pres. <b class="b2">jánate</b>, <b class="b2">-ti</b> = lat. [[genit]]); perf. [[γέγονα]] = Skt. <b class="b2">jajā́na</b>. Nouns [[γένος]] (Skt. <b class="b2">jánas-</b>, Lat. [[genus]]) and [[γόνος]] (Skt. <b class="b2">jána-</b>); [[γενέτωρ]], [[γενετήρ]] (IE <b class="b2">*ǵenh₁-</b>) = Lat. [[genitor]], Skt. <b class="b2">jánitar-</b> and <b class="b2">janitár-</b>, [[γενέτειρα]] = Skt. <b class="b2">jánitrī</b>, Lat. [[genitrī-x]]; [[γένεσις]] but with zero grade Skt. <b class="b2">jātí-</b> [[birth]], [[family]], Lat. [[nāti-ō]], OE (<b class="b2">ge)cynd</b> ; <b class="b3">-γνητος</b> (<b class="b2">*ǵnh₁-tos</b>); <b class="b3">-γν-ος</b> in compounds (with loss of the laryngeal) = e. g. Lat. <b class="b2">prīvi-gn-us</b> [[born separately]] = [[stepchild]], <b class="b3">νεο-γν-ός</b>: Goth. <b class="b2">niu-kla-hs</b> [[as a child]] (< <b class="b2">*-kna-</b> < IE. <b class="b2">*-ǵnh₁-o-</b> dissimilated), also in NPhr. [[ουεγνω]] (<b class="b2">*sue-ǵnh₁-o-</b>); <b class="b3">-γν-ιος</b> in <b class="b3">ὁμόγν-ιος</b> = Gaul. [[Abe-gnia]]. - Many forms from different languages, s. Pok. 373ff.