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==Wikipedia EN== | ==Wikipedia EN== | ||
[[File:Duda.JPG|thumb|Mandragora autumnalis|alt=Mandragora autumnalis]] | |||
A mandrake is the root of a plant, historically derived either from plants of the genus Mandragora found in the Mediterranean region, or from other species, such as Bryonia alba, the English mandrake, which have similar properties. The plants from which the root is obtained are also called "mandrakes". Mediterranean mandrakes are perennial herbaceous plants with ovate leaves arranged in a rosette, a thick upright root, often branched, and bell-shaped flowers followed by yellow or orange berries. They have been placed in different species by different authors. They are highly variable perennial herbaceous plants with long thick roots (often branched) and almost no stem. The leaves are borne in a basal rosette, and are variable in size and shape, with a maximum length of 45 cm (18 in). They are usually either elliptical in shape or wider towards the end (obovate), with varying degrees of hairiness. | A mandrake is the root of a plant, historically derived either from plants of the genus Mandragora found in the Mediterranean region, or from other species, such as Bryonia alba, the English mandrake, which have similar properties. The plants from which the root is obtained are also called "mandrakes". Mediterranean mandrakes are perennial herbaceous plants with ovate leaves arranged in a rosette, a thick upright root, often branched, and bell-shaped flowers followed by yellow or orange berries. They have been placed in different species by different authors. They are highly variable perennial herbaceous plants with long thick roots (often branched) and almost no stem. The leaves are borne in a basal rosette, and are variable in size and shape, with a maximum length of 45 cm (18 in). They are usually either elliptical in shape or wider towards the end (obovate), with varying degrees of hairiness. | ||
[[Mandragora autumnalis]], known as [[mandrake]] or [[autumn mandrake]], is recognized by some sources as a separate species from [[Mandragora officinarum]], although with different circumscriptions. Others regard it as merely part of this very variable species. Plants given the name Mandragora autumnalis consist of a rosette of leaves up to 60 cm (2 ft) across, close to the ground, with a central group of usually purplish flowers followed by yellow or orange berries. The large tap-roots as well as the leaves contain alkaloids and are toxic. They have traditional uses as herbal medicines. | |||
==Translations== | ==Translations== | ||
Arabic: يَبْرُوح, لُفَّاح, بَيْض الْجِنّ, تُفَّاح الْمَجَانِين, مَانْدْرَاكُورَا, تُفَّاح الْجِنّ; Aramaic Classical Syriac: ܝܲܒܼܪܘܼܚܵܐ; Hebrew: יַבְרוּחָא; Armenian: մանրագոր; Catalan: mandràgora; Chinese Mandarin: 風茄, 风茄, 曼德拉草; Czech: pokřín, pekřín; Danish: alrune; Dutch: mandragora; Finnish: alruuna; French: mandragore; German: Alraune; Greek: μανδραγόρας; Ancient Greek: μανδραγόρας, μώριος; Hebrew: דּוּדָא; Hungarian: mandragóra; Italian: mandragora; Japanese: マンドラゴラ; Latin: mandragora; Maori: manitareki; Norwegian: alruner; Persian: شابیزک; Polish: mandragora, alrauna; Portuguese: mandrágora; Romanian: mandragoră; Russian: мандраго́ра; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мандрагора, алрауна, буновина, надлишка; Roman: mandragora, alrauna, bunovina, nadliška; Spanish: mandrágora; Swedish: alruna; Turkish: adam otu; Ukrainian: мандраго́ра | Arabic: يَبْرُوح, لُفَّاح, بَيْض الْجِنّ, تُفَّاح الْمَجَانِين, مَانْدْرَاكُورَا, تُفَّاح الْجِنّ; Aramaic Classical Syriac: ܝܲܒܼܪܘܼܚܵܐ; Hebrew: יַבְרוּחָא; Armenian: մանրագոր; Catalan: mandràgora; Chinese Mandarin: 風茄, 风茄, 曼德拉草; Czech: pokřín, pekřín; Danish: alrune; Dutch: mandragora; Finnish: alruuna; French: mandragore; German: Alraune; Greek: μανδραγόρας; Ancient Greek: μανδραγόρας, μώριος; Hebrew: דּוּדָא; Hungarian: mandragóra; Italian: mandragora; Japanese: マンドラゴラ; Latin: mandragora; Maori: manitareki; Norwegian: alruner; Persian: شابیزک; Polish: mandragora, alrauna; Portuguese: mandrágora; Romanian: mandragoră; Russian: мандраго́ра; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мандрагора, алрауна, буновина, надлишка; Roman: mandragora, alrauna, bunovina, nadliška; Spanish: mandrágora; Swedish: alruna; Turkish: adam otu; Ukrainian: мандраго́ра | ||