ζυγόν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, also ζυγός, ὁ, (in various senses), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>217</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>63b</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.30.29</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>27.40</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Plb.4.82.2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>11.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>5.173a</span>, etc.: rarely in pl., <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ζυγοί <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Pr.</span>11.1</span>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Th.1.29</span>: Delph. δυγός ([[quod vide|q.v.]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[yoke]] of a plough or carriage, ζ. ἵππειον <span class="bibl">Il.5.799</span>, <span class="bibl">23.392</span>; ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἵππους <span class="bibl">5.731</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.3.383</span>; ἐπὶ ζυγὸν αὐχένι θεῖναι βουσί <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>815</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">581</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ ζυγόφιν</b> (i.e. [[ζυγοῦ]]) λύον ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.24.576</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">τὸν αὐτὸν ἕλκειν ζ</b>. 'to be in the same boat', <span class="bibl">Aristaenet.2.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Zen.3.43</span>; ταὔτ' ἐμοὶ ζ. τρίβεις <span class="bibl">Herod.6.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., ἐπὶ ζυγὸς αὐχένι κεῖται <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>217</span>; ἐχθροῖσιν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν αὐχένα θήσω <span class="bibl">Thgn.1023</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπαυχένιον λαβεῖν ζ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.93</span>; <b class="b3">δούλιον ζ</b>. [[the yoke]] of slavery, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>.γ, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>75</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">471</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ</b>., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>944</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1330</span>; ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον δικαίως εἶχον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>291</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ</b>… so as to prevent... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.27</span>; ζυγῷ ζυγῆναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>508a</span>; ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. τινάς <span class="bibl">Plb.4.82.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.H.3.22</span>; ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. ὑπαγαγεῖν D.C.<span class="title">Fr.</span>36.10; ζυγὸν ὑποστῆναι <span class="bibl">D.H.10.20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[crossbar]] of the [[φόρμιγξ]], <span class="bibl">Il.9.187</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> ζυγὸς ἡ τῆς ἀμπέλου πρὸς τὴν χάρακα συζυγία <span class="title">Gp.</span>5.29.6. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> in pl., [[thwarts]] or [[benches joining]] the opposite sides of a ship, <span class="bibl">Od.9.99</span>, <span class="bibl">13.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.96</span>: rarely in sg., θοὸν εἰρεσίας ζυγόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>249</span> (lyr.): metaph., of the seat of authority compared to the helmsman's seat, ἐς τὸ πρῶτον πόλεος ζ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>595</span>; ἐπεὶ δ' ἐπὶ ζυγοῖς καθέζετ' ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>74</span>; <b class="b3">σὺ ταῦτα φωνεῖς νερτέρᾳ προσήμενος κώπῃ, κρατούντων τῶν ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός</b>; while on the [[main thwart]] sits authority, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1618</span>; also of a coachman's [[seat]], [[box]], PMasp.303.15 (vi A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in pl., [[panels]] of a door, <span class="title">IG</span>12.372.199,22.1457.14,1672.155; cf. [[ζευγίον]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[beam of the balance]], ζυγὸν ταλάντου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>822</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span>850a4</span>: hence, [[the balance itself]] (cf. [[πῆχυς]] IV), αἴρειν τὸν ζυγόν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>63b</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν πλάστιγγι</b> ζυγοῦ κεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>55o</span>e; [[ζυγῷ]] or <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ ζ. ἱστάναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.10.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Prt.</span>356b</span>; ζυγὸν ἱστάναι <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Prooem.</span>55</span>: in pl., <span class="bibl">Id.25.46</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>975.39 (Delos, iii B.C.): [[proverb|prov.]], ζ. μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν Pythag. ap. <span class="bibl">D.L.8.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> the constellation <span class="title">Libra</span>, <span class="bibl">Hipparch.3.1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Man.2.137</span>, etc.; ζ. Ἀφροδίτης <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Antr.</span>22</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[καρχασίου]] the [[yard-arm]] at the mast head, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ach.Tat.5.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> [[cross-strap]] of a sandal, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>417</span>, <span class="bibl">Poll.7.81</span>; [[ζυγός]], [[ὁ]], Phot. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VII</span> [[pair]], <b class="b3">κλεινὸν ζυγόν</b>, of persons, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>392</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ ζυγά</b> in [[pairs]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>544a5</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.32</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VIII</span> [[rank]] or [[line]] of soldiers, opp. [[file]] (στοῖχος), ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ζ. ἐμάχοντο τέσσαρες <span class="bibl">Th.5.68</span>; ὁ ζυγός <span class="bibl">Polyaen.4.4.3</span> (τὰ ζυγά <span class="bibl">2.10.4</span>); <b class="b3">κατὰ ζυγόν</b> [[line with line]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.45.9</span>; κατ' ἄνδρα καὶ ζ. <span class="bibl">Id.3.81.2</span>; esp. [[front rank]], <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">Tact.</span>7.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>8.1</span>; also of the Chorus, <span class="bibl">Poll.4.108</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IX</span> <b class="b3">ζυγὰ ἢ ἄζυγα</b> [[even]] or odd, a game, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>817</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">X</span> measure of land, <span class="title">SIG</span>963.13 (Amorgos, iv B.C.).</span>

|mdlsjtxt=[cf. [[ζεύγνυμι]]<br />[[anything]] [[which]] joins two bodies; and so,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> the [[yoke]] or [[cross]]-bar tied by the [[ζυγόδεσμον]] to the end of the [[pole]], and having ζεῦγλαι (collars or loops) at [[each]] end, by [[which]] two horses, mules or oxen drew the [[plough]] or [[carriage]], Hom., etc.:—metaph., τὸ δούλιον ζ. the [[yoke]] of [[slavery]], Hdt.; δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ. Soph., Eur.; ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ… , so as to [[prevent]]… , Xen.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> a [[pair]], Eur.; κατὰ ζυγά in pairs, Theocr.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> the [[cross]]-bar joining the horns of the [[φόρμιγξ]], [[along]] [[which]] the strings were fastened, Il.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> in pl. the [[thwarts]] joining the [[opposite]] sides of a [[ship]] or [[boat]], the benches, Lat. transtra, Od., Hdt.; in sg., Soph.:—metaph., τὸ πόλεος ζ. Eur.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> the [[middle]] of the [[three]] banks in a [[trireme]]; metaph., οἱ ἐπὶ ζυγῷ [[δορός]] those on the [[upper]] [[bench]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> the [[beam]] of the [[balance]], Dem.: — the [[balance]] itself, Plat.<br /><b class="num">V.</b> καρχασίου ζ. the [[yard]]-arm at the masthead, Pind.<br /><b class="num">VI.</b> a [[rank]] or [[line]] of soldiers, opp. to a [[file]], Thuc.