γλαφυρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ά, όν, (γλάφω) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[hollow]], [[hollowed]], νῆες <span class="bibl">Il.2.454</span>, al.; γ. πέτρη, σπέος <span class="bibl">2.88</span>, <span class="bibl">18.402</span>; ἄντρον <span class="bibl">Agath.1.10</span> (Sup.); τὰ γ. τῆς γῆς <span class="bibl">Id.2.15</span>; γ. φόρμιγξ <span class="bibl">Od. 17.262</span>; γ. ἅρματα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.12</span>; <b class="b3">γ. λιμήν</b> [[a deep]] harbour or cove, <span class="bibl">Od. 12.305</span>.—In this sense Ep. and Lyr. (not in Trag.); twice in Com., <span class="bibl">Hermipp.63.11</span> (mock-Epic); [<b class="b3">ποτήρια] ταπεινὰ καὶ γ</b>. Epigen.<span class="bibl">4.3</span>; later [[πόδες]] [[arched]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>538b11</span> (Comp.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[polished]]: hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[hairless]], [[smooth]], of spiders, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>555b11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[neat]], [[delicate]], ῥύγχος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>662b8</span>; κηρίον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>554b28</span> (Comp.); of dishes, [[dainty]], δειπνάριον <span class="bibl">Diph.64.1</span>; ἐμβαμμάτια <span class="bibl">Anaxipp.1.35</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> metaph., [[subtle]], [[exact]], of persons and things, ὦ σοφώτατ', ὦ γλαφυρώτατε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1272</span>; <b class="b3">γ. ἀστεῖός θ' ἅμα</b> Machoap.<span class="bibl">Ath.13.579b</span>; γλαφυρώτερος τῶν νῦν νομοθετῶν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1274b8</span>; γλαφυρωτέραν ἔχειν τὴν διάνοιαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>650b19</span>; εἴ τι κομψὸν ἢ σοφὸν ἢ γ. οἶσθα <span class="bibl">Dionys.Com. 3.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plot.4.8.6</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ γ</b>. [[subtlety]], ποικίλλοντες τῷ γ. γεωμετρίαν <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Marc.</span>14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">in Nic.</span>p.20</span> P.; <b class="b3">γ. τέχναι, θεωρία</b>, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.270</span>,<span class="bibl">566</span>: Sup., <span class="bibl">Id.2.262</span>. Adv., Comp. <b class="b3">-οτέρως</b> [[more subtly]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">de An.</span>405a8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[skilful]], [[neat]], χείρ <span class="bibl">Theoc.<span class="title">Ep.</span>8.5</span>; [ἀράχνιον] σοφώτατον καὶ -ώτατον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>623a8</span>. Adv. <b class="b3">-ρῶς, ἧττον γ. ἔχειν</b> with less [[finish]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1271b21</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Alex.110.20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[refined]], γλαφυρόν τι καὶ προσαγωγὸν ἐμειδίασεν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>20.11</span>; γ. διατριβαί <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cim.</span>13</span>. Adv. -ρῶς, γ. καὶ περιττῶς διάγειν Id.2.989c; γ. βιώσας <span class="title">CIG</span>2004 (Maced.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of literary style, [[polished]], [[elegant]], γ. ἁρμονία <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Dem.</span> 36</span>; ῥυθμός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Comp.</span>13</span>; [[σύνθεσις]], opp. [[αὐστηρά]], ib.<span class="bibl">21</span>. Adv. -ρῶς, λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Isoc.</span>2</span>; of music, ἐμελῴδει πάνυ γλαφυρὸν καὶ ἐναρμόνιον <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DDeor.</span>7.4</span>.</span>

|dgtxt=(γλᾰφῠρός) -ά, -όν<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [plu. dat. γλαφυροῖσι Anaxipp.1.35]<br /><b class="num">I</b> de cosas natural o artificialmente huecas o ahuecadas y pulidas [[hueco]], [[cóncavo]], [[ahuecado]] πέτρη <i>Il</i>.2.88, <i>Od</i>.14.533, σπέος <i>Il</i>.18.402, 24.83, <i>Od</i>.2.20, 9.114, 476, 12.210, Hes.<i>Th</i>.297, ἔστι ... [[αὐτόθι]] σπήλαιον ὃ καλεῖται γλαφυρόν Arist.<i>Mir</i>.834^b32, [[ἄντρον]] Agath.1.10.2<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. de naves νῆες γλαφυραί <i>Il</i>.2.454, 3.119, 8.334, cf. <i>Od</i>.10.23, 12.406, 14.304, A.R.3.316, 4.1609, del caballo de Troya, Triph.65<br /><b class="num">•</b>gener. φόρμιγξ <i>Od</i>.8.257, <i>h.Ap</i>.183, <i>h.Merc</i>.64, φωριαμός A.R.3.844, μέλαθρον Nonn.<i>Par.Eu.Io</i>.11.38, λιμήν γ. puerto profundo, hondo</i>, <i>Od</i>.12.305, νιπτήρ Nonn.<i>Par.Eu.Io</i>.13.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. τὰ γλαφυρὰ τῆς γῆς las concavidades de la tierra</i> Agath.2.15.9.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[cincelado]] ἅρματα Pi.<i>N</i>.9.12, ποτήρια Epig.4.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[bien trabajado]] s. cont., Men. en Phot.γ 132.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[liso]] de una clase de arañas [[sin pelo]] Arist.<i>HA</i> 555^b11, 623^a8<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[liso]], [[delicado]] del pico de un ave pequeña, op. ἰσχυρὸν καὶ σκληρόν (ῥύγχος) Arist.<i>PA</i> 662^b8, πόδας γλαφυρωτέρους (ref. a los animales hembra), Arist.<i>HA</i> 538^b11, κηρίον Arist.<i>HA</i> 554^b28, ἴασπις Orph.<i>L</i>.267.<br /><b class="num">III</b> fig. de pers. y abstr.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[ingenioso]], [[agudo]], [[sutil]] Ar.<i>Au</i>.1272, Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1274^b8, Macho 237, γ. [[διάνοια]] inteligencia aguda</i> Arist.<i>PA</i> 650^b19, τι κομψὸν ἢ σοφὸν ἢ γλαφυρόν algo fino, inteligente o ingenioso</i> Dionys.Com.3.2, cf. Plot.4.8.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. τὸ γλαφυρόν [[sutileza]], [[ingenio]] Plu.<i>Marc</i>.14, Iambl.<i>in Nic</i>.20.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[hábil]], [[primoroso]] χείρ Theoc.<i>Ep</i>.8.5.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[refinado]], [[elegante]] διατριβαί Plu.<i>Cim</i>.13, τέχναι Ph.1.270, cf. Corn.<i>ND</i> 20<br /><b class="num">•</b>del estilo [[pulido]], [[elegante]] [[ἁρμονία]] D.H.<i>Dem</i>.36.5, ῥυθμός D.H.<i>Comp</i>.13.2, cf. Demetr.<i>Eloc</i>.36, σύνθεσις D.H.<i>Comp</i>.21.4, μέλος Sch.S.<i>OC</i> 668P.<br /><b class="num">•</b>neutr. adv. μελῳδεῖ πάνυ γλαφυρὸν ... καὶ ἐναρμόνιον canta con gusto y armoniosamente</i> Luc.<i>DDeor</i>.11.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>de manjares [[sabroso]] [[δειπνάριον]] Diph.64.1, ἐμβαμμάτια Anaxipp.l.c.<br /><b class="num">IV</b> adv. -ῶς [[con refinamiento]] ἧττον γ. (ἔχει) carece de refinamiento</i> la constitución cretense, Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1271^b21, σοφῶς ταῦτ' οἰκονομήσω καὶ γ. Alex.115.20, γ. καὶ περιττῶς διάγειν vivir con refinamiento y abundancia</i> Plu.2.989, cf. <i>CIG</i> 2004 (Macedonia), γ. λέγειν hablar con elegancia</i> D.H.<i>Isoc</i>.2<br /><b class="num">•</b>compar. -τέρως [[con más sutileza]] Arist.<i>de An</i>.405^a8.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Gener. se rel. [[γλύφω]] q.u. c. disim. *γλυφυ- > γλαφυ-. Otros ven una disim. de *βλαφυ- > γλαφυ- (cf. γλέπω < [[βλέπω]]) de una r. *<i>g^u̯l̥bhu</i>-, cf. av. <i>gərəbuš</i>-, gr. δελφύς.

|elrutext='''γλᾰφῠρός:'''<br /><b class="num">1)</b> выдолбленный, пустотелый, полый ([[νηῦς]], [[πέτρη]], [[φόρμιγξ]] Hom.; [[σπέος]] Her., Hes.; [[ἅρμα]] Pind.): γ. [[λιμήν]] Hom. глубокая гавань, укрытая бухта; γλαφυρὰ [[χθών]] Anth. яма в земле;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> досл. обточенный, обтесанный, перен. точеный, изящный, стройный (πόδες Arst.; εὐειδῆ καὶ γλαφυρὰ βρέφη Plut.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> утонченный, культурный ([[διάνοια]] Arst.; [[ἀστεῖος]] καὶ γ. [[βίος]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> искусный, тщательно отделанный, тонкий ([[ἀράχνιον]], ἀνθρηνῶν [[κηρίον]] Arst.; διατριβαί Plut.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> искусный, умелый ([[νομοθέτης]] Arst.).

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">hollow(ed)</b> (Il.), [[polished]], [[smooth]], [[refined]], [[elegant]] (Ar.).<br />Derivatives: [[γλαφυρότης]] [[neatness]], [[elegance]] (Ph.) and [[γλαφυρία]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Plu.). - Rare [[γλάφυ]] n. [[hollow]], [[cavern]] (Hes. Op. 533) and [[γλάφω]] [[hollow]] (Hes. Sc. 431), also [[διαγλάψασα]], late [[engrave]] (ClassRev. 12, 282; Koptos IIp).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Dissimilated from <b class="b3">-υλός</b> (?) acc. to Leumann (Glotta 32, 223 A. 2), from an <b class="b2">u-</b>stem ([[λιγυρός]] : [[λιγύς]])?. Perhaps [[γλάφυ]] is old and represents this <b class="b2">u-</b>stem; [[γλάφω]], a [[ἅπ]]. [[λεγ]]. [[hollow]], can be secondary. Later the verb means (though not quite certainly) [[engrave]]. It looks as a cross between [[γλύφω]] and [[γράφω]]. The development to [[smooth]] etc. is rather surprising. - Compare Slavic words for [[hollow]], [[gnaw]], e.g. Sloven. <b class="b2">glóbati</b> . (But Russ. <b class="b2">globá</b> [[cross-beam]] does not fit in, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. v.). DELG thinks that [[υ]] stands for [[α]] (Lejeune, Phonétique 1969, 180, 315f.) or a dissimilation of <b class="b3">*γλυφυ-</b>. Doubtful.